Araştırma Makalesi
Employment Challenges among Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder from Their Parents’ Perspective in Saudi Arabia
Öz
Bu çalışmada, ebeveyn görüşlerine göre Suudi Arabistan’daki Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu (OSB) olan gençlerin
istihdam güçlüklerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla 85 OSB olan gencin ebeveynlerine OSB’li gençler
için hazırlanan İstihdam Güçlükleri Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, Suudi Arabistan’daki
istihdama ilişkin güçlüklerinin; OSB temelli güçlükler, OSB’li gençlerin ailelerine ilişkin güçlükler, çalışma
ortamına ilişkin güçlükler ve sosyal güçlükler olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ebeveynlerin ölçeğe verdikleri yanıtlardan
elde edilen puan ortalamaları, ebeveyn cinsiyeti, çocuğun cinsiyeti ve çocuğun yaşına göre istatistiksel olarak
anlamlı farklılık göstermemiştir. Ancak mali destek alma değişkenine göre ebeveynlerin ölçeğe verdikleri
yanıtların puan ortalamaları, mali destek almayanlar lehine istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde farklılaşmaktadır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
: İstihdam istihdam güçlükleri otizm spektrum bozukluğu (OSB) OSB olan genç OSB olan gencin ebeveyni
Kaynakça
- Aba Al-Khail, R. (2001). Prospects of care and rehabilitation for people with special needs in Saudi Arabia. Riyadh: Almualef.Abu Hashim, S. (2004). Statistical manual in data analysis using SPSS. Riyadh: Al Rashed Library.Albeblawi, I. A. & Sayed-Ahmed, S. A. (2008). Contemporary Issues in Special Education. Riyadh: Dar Al-Zahra.Abu Ghoneimah, A. (2011). Vocational rehabilitation for people with special needs. Amman: Dar Al-Fajr.Al-Ajami, N. S. & Al-Batal, J. A. (2016). Difficulties of employing individuals with intellectual disabilities from employees’ perspectives in intellectual education institutes and programs in Riyadh. Al-Quds Open University Journal for Educational and Psychological Studies, (14).Al-Fayez, H. S. (2016). Difficulties in providing services to people with autism from the perspective of their families in Saudi Arabia. Arabic Journal for Specialized Education, 5 (9), 1-14.American Psychiatric Association (APA). (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th Ed.). Washington, DC: APA Press.Billstedt, E., Gillberg, C., & Gillberg, C. (2005). Autism after adolescence: Population-based 13-22-year follow-up study of 120 individuals with autism diagnosed in childhood. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 35 (3), 351-360.Burt, D. B., Fuller, S. P., & Lewis, K. R. (1991). Competitive employment of adults with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 21(2), 237-242. Camarena, P. & Sarigiani, P. (2009). Postsecondary educational aspirations of high-functioning adolescents with ASD s and their parents, Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities 24, 2, 115-128.Hagner, D. & Cooney, B. (2005). 'I do that for everyone': Supervising employees with autism, Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities 20, 2, 91-97.Hastings, R. & Johnson, E. (2001). Stress in UK families conducting intensive home-based behavioral intervention for their young child with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 31, 327-336.Hendricks, D. (2010). Employment and adults with ASD s: Challenges and strategies for success. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation 32, 125-134.Hillier, A. Campbell, H. Mastriana, K. Izzo, M., Kool- Tucker, A., Cherry, L., & Beversdorf, D., (2007). Two-year evaluation of a voluntary support program for adults on the autism spectrum, Career Development for Exceptional Individuals 30, 1, 35-47. Hurlbutt, K. & Chalmers, L. (2004). Employment and adults with Asperger syndrome, Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities 19, 4, 215-222.Johnston, C., Hessl, D., Blasey, C., Eliez, S., Erba, H., Dyer-Frie dman, J., Glaser, B., Reiss, A. (2003). Factors associated with parenting stress in mothers of children with fragile X syndrome. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 24, 4, 267-275.Kaye, H. S., Jans, L. H., & Jones, E. C. (2011). Why don’t employers hire and retain workers with disabilities? Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 21(4): 526–36.Krieger B, Kinebanian A, Prodinger B, Heigl F. (2012). Becoming a member of the work force: perceptions of adults with Asperger Syndrome. Work. 43(2):141–57. Lattimore, L., Parchildren, M. & Reid, D. (2006). Enhancing job site training on supported workers with autism: A reappasis on simulation. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 39, 91-102.Majid, S. S. (2010). Autism: Causes, characteristics, diagnosis and treatment. Amman: Dar Debono for Publishing and Distribution.Mawhood, L. & Howlin, P. (1999). The emergence of a supported employment scheme for high functioning adults with autism or Asperger syndrome, Autism 3, 229-254.Mohammed, A. A. (2001). Effectiveness of a behavioral, cognitive and guiding program for mothers of autistic children in reducing disengagement behavior among their children. Journal of Psychological Counseling Center, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, (14), 47-79.Morgan, R., & Alexander, M. (2005). The employer's perception: Employment of individuals with developmental disabilities. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 23, 1, 39-49.Nambiar, S. (2013). Impact of the current educational services on learners with ASD in Dubai, UAE. The British University in Dubai, Faculty of Education: Dubai, UAE.Nesbitt, S. (2000). Why and why not? Factors impacting employment for individuals with Asperger syndrome, Autism 4, 4, 357-369.Obeidat, R. (2009). Difficulties facing the employment of individuals with intellectual disabilities in the United Arab Emirates: field study. International Journal issued by the Ministry of Social Affairs, Department of Care and Rehabilitation the UAE, (3). Okasha, A. (2000). Contemporary Psychiatry. Cairo: The Anglo-Egyptian Library.Orsmond, G., Lin, L., & Seltzer, M. (2007). Mothers of adolescents and adults with autism: Parenting multiple children with disabilities. Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 45, 257-270.Peek, B. & Kirkbride, L. (2001). Why businesses do not employ people with disabilities, Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation 16, 2, 71-75.Qutb, N. A. (2012). Preparing a scale to detect autism symptoms during different age stages and measuring its effectiveness. Arab Studies in Education and Psychology, (25), 245 – 265.Sayed-Ahmed, S. A. (2006). Social attitudes towards disabled and the role of the media in their modification. Arab Journal of Special Education in Riyadh, (9).Seltzer, M., & Krauss, M. (2002). Adolescents and adults with autism: A profile of adolescents and adults with ASD s. AAA Report # 2. National Institute on Aging.Scott, M., Falkmer, M., Girdler, S. & Falkmer, T. (2015). Correction: Viewpoints on Factors for Successful Employment for Adults with ASD. PLoS One. 10, 11, Journal. Pone.0143674. Sigman, M. & Capps, L. (1997). Children with autism: A developmental Perspective. London: Harvard University Press.Siperstein, G., Romano, N., Mohler, A., & Parker, R. (2006). A national survey of consumer attitudes towards companies that hire people with disabilities. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 24, 1, 3-9.Smith, L., Hong., Seltzer, M., Greenberg, J. , Almeida, D. & Bishop, S. (2010). Daily experiences among mothers of adolescents and adults with ASD. Journal of Autism of Developmental Disorders, 40, 167-178.Smith, L., Seltzer, M., Tager-Flusberg, H., Greenberg, J. & Carter, A. (2008). A comparative analysis of well-being and coping among others of toddlers and mothers of adolescents with ASD. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37, 876-889.Smith, L., Seltzer, M., & Greenberg, J. (2012). Daily health symptoms of mothers of adolescents and adults with fragile X syndrome and mothers of adolescents and adults with ASD. Journal on Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42, 1836-1846.Vogeley, K., Kirchner, J., Gawronski, A., Tebartz van Eist, L. & Dziobek I. (2013). Toward the developmental of a supported employment program for individuals with high-functioning autism in Germany. European Archives of psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 263, 197-203
Yıl 2019,
Cilt: 20 Sayı: 4, 791 - 814, 04.12.2019
Öz
The study aimed at identifying employment challenges among youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
from their parents’ perspective in Saudi Arabia. ASD Youth Employment Challenges Scale was applied to 85
parents of youth with ASD. Results concluded that employment challenges in Saudi Arabia are ASD-based
challenges, ASD youth’s family challenges, work environment challenges, and social challenges. There were no
statistically significant differences between the mean score of the responses of parents of youth with ASD to
employment challenges scale due to parent’s gender, children’s gender, and children’s age. There were
statistically significant differences between the mean score of the responses of parents of youth with ASD to
employment challenges scale due to the variable of receiving financial support, in favor of those who do not
receive support.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Employment employment challenges autism spectrum disorder (ASD) youth with ASD parents of youth with ASD
Kaynakça
- Aba Al-Khail, R. (2001). Prospects of care and rehabilitation for people with special needs in Saudi Arabia. Riyadh: Almualef.Abu Hashim, S. (2004). Statistical manual in data analysis using SPSS. Riyadh: Al Rashed Library.Albeblawi, I. A. & Sayed-Ahmed, S. A. (2008). Contemporary Issues in Special Education. Riyadh: Dar Al-Zahra.Abu Ghoneimah, A. (2011). Vocational rehabilitation for people with special needs. Amman: Dar Al-Fajr.Al-Ajami, N. S. & Al-Batal, J. A. (2016). Difficulties of employing individuals with intellectual disabilities from employees’ perspectives in intellectual education institutes and programs in Riyadh. Al-Quds Open University Journal for Educational and Psychological Studies, (14).Al-Fayez, H. S. (2016). Difficulties in providing services to people with autism from the perspective of their families in Saudi Arabia. Arabic Journal for Specialized Education, 5 (9), 1-14.American Psychiatric Association (APA). (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th Ed.). Washington, DC: APA Press.Billstedt, E., Gillberg, C., & Gillberg, C. (2005). Autism after adolescence: Population-based 13-22-year follow-up study of 120 individuals with autism diagnosed in childhood. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 35 (3), 351-360.Burt, D. B., Fuller, S. P., & Lewis, K. R. (1991). Competitive employment of adults with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 21(2), 237-242. Camarena, P. & Sarigiani, P. (2009). Postsecondary educational aspirations of high-functioning adolescents with ASD s and their parents, Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities 24, 2, 115-128.Hagner, D. & Cooney, B. (2005). 'I do that for everyone': Supervising employees with autism, Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities 20, 2, 91-97.Hastings, R. & Johnson, E. (2001). Stress in UK families conducting intensive home-based behavioral intervention for their young child with autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 31, 327-336.Hendricks, D. (2010). Employment and adults with ASD s: Challenges and strategies for success. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation 32, 125-134.Hillier, A. Campbell, H. Mastriana, K. Izzo, M., Kool- Tucker, A., Cherry, L., & Beversdorf, D., (2007). Two-year evaluation of a voluntary support program for adults on the autism spectrum, Career Development for Exceptional Individuals 30, 1, 35-47. Hurlbutt, K. & Chalmers, L. (2004). Employment and adults with Asperger syndrome, Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities 19, 4, 215-222.Johnston, C., Hessl, D., Blasey, C., Eliez, S., Erba, H., Dyer-Frie dman, J., Glaser, B., Reiss, A. (2003). Factors associated with parenting stress in mothers of children with fragile X syndrome. Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, 24, 4, 267-275.Kaye, H. S., Jans, L. H., & Jones, E. C. (2011). Why don’t employers hire and retain workers with disabilities? Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation, 21(4): 526–36.Krieger B, Kinebanian A, Prodinger B, Heigl F. (2012). Becoming a member of the work force: perceptions of adults with Asperger Syndrome. Work. 43(2):141–57. Lattimore, L., Parchildren, M. & Reid, D. (2006). Enhancing job site training on supported workers with autism: A reappasis on simulation. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 39, 91-102.Majid, S. S. (2010). Autism: Causes, characteristics, diagnosis and treatment. Amman: Dar Debono for Publishing and Distribution.Mawhood, L. & Howlin, P. (1999). The emergence of a supported employment scheme for high functioning adults with autism or Asperger syndrome, Autism 3, 229-254.Mohammed, A. A. (2001). Effectiveness of a behavioral, cognitive and guiding program for mothers of autistic children in reducing disengagement behavior among their children. Journal of Psychological Counseling Center, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, (14), 47-79.Morgan, R., & Alexander, M. (2005). The employer's perception: Employment of individuals with developmental disabilities. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 23, 1, 39-49.Nambiar, S. (2013). Impact of the current educational services on learners with ASD in Dubai, UAE. The British University in Dubai, Faculty of Education: Dubai, UAE.Nesbitt, S. (2000). Why and why not? Factors impacting employment for individuals with Asperger syndrome, Autism 4, 4, 357-369.Obeidat, R. (2009). Difficulties facing the employment of individuals with intellectual disabilities in the United Arab Emirates: field study. International Journal issued by the Ministry of Social Affairs, Department of Care and Rehabilitation the UAE, (3). Okasha, A. (2000). Contemporary Psychiatry. Cairo: The Anglo-Egyptian Library.Orsmond, G., Lin, L., & Seltzer, M. (2007). Mothers of adolescents and adults with autism: Parenting multiple children with disabilities. Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 45, 257-270.Peek, B. & Kirkbride, L. (2001). Why businesses do not employ people with disabilities, Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation 16, 2, 71-75.Qutb, N. A. (2012). Preparing a scale to detect autism symptoms during different age stages and measuring its effectiveness. Arab Studies in Education and Psychology, (25), 245 – 265.Sayed-Ahmed, S. A. (2006). Social attitudes towards disabled and the role of the media in their modification. Arab Journal of Special Education in Riyadh, (9).Seltzer, M., & Krauss, M. (2002). Adolescents and adults with autism: A profile of adolescents and adults with ASD s. AAA Report # 2. National Institute on Aging.Scott, M., Falkmer, M., Girdler, S. & Falkmer, T. (2015). Correction: Viewpoints on Factors for Successful Employment for Adults with ASD. PLoS One. 10, 11, Journal. Pone.0143674. Sigman, M. & Capps, L. (1997). Children with autism: A developmental Perspective. London: Harvard University Press.Siperstein, G., Romano, N., Mohler, A., & Parker, R. (2006). A national survey of consumer attitudes towards companies that hire people with disabilities. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 24, 1, 3-9.Smith, L., Hong., Seltzer, M., Greenberg, J. , Almeida, D. & Bishop, S. (2010). Daily experiences among mothers of adolescents and adults with ASD. Journal of Autism of Developmental Disorders, 40, 167-178.Smith, L., Seltzer, M., Tager-Flusberg, H., Greenberg, J. & Carter, A. (2008). A comparative analysis of well-being and coping among others of toddlers and mothers of adolescents with ASD. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37, 876-889.Smith, L., Seltzer, M., & Greenberg, J. (2012). Daily health symptoms of mothers of adolescents and adults with fragile X syndrome and mothers of adolescents and adults with ASD. Journal on Autism and Developmental Disorders, 42, 1836-1846.Vogeley, K., Kirchner, J., Gawronski, A., Tebartz van Eist, L. & Dziobek I. (2013). Toward the developmental of a supported employment program for individuals with high-functioning autism in Germany. European Archives of psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 263, 197-203
Toplam 1 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 4 Aralık 2019 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2019 Cilt: 20 Sayı: 4 |
Cited By
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