Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğunda Refleks Tabanlı Motor ve Gelişimsel Problemler: Fear Paralysis ve Moro

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 4, 945 - 968, 01.12.2021

Ekrem Akbuğa Murat Eliöz

https://doi.org/10.21565/ozelegitimdergisi.662070

Öz

Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu (OSB) birçok gelişim alanında kendisine özgü sorunlara sahip nörogelişimsel bir bozukluktur. OSB’de refleks ve motor gelişim ile duyusal işlevsellik üzerine çeşitli araştırmalar mevcuttur ancak Fear Paralysis Refleks (FPR) ve Moro refleks ile ilişkilendirilmiş çalışmalar sınırlıdır. FPR ve Moro, refleks harmonisinin ilk gelişen refleksleri ve kendilerinden sonraki reflekslere temel geçit olmaları açısından önemlidirler. İki refleksin işleyiş sürecindeki sorunlar motor gelişim başta olmak üzere bütün gelişim alanlarında bozulmalara neden olabilmektedir. Ayrıca OSB, dispraksi, epilepsi, alerjiler, serebral palsi, disleksi gibi sorunlara yol açabilmekte veya eşlik edebilmektedirler. Bu reflekslerdeki işlevsel bozulmalar sonucunda duyusal entegrasyon ve motor gelişim başta olmak üzere OSB ilişkili birçok problemin oluştuğu görülmektedir. Moro refleksindeki bozulmalar bazı testlerle tespit edilebilir ve Moro entegrasyonunu sağlayan egzersiz/tekniklerle ilgili sorunların çözümüne katkı sağlanabilir. Sonuç olarak FPR ve Moro reflekslerindeki sorunların OSB problemleriyle eşleşmesi OSB’yi daha erken dönemlerde tanılamak ve müdahale etmek için öncelikle bu reflekslerin gelişimlerinin takip edilmesini önemli kılabileceğini düşünmekteyiz.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fear paralysis refleks, Moro refleks, motor bozukluk, motor gelişim, otizm, refleks

Reflex-based Motor and Developmental Problems in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Fear Paralysis and Moro

Öz

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that includes specific problems in many developmental areas. There are various studies on reflex, motor development and sensory functionality in ASD. However, the studies on Fear Paralysis Reflex (FPR) and Moro reflex are limited. FPR and Moro are important as they are two of the initially developing ones that imply reflex harmony and the main gateway to subsequent reflexes. The problems in these can cause impairment among development areas, especially in motor development. They may cause or accompany ASD, dyspraxia, epilepsy, allergies, dyslexia. Many problems occur related with ASD as a result of the deterioration in these reflexes as part of sensory-motor development. Some tests may detect the deterioration in Moro reflex and offer exercise-based solutions to ensure the reflex integration. In conclusion, the problems in FPR and Moro should be taken into account in the diagnosis and intervention in terms of the development of these reflexes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Autism, fear paralysis, Moro, motor disorder, motor development, movement, reflex

Kaynakça

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