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Gifted Individuals and Suicide: A Literature Review Study

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2, 459 - 480, 01.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.21565/ozelegitimdergisi.762427

Öz

Introduction: In the case of suicide, which means ending life by the self, the situation is difficult to understand. It is important to know that the approaches about suicide regarding gifted individuals due to their different characteristics from peers. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the studies in the literature in order to understand the suicide phenomenon in terms of gifted people.
Method: In this context, studies that include the words "suicide" and "gifted" in the title without any limitation in terms of the year were examined by searching the YÖK thesis center, SCOPUS, ERIC, WOS and ULAKBİM databases through document analysis method.
Findings: According to the qualitative findings, the meaning of the suicide phenomenon, factors directly related to giftedness and personal factors should be carefully considered as warning signs for the suicide of gifted individuals. In order to prevent it, the necessity of effective evaluation, a reassuring environment, awareness raising activities for stakeholders and gifted individuals come to the fore.
Discussion: There was not enough experimental evidence to make a clear distinction between the perspectives of gifted and typically developing individuals towards suicide. However, related studies indicated that gifted individuals faced with more risk factors. Gifted individuals may be affected by both the general risk factors that typically developing individuals may suffer from, and the negative factors that may occur due to their "giftedness”. Accordingly, the study provides information and suggestions that can help families, peers, teachers and administrators.

Kaynakça

  • American Foundation for Suicide Prevention (2014). Facts and figures. Retrieved from https://www.afsp.org/understanding-suicide/facts-and-figures.
  • Akar, İ. (2010). İlköğretim kademesindeki üstün yetenekli öğrencilerin rehberlik gereksinimlerinin ebeveynlerin ve öğretmenlerin görüşlerine dayalı olarak belirlenmesi [Determination of the primary school gifted and talented students’ guidance needs based on their parents’ and teachers’ views] (Yüksek lisans tezi). Yükseköğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezinden edinilmiştir. (Tez Numarası: 258108)
  • Altun, F., & Yazıcı, H. (2018). Türkiye’deki üstün yetenekli öğrencilerin psikolojik danışma ve rehberlik ihtiyaçları. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Özel Eğitim Dergisi, 19(2), 355-378. doi: 10.21565/ozelegitimdergisi.339056.
  • Apistola, M. (2017). Suicidality and giftedness: A literatüre review. doi:10.2139/ssrn.2947880.
  • Arsel, C. O. (2010). İntihar olasılığı ve cinsiyet: iletişim becerileri, cinsiyet rolleri, sosyal destek ve umutsuzluk açısından bir değerlendirme [Suicide probability and gender: Evaluation in terms of interpersonal style, sex roles, social support and hopelessness] (Yüksek lisans tezi). Yükseköğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezinden edinilmiştir. (Tez Numarası: 273303)
  • Baker, J. A. (1995). Depression and suicidal ideation among academically gifted adolescents. Gifted Child Quarterly, 39(4), 218–223. doi: 10.1177/001698629503900405.
  • Cassady, J. C., & Cross, T. L. (2006). A factorial representation of suicidal ideation among academically gifted adolescents. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 29(3), 290-304. doi: 10.1177/016235320602900303.
  • Chen, X., Fan, X., Wu, J., & Cheung, H. Y. (2020). Factors related to suicidal cognitions of academically gifted students in the chinese social–cultural context: An exploratory study. Gifted Child Quarterly, 64(3), 204-218. doi: 10.1177/0016986220923665.
  • Cross, T. (1996a). Social/Emotional needs: Examining claims about gifted children and suicide. Gifted Child Today, 19(1), 46-48.
  • Cross, T. (1996b). Social/Emotional needs: Psychological autopsy provides insight into gifted adolescent suicide. Gifted Child Today, 19(3), 22-50.
  • Cross, T. L. (2012). Social-Emotional Needs: A school-based approach to preventing suicide among students with gifts and talents. Gifted Child Today, 35(2), 144-145.
  • Cross, T. (2013). Suicide among gifted children and adolescents: Understanding the suicidal mind. Waco, TX: Prufrock Press Inc.
  • Cross, T. L. (2016). Social and emotional development of gifted students: The role of contagion in suicidal behavior among students with gifts and talents. Gifted Child Today, 39(1), 63-66. doi: 10.1177/1076217515597272.
  • Cross, T. L., & Andersen, L. (2015). Depression and suicide among gifted students. In M. Neihart, S. Pfeiffer, & T. L. Cross (Eds.), The social and emotional development of gifted children: What do we know? (2nd ed., pp. 79–90). Waco, TX: Prufrock Press.
  • Cross, T. L., Cassady, J. C., & Miller, K. A. (2006). Suicide ideation and personality characteristics among gifted adolescents. Gifted Child Quarterly, 50(4), 295-306. doi: 10.1177/001698620605000403.
  • Cross, T. L., Cook, R. S., & Dixon, D. N. (1996). Psychological autopsies of three academically talented adolescents who committed suicide. Journal of Secondary Gifted Education, 7(3), 403-409. doi: 10.1177/1932202X9600700305.
  • Cross, T. L., & Cross, J. R. (2017). Suicide among students with gifts and talents. In S. Pfeiffer, M. Foley-Nicpon, & E. Shaunessy-Dedrick (Eds.), American Psychological Association handbook of giftedness and talent (pp. 601–614). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
  • Cross, T. L., & Cross, J. R. (2020). An ecological model of suicidal behavior among students with gifts and talents. High Ability Studies, 1-19. doi:10.1080/13598139.2020.1733391.
  • Cross, T. L., Gust-Brey, K., & Ball, P. B. (2002). A psychological autopsy of the suicide of an academically gifted student: Researchers' and parents' perspectives. Gifted Child Quarterly, 46(4), 247-264. doi: 10.1177/001698620204600402.
  • Çepni, S. (2010). Araştırma ve proje çalışmalarına giriş [Introduction to research and project studies]. 5. Baskı. Trabzon: Celepler Matbaacılık.
  • Çetin, A., & Ünsal, S. (2020). Özel yetenekli öğrenciyi anlamak: Bir durum çalışması [Understanding a gifted student: A case study]. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Özel Eğitim Dergisi, 21(1), 123-148. doi: 10.21565/ozelegitimdergisi.521678.
  • Davidson, L., & Linnoila, M. (1991). Risk factors foryouth suicide. Rockville: Hemisphere Publishing. Davis, G. A., Rimm, A. B., & Siegle, D. (2011). Gifted education: Matching instruction with needs. In J. W. Johnston (Ed.), Education of the gifted and talented (pp. 1-30). NJ: Pearson Education.
  • Delisle, J. R. (1986). Death with honors: Suicide among gifted adolescents. Journal of Counseling and Development, 64(9), 558-560.
  • Dixon, D. N., & Scheckel, J. R. (1996). Gifted adolescent suicide: The empirical base. Journal of Secondary Gifted Education, 7(3), 386-392. doi: 10.1177/1932202X9600700303.
  • Eskin, M. (2003). İntihar- Açıklama, değerlendirme, tedavi ve önleme. Risk etmenleri: Tanım ve anlama [Suicide-Description, evaluation, treatment and prevention. Risk factors: Definition and understanding] (Bölüm 1). Ankara, sf. 3-28.
  • Gust‐Brey, K., & Cross, T. (1999). An examination of the literature base on the suicidal behaviors of gifted students. Roeper Review, 22(1), 28-35. doi: 10.1080/02783199909553994.
  • Hayes, M. L., & Sloat, R. S. (1989). Gifted students at risk for suicide. Roeper Review, 12(2), 102-107. doi: 10.1080/02783198909553245.
  • Hyatt, L. (2010). A case study of the suicide of a gifted female adolescent: Implications for prediction and prevention. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 33(4), 514-535. doi: 10.1177/016235321003300404.
  • Lajoie, S. P., & Shore, B. M. (1981). Three myths? The over-representation of the gifted among dropouts, delinquents, and suicides. Gifted Child Quarterly, 25(3), 138-143. doi: 10.1177/001698628102500312.
  • Lester, D. (1991a). Completed suicide in the gifted: A late comment on" Suicide among gifted women." Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100(4), 604-606. doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.100.4.604.
  • Lester, D. (1991b). Childhood predictors of later suicide: Follow‐up of a sample of gifted children. Stress Medicine, 7(2), 129-131. doi: 10.1002/smi.2460070214.
  • Martin, L. T., Burns, R. M., & Schonlau, M. (2010). Mental disorders among gifted and nongifted youth: A selected review of the epidemiologic literature. Gifted Child Quarterly, 54(1), 31–41. doi: 10.1177/0016986209352684.
  • Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı [Ministry of National Education] (2003). Okullarımızda intihar ve suç araştırma raporu [Suicide and crime investigation report in our schools]. Özel Eğitim Rehberlik ve Danışma Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü. Ankara: Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı.
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA:Sage Publication.
  • Oğurlu, Ü., & Yaman, Y. (2013). Ebeveynlerin üstün zekalı ve yetenekli çocukları ile ilgili rehberlik ihtiyaçları [Counseling and guidance needs of gifted students in Turkey]. Türk Üstün Zeka ve Eğitim Dergisi, 3(2), 81-94. doi: 10.21565/ozelegitimdergisi.339056.
  • Oltmanns, F. T., & Emery, R. E. (1995). Abnormal psychology. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall. Inc.
  • Özbay, Y., & Palancı, M. (2011). Üstün yetenekli çocuk ve ergenlerin psikososyal özellikleri [Psychosocial characteristics of gifted children and adolecents]. Sakarya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(0), 89-108.
  • Özsoy, S. D., & Eşel, E. (2003). İntihar (Özkıyım) [Suicide (Self-slaughter)]. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 4(3), 175-185.
  • Peterson, J. S. (2007). A developmental perspective. In S. Mendaglio & J. S. Peterson (Eds.), Models of counseling gifted children, adolescents, and young adults (pp. 97-126). Waco, TX: Prufrock Press Inc.
  • Reis, S. M., & McCoach, D. B. (2000). The underachievement of gifted students: What do we know and where do we go? Gifted Child Quarterly, 44(3), 152–170. doi:10. 1177/001698620004400302.
  • Reynolds, W. M., & Mazza, J. J. (1999). Assessment of suicidal ideation in inner-city children and young adolescents: Reliability and validity of the suicidal ideation questionnaire-JR. School Psychology Review, 28 (1), 17–30. doi: 10.1080/02796015.1999.12085945.
  • Rotigel, J. V. (2003). Understanding the young gifted child: Guidelines for parents, families, andeducators. Early Childhood Education Journal, 30(4), 209-214. doi: 10.1023/A:1023331422963.
  • Sedillo, P. J. (2015). Gay gifted adolescent suicide and suicidal ideation literature: Research barriers and limitations. Gifted Child Today, 38(2), 114-120. doi: 10.1177/1076217514568557.
  • Shneidman, E. S. (1971). Perturbation and lethality as precursors of suicide in a gifted group. Suicide and Life‐Threatening Behavior, 1(1), 23-45. doi: 10.1111/j.1943-278X.1971.tb00597.x.
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  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu [Turkish Statistical Institute] (2011). İntihar istatistikleri [Suicide Statistics]. Retrieved from http://www.tuik.gov.tr/Kitap.do?metod=KitapDetay&KT_ID=11&KITAP_ID=23.
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Üstün Yetenekli Bireyler ve İntihar: Literatür İnceleme Çalışması

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2, 459 - 480, 01.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.21565/ozelegitimdergisi.762427

Öz

Giriş: Ölüm, insanoğlu için başa çıkılması gereken en zor olgulardan birisidir. Kişinin kendi kendine hayatına son vermesi anlamına gelen intihar olgusu söz konusu olduğunda ise durum daha da zorlaşmaktadır. Üstün yetenekli bireylerin ise akranlarından farklılaşan özelliklerinden dolayı intihar olgusuna ilişin yaklaşımlarını bilmek önemlidir. Bu doğrultuda çalışmada üstün yetenekliler açısından intihar olgusunun anlaşılması amacıyla alanyazında yer alan çalışmaların değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Doküman incelemesi yöntemi kullanılarak yürütülen çalışmada herhangi bir yıl sınırlaması bulunmaksızın başlığında “intihar/suicide” ve “üstün yetenekli/gifted” kelimelerini bir arada bulunduran çalışmalar YÖK tez tarama, SCOPUS, ERIC, WOS ve ULAKBİM veri tabanları taranarak incelenmiştir.
Bulgular: Araştırmanın nitel bulgularına göre intihar olgusunun anlamlandırılması, üstünlük ile doğrudan bağlantılı faktörler (etiketlenme, karmaşıklık, olumsuz mükemmeliyetçilik vb.) ve kişisel faktörler (sosyal ve romantik ilişki kurma, duygusal problemler vb.) üstün yeteneklilerin intiharına ilişkin uyarı işaretleri olarak dikkatle ele alınmalıdır. Önlemek için ise etkili değerlendirme, güven veren bir ortam, paydaşları ve üstün yeteneklileri bilinçlendirme çalışmaları yapılması gerekliliği ön plana çıkmaktadır.
Tartışma: Üstün yetenekli ve normal gelişim gösteren bireylerin intihar olgusuna bakış açıları açısından net bir ayrım yapmak için yeterli deneysel kanıt bulunmamaktadır. Ancak, ilgili çalışmalar üstün yeteneklilerin normal gelişim gösteren bireylere göre daha fazla risk faktörleri ile karşı karşıya olduklarına işaret etmektedir. Çünkü üstün yetenekli bireyler, hem normal gelişim gösteren bireylerin mustarip olabileceği genel risk faktörlerinden hem de “üstün” olmaları nedeni ile oluşabilecek olumsuz faktörlerden (etiketlenme, aşırı duyarlılık, olumsuz mükemmeliyetçilik vb.) etkilenebilirler. Bu doğrultuda çalışmada ailelere, akranlara, öğretmenlere ve yöneticilere yardımcı olabilecek bilgiler ve öneriler sunulmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • American Foundation for Suicide Prevention (2014). Facts and figures. Retrieved from https://www.afsp.org/understanding-suicide/facts-and-figures.
  • Akar, İ. (2010). İlköğretim kademesindeki üstün yetenekli öğrencilerin rehberlik gereksinimlerinin ebeveynlerin ve öğretmenlerin görüşlerine dayalı olarak belirlenmesi [Determination of the primary school gifted and talented students’ guidance needs based on their parents’ and teachers’ views] (Yüksek lisans tezi). Yükseköğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezinden edinilmiştir. (Tez Numarası: 258108)
  • Altun, F., & Yazıcı, H. (2018). Türkiye’deki üstün yetenekli öğrencilerin psikolojik danışma ve rehberlik ihtiyaçları. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Özel Eğitim Dergisi, 19(2), 355-378. doi: 10.21565/ozelegitimdergisi.339056.
  • Apistola, M. (2017). Suicidality and giftedness: A literatüre review. doi:10.2139/ssrn.2947880.
  • Arsel, C. O. (2010). İntihar olasılığı ve cinsiyet: iletişim becerileri, cinsiyet rolleri, sosyal destek ve umutsuzluk açısından bir değerlendirme [Suicide probability and gender: Evaluation in terms of interpersonal style, sex roles, social support and hopelessness] (Yüksek lisans tezi). Yükseköğretim Kurulu Ulusal Tez Merkezinden edinilmiştir. (Tez Numarası: 273303)
  • Baker, J. A. (1995). Depression and suicidal ideation among academically gifted adolescents. Gifted Child Quarterly, 39(4), 218–223. doi: 10.1177/001698629503900405.
  • Cassady, J. C., & Cross, T. L. (2006). A factorial representation of suicidal ideation among academically gifted adolescents. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 29(3), 290-304. doi: 10.1177/016235320602900303.
  • Chen, X., Fan, X., Wu, J., & Cheung, H. Y. (2020). Factors related to suicidal cognitions of academically gifted students in the chinese social–cultural context: An exploratory study. Gifted Child Quarterly, 64(3), 204-218. doi: 10.1177/0016986220923665.
  • Cross, T. (1996a). Social/Emotional needs: Examining claims about gifted children and suicide. Gifted Child Today, 19(1), 46-48.
  • Cross, T. (1996b). Social/Emotional needs: Psychological autopsy provides insight into gifted adolescent suicide. Gifted Child Today, 19(3), 22-50.
  • Cross, T. L. (2012). Social-Emotional Needs: A school-based approach to preventing suicide among students with gifts and talents. Gifted Child Today, 35(2), 144-145.
  • Cross, T. (2013). Suicide among gifted children and adolescents: Understanding the suicidal mind. Waco, TX: Prufrock Press Inc.
  • Cross, T. L. (2016). Social and emotional development of gifted students: The role of contagion in suicidal behavior among students with gifts and talents. Gifted Child Today, 39(1), 63-66. doi: 10.1177/1076217515597272.
  • Cross, T. L., & Andersen, L. (2015). Depression and suicide among gifted students. In M. Neihart, S. Pfeiffer, & T. L. Cross (Eds.), The social and emotional development of gifted children: What do we know? (2nd ed., pp. 79–90). Waco, TX: Prufrock Press.
  • Cross, T. L., Cassady, J. C., & Miller, K. A. (2006). Suicide ideation and personality characteristics among gifted adolescents. Gifted Child Quarterly, 50(4), 295-306. doi: 10.1177/001698620605000403.
  • Cross, T. L., Cook, R. S., & Dixon, D. N. (1996). Psychological autopsies of three academically talented adolescents who committed suicide. Journal of Secondary Gifted Education, 7(3), 403-409. doi: 10.1177/1932202X9600700305.
  • Cross, T. L., & Cross, J. R. (2017). Suicide among students with gifts and talents. In S. Pfeiffer, M. Foley-Nicpon, & E. Shaunessy-Dedrick (Eds.), American Psychological Association handbook of giftedness and talent (pp. 601–614). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
  • Cross, T. L., & Cross, J. R. (2020). An ecological model of suicidal behavior among students with gifts and talents. High Ability Studies, 1-19. doi:10.1080/13598139.2020.1733391.
  • Cross, T. L., Gust-Brey, K., & Ball, P. B. (2002). A psychological autopsy of the suicide of an academically gifted student: Researchers' and parents' perspectives. Gifted Child Quarterly, 46(4), 247-264. doi: 10.1177/001698620204600402.
  • Çepni, S. (2010). Araştırma ve proje çalışmalarına giriş [Introduction to research and project studies]. 5. Baskı. Trabzon: Celepler Matbaacılık.
  • Çetin, A., & Ünsal, S. (2020). Özel yetenekli öğrenciyi anlamak: Bir durum çalışması [Understanding a gifted student: A case study]. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Özel Eğitim Dergisi, 21(1), 123-148. doi: 10.21565/ozelegitimdergisi.521678.
  • Davidson, L., & Linnoila, M. (1991). Risk factors foryouth suicide. Rockville: Hemisphere Publishing. Davis, G. A., Rimm, A. B., & Siegle, D. (2011). Gifted education: Matching instruction with needs. In J. W. Johnston (Ed.), Education of the gifted and talented (pp. 1-30). NJ: Pearson Education.
  • Delisle, J. R. (1986). Death with honors: Suicide among gifted adolescents. Journal of Counseling and Development, 64(9), 558-560.
  • Dixon, D. N., & Scheckel, J. R. (1996). Gifted adolescent suicide: The empirical base. Journal of Secondary Gifted Education, 7(3), 386-392. doi: 10.1177/1932202X9600700303.
  • Eskin, M. (2003). İntihar- Açıklama, değerlendirme, tedavi ve önleme. Risk etmenleri: Tanım ve anlama [Suicide-Description, evaluation, treatment and prevention. Risk factors: Definition and understanding] (Bölüm 1). Ankara, sf. 3-28.
  • Gust‐Brey, K., & Cross, T. (1999). An examination of the literature base on the suicidal behaviors of gifted students. Roeper Review, 22(1), 28-35. doi: 10.1080/02783199909553994.
  • Hayes, M. L., & Sloat, R. S. (1989). Gifted students at risk for suicide. Roeper Review, 12(2), 102-107. doi: 10.1080/02783198909553245.
  • Hyatt, L. (2010). A case study of the suicide of a gifted female adolescent: Implications for prediction and prevention. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 33(4), 514-535. doi: 10.1177/016235321003300404.
  • Lajoie, S. P., & Shore, B. M. (1981). Three myths? The over-representation of the gifted among dropouts, delinquents, and suicides. Gifted Child Quarterly, 25(3), 138-143. doi: 10.1177/001698628102500312.
  • Lester, D. (1991a). Completed suicide in the gifted: A late comment on" Suicide among gifted women." Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100(4), 604-606. doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.100.4.604.
  • Lester, D. (1991b). Childhood predictors of later suicide: Follow‐up of a sample of gifted children. Stress Medicine, 7(2), 129-131. doi: 10.1002/smi.2460070214.
  • Martin, L. T., Burns, R. M., & Schonlau, M. (2010). Mental disorders among gifted and nongifted youth: A selected review of the epidemiologic literature. Gifted Child Quarterly, 54(1), 31–41. doi: 10.1177/0016986209352684.
  • Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı [Ministry of National Education] (2003). Okullarımızda intihar ve suç araştırma raporu [Suicide and crime investigation report in our schools]. Özel Eğitim Rehberlik ve Danışma Hizmetleri Genel Müdürlüğü. Ankara: Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı.
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative data analysis: An expanded sourcebook. (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA:Sage Publication.
  • Oğurlu, Ü., & Yaman, Y. (2013). Ebeveynlerin üstün zekalı ve yetenekli çocukları ile ilgili rehberlik ihtiyaçları [Counseling and guidance needs of gifted students in Turkey]. Türk Üstün Zeka ve Eğitim Dergisi, 3(2), 81-94. doi: 10.21565/ozelegitimdergisi.339056.
  • Oltmanns, F. T., & Emery, R. E. (1995). Abnormal psychology. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall. Inc.
  • Özbay, Y., & Palancı, M. (2011). Üstün yetenekli çocuk ve ergenlerin psikososyal özellikleri [Psychosocial characteristics of gifted children and adolecents]. Sakarya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(0), 89-108.
  • Özsoy, S. D., & Eşel, E. (2003). İntihar (Özkıyım) [Suicide (Self-slaughter)]. Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi, 4(3), 175-185.
  • Peterson, J. S. (2007). A developmental perspective. In S. Mendaglio & J. S. Peterson (Eds.), Models of counseling gifted children, adolescents, and young adults (pp. 97-126). Waco, TX: Prufrock Press Inc.
  • Reis, S. M., & McCoach, D. B. (2000). The underachievement of gifted students: What do we know and where do we go? Gifted Child Quarterly, 44(3), 152–170. doi:10. 1177/001698620004400302.
  • Reynolds, W. M., & Mazza, J. J. (1999). Assessment of suicidal ideation in inner-city children and young adolescents: Reliability and validity of the suicidal ideation questionnaire-JR. School Psychology Review, 28 (1), 17–30. doi: 10.1080/02796015.1999.12085945.
  • Rotigel, J. V. (2003). Understanding the young gifted child: Guidelines for parents, families, andeducators. Early Childhood Education Journal, 30(4), 209-214. doi: 10.1023/A:1023331422963.
  • Sedillo, P. J. (2015). Gay gifted adolescent suicide and suicidal ideation literature: Research barriers and limitations. Gifted Child Today, 38(2), 114-120. doi: 10.1177/1076217514568557.
  • Shneidman, E. S. (1971). Perturbation and lethality as precursors of suicide in a gifted group. Suicide and Life‐Threatening Behavior, 1(1), 23-45. doi: 10.1111/j.1943-278X.1971.tb00597.x.
  • Shneidman, E. S. (1986). Some essentials of suicide and some implications for response. Suicide. A Roy (Ed.), Baltimore, Williams and Wilkins, s.1-16.
  • Stillion, J. M., & McDowell, E. E. (1994). Suicide across the life span. Washington, DC: Taylor & Francis.
  • Trujillo, A. (2018). Academic, social and emotional perceptions of gifted and talented students in the elementary setting. Abilene Christian University, Masters of Education in Teaching and Learning, 2. https://digitalcommons.acu.edu/metl/2.
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu [Turkish Statistical Institute] (2011). İntihar istatistikleri [Suicide Statistics]. Retrieved from http://www.tuik.gov.tr/Kitap.do?metod=KitapDetay&KT_ID=11&KITAP_ID=23.
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu [Turkish Statistical Institute] (2013). Hanehalkı bilişim teknolojileri kullanım araştırması [Research of household information technology usage]. Retrieved from http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=13569.
  • Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu [Turkish Statistical Institute] (2020). İntihar sayısı ve kaba intihar hızı [Suicide rate and crude suicide rate]. Retrieved from http://www.tuik.gov.tr/UstMenu.do?metod=temelist.
  • Uran, P. (2019). İntihar girişimi nedeniyle konsülte edilen çocuk ve ergenlerin psikopatojilerinin sosyodemografik ve intihar davranışı özelliklerinin çok yönlü değerlendirilmesi [Multidimentional assessment of the psychopathologies sociodemographic and suicide behavior characteristics of the children and adolescents referred for attempting suicide]. Akdeniz Tıp Dergisi, 5(1), 94-103. doi: 10.17954/amj.2018.140.
  • Weisse, D. E. (1990). Gifted adolescents and suicide. The School Counselor, 37(5), 351-358.
  • White, J. (2016). Preventing youth suicide: A guide for practitioners. Victoria, British Columbia: Ministry of Children and Family Development. Retrieved from https://www2.gov.bc.ca/assets/gov/health/managing-your-health/mental-health-substance-use/child-teen-mental-health/preventing_youth_suicide_practitioners_guide.pdf.
  • World Health Organization (2000). Mental and behavioural disorders department of mental health. https://www.who.int/mental_health/media/en/426.pdf.
  • World Health Organization (2017). More than 1.2 million adolescents die every year, nearly all preventable. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2017/yearly-adolescent-deaths/en/
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2011). Sosyal bilimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri [Research methods in social sciences]. Ankara: Seçkin Yayınları.
  • Yoo, J. E., & Moon, S. M. (2006). Counseling needs of gifted students: An analysis of intake forms at a university-based counseling center. Gifted Child Quarterly, 50(1), 52-61. doi: 10.1177/001698620605000106.
Toplam 57 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Eda Demirhan 0000-0001-9414-0431

Ayça Köksal Konik 0000-0001-6726-8739

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Haziran 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Demirhan, E., & Köksal Konik, A. (2022). Üstün Yetenekli Bireyler ve İntihar: Literatür İnceleme Çalışması. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Özel Eğitim Dergisi, 23(2), 459-480. https://doi.org/10.21565/ozelegitimdergisi.762427




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