Poliüretan nanofiber ve toz takviyelerinin karbon fiber ve fiberglas kompozitlerin mekanik özellikleri üzerine etkisinin karşılaştırması

Öz

Bu çalışmada, elektrospinning yöntemi ile üretilen poliüretan (PU) nanofiber mat, fiberglas (FG) ve karbon fiber (CF) polimer kompozitlerde matrise ilave dolgu maddesi olarak kullanıldı. Ayrıca mekanik özellikleri sepiolit ve SiO2 toz takviyeli kompozitlerle karşılaştırılmıştır. Kompozitlerin mekanik özellikleri çekme ve eğilme testleri kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Bunun yanında, kompozitin morfolojisi mikroskopi teknikleriyle değerlendirildi. Bulgular, nanofiber katkılı FG ve CF kompozitin, takviyesiz ve rakip kompozitlere kıyasla en az %30 kadar daha yüksek çekme mukavemetine sahip olduğunu göstermektedir; gerilme mukavemeti, FG-Nanofiberler için 135 MPa ve CF-Nanofiberler için 134 MPa bulundu. Öte yandan, eğme analizi, toz dolgu maddesinin işlenmemiş kompozite karşı en az 2.5 kat daha zayıf eğilme gerilimine sahip olduğunu gösterdi. Bununla birlikte, FG-Nanofiberler ve CF-Nanofiberler sırasıyla 197 MPa ve 553 MPa eğme mukavemetine ulaştı. Nanofiber katkılı kompozitlerin daha iyi mekanik özellikleri göstermesi, farklı yönlerden tüm yükleri destekleyen nanoliflerin rastgele dağılımından kaynaklanmaktadır. Kompozitlerin enine kesit analizi sonucunda, tozların heterojen olarak dağıldığını ve bazı yerlerde bir miktar aglomerasyon gözlemlendiğini gösterdi. Genel olarak, PU nanoliflerin eklenmesinin kompozitlerin mekanik özelliklerini arttırdığı ve CF kompozitleri için çekme mukavemetini katkısız kompozite göre en az 3 katı artırtığı bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Nanofiber
• Poliüretan
• Cam elyafı
• Karbon fiber
• Kompozit

A comparative study of the effect of polyurethane nanofiber and powders filler on the mechanical properties of carbon fiber and glass fiber composites

Abstract

In this study, the polyurethane (PU) nanofibers mat produced by electrospinning method was used as filler in the polymer composites; fiberglass (FG) and carbon fiber (CF) were employed as reinforcement materials. Moreover, their mechanical properties were compared to sepiolite and SiO2 powder reinforced composites. The mechanical properties of composites were evaluated using tensile and flexural tests. Moreover, the morphology of composite was assessed by microscopy techniques. The findings show that the nanofiber-doped FG and CF composite had at least 30% higher tensile strength compared to unreinforced and rival composites; the tensile strength was 135 MPa for FG-Nanofibers and 134 MPa for CF-Nanofibers. On the other hand, the flexural analysis showed that the powders filler had poor flexural stress against untreated composite. However, the flexural strength of FGNanofibers and CF-Nanofibers reached 197 MPa and 553 MPa, respectively. The better mechanical properties of nanofiber doped composites were due principally to the random distribution of nanofibers which support all loads from different directions. The crosssection analysis of composites demonstrated that the powders were distributed heterogeneously and some agglomeration was observed at some locations. Generally speaking, it can be concluded that the addition of PU nanofibers increased the mechanical properties of composites, and the tensile strength was at least 3 times higher for CF composites compared to untreated composite.

Keywords

• Nanofiber
• Polyurethane
• Glass fiber
• Carbon fiber
• Composite.

Kaynakça

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