Otonom fotovoltaik panel yüzey temizleme robotu geliştirilmesi ve temizleme aralığının enerji verimliliği üzerine analizi

Öz

Ülkemizin yerli ve yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarından mümkün olan en yüksek düzeyde yararlanma hedefi sonucu Güneş Enerji Santrali yatırımları her geçen gün artmaktadır. Fotovoltaik (Photovoltaic-PV) sistemlerde panel verimini etkileyen unsurlardan biri de panelin yüzey kirliliğidir. PV panellerin çevresel etkenlerle yüzey kirliliğinin artması kaçınılmazdır. Panellerin bulunduğu arazi yapıları, dizilim şekilleri, kirleticilerin yapısal/kimyasal özellikleri gibi pek çok parametre PV panel yüzeylerinin temizlenme ihtiyacını ve periyotlarını etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmada, PV panel dizilerinin yüzeylerindeki kir, toz vb. maddelerin temizlenmesi işlemini otonom olarak gerçekleştiren bir temizleme robotu geliştirilmiştir. Geliştirilen robotun özellikleri arasında; (i) yağmurlu havalarda gerekmesi halinde otonom çalışma moduna geçme, (ii) meteorolojik verilere göre temizleme kararı sayesinde saf su tasarrufu, (iii) toz sensörü verisine göre temizlik için karar verme, (iv) geliştirilen mobil uygulama üzerinden durum izleme ve kontrol gibi özellikler yer almaktadır. Geliştirilen robotun farklı çalışma periyotlarında temizleme işlemini gerçekleştirmesinin PV panel verimliliğine etkisi incelenmiştir. Böylece en verimli temizleme periyodunun hem panel verimi hem de robotun harcadığı saf su açısından analizi de gerçekleştirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Güneş enerji santrali
• PV panel enerji verimliliği
• PV panel yüzey temizleme robotu

Development of autonomous photovoltaic panel surface cleaning robot and analyzing of cleaning interval on energy efficiency

Abstract

Solar Power Plant investments are increasing on a daily basis, as part of a strategy to maximize the use of Turkey's domestic and renewable energy resources. One of the factors affecting the efficiency of a photovoltaic (PV) panel is also surface pollution. It is inevitable to increase the surface pollution of PV panels with environmental factors. Many parameters such as the location of PV panels, fixing patterns, the structural/chemical properties of the pollutants affect the frequency of cleaning periods of the PV panels. In this study, a PV panel surface cleaning robot is developed. It performs autonomously cleaning of substances including dirt, dust on PV panel surfaces. Some features of the developed autonomous robot are; (i) switching to autonomous operating mode if it is needed on rainy days, (ii) pure water-saving thanks to the cleaning decision based on the meteorological data, (iii) determining the cleaning operation based on the dust sensor data, (iv) condition monitoring and control via the developed mobile application. Moreover, the cleaning interval on the PV panel efficiency was investigated. Thus, optimum cleaning intervals were determined in terms of both PV panel energy efficiency and pure water-consuming of the designed robot.

Keywords

• Solar power plant
• PV panel energy efficiency
• PV panel surface cleaning robot

Kaynakça

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