Kentsel katı atıkların ve kentsel atıksu arıtma çamurlarının birlikte pirolizi ve sıvı ürün karakterizasyonu

Öz

Kentsel katı atıkların (KKA) ve kentsel atıksu arıtma çamurlarının (AÇ) depolanan miktarlarının azaltılması hem son yıllarda oldukça gündemde olan döngüsel ekonomi kavramı açısından, hem de KKA ve AÇ’lerin daha dikkatli yönetilmesi açısından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Piroliz yöntemi bu atıkların birlikte arıtılmasını sağlamak için kullanılabilecek en uygun yöntemlerden birisidir. Bu çalışmada, KKA ve AÇ’lerin birlikte piroliz edilmesiyle atıkların faydalı ürünlere dönüştürülmesi irdelenmiş ve elde edilen sıvı ürünün karakterizasyonu yapılmıştır. Örnekler her iki atık türünden farklı miktarlarda (ağırlıkça %25-75 oranlarında) karıştırılarak hazırlanmıştır. Piroliz öncesi hazırlanan analitik örneklerin nem, kül, uçucu madde, sabit karbon ve element kompozisyonu (C, H, O, N, S) tespit edilmiştir. Ağırlıkça farklı oranlarda hazırlanan analitik örneklerin 400°C’de birlikte pirolizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Birlikte piroliz sonrası elde edilen sıvı ürünlerin karakterizasyonu için elementel, ısıl değer, FT-IR ve 1H-NMR analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, en yüksek sıvı ürün verimi M1 kodlu (%25 KKA ve %75 AÇ’nin karışımı ile hazırlanan) analitik örnekte gözlenmiştir. Genel olarak tüm piroliz sıvı ürünlerinde, büyük kısmın alifatik bileşiklerden oluştuğu tespit edilmiştir. Sürdürülebilir kentsel katı atık yönetimi için her iki atığın da depolama sahalarına gönderilmesi yerine birlikte piroliz edilerek katma değeri olan ürünler elde edilmesi, çevresel ve ekonomik açıdan katkı sağlayacak bir seçenek olarak görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kentsel atıksu arıtma çamurları
• Kentsel katı atıklar
• Piroliz
• Sıvı ürün

Co-pyrolysis of municipal solid waste and municipal sewage sludge and characterization of liquid product

Abstract

The reduction of the sent to landfill amount of municipal solid waste (MSWs) and municipal sewage sludges (SSs) is of great importance both for the circular economy concept, which has been on the agenda in recent years, and more careful management of MSW and SS. Pyrolysis method is one of the most suitable methods that can be utilized to treat these wastes together. In this study, it was evaluated to convert these wastes into useful products by co-pyrolyzing MSW and SS, and obtained liquid products were characterized. Samples were prepared by mixing different percentages (wt. 25-75%) from these wastes. The values of moisture content, ash content, volatile matter, and fixed carbon of prepared samples before the pyrolysis process were determined. The prepared samples were co-pyrolyzed at 400 °C. Elemental analysis (C, H, O, N, S), heating value measurement, FT-IR, and 1H-NMR analysis were carried out to make the characterization of the obtained liquid products after the co-pyrolysis process. According to analysis results, it was observed that M1 (25% of MSW and 75% of SS) showed the highest liquid yield. For all liquid products, it has been determined that most of the pyrolysis liquid products consist of aliphatic compounds. For sustainable municipal solid waste management, valorizing these wastes together instead of sending them to landfill sites, the co-pyrolysis process converts them to valuable products, it also might be considered an option contributing economic and environmental aspects.

Keywords

• Municipal sewage sludge
• Municipal solid waste
• Pyrolysis
• Liquid product

Kaynakça

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