Üniversite laboratuvarlarında iç ortam çevre kalitesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, farklı amaçlar için kullanılan üniversite laboratuvarlarında iç ortam çevre kalitesi belirlenmiştir. Bu kapsamda, 5 farklı laboratuvarda 8 saat süreyle termal konfor (sıcaklık, rölatif nem, hava hızı, aydınlatma) ve karbon dioksit (CO2) parametreleri ölçülmüş, quartz filtrelere solunabilir partikül (PM4, 4 mikrondan küçük partiküller) örneklemesi yapılmıştır. Filtrede örneklenen tozun kütlesel konsantrasyonları belirlenmiş, daha sonra filtrelere ayrıştırma işlemi uygulanmış ve Grafit Atomik Absorpsiyon Spektrometresi ile Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Ni, Mn ve Pb elementlerinin konsantrasyonları tespit edilmiştir. 8-saatlik ortalama PM4 konsantrasyonlarının 57.0-186.3 µg/m3 aralığında değiştiği belirlenmiş ve en yüksek ortalama konsantrasyon piroliz ve katı atık yakma faaliyetlerinin yapıldığı Lab C’de gözlenmiştir. 8-saatlik ortalama CO2 konsantrasyonlarının 484-666 ppm arasında değiştiği, laboratuvar dersi sırasında CO2 konsantrasyonunun Lab B’de 2000 ppm’e ulaştığı ve limit değeri (1000 ppm) aştığı gözlenmiştir. Laboratuvarlarda 8-saatlik ortalama sıcaklık, rölatif nem, aydınlatma ve hava hızı’nın sırasıyla 22.0-24.0 °C, 21.8-41.2 %, 156-415 Lux ve 0.05-0.10 m/s arasında değiştiği görülmüştür. Tüm laboratuvarlarda aydınlatma seviyelerinin standart ile uyumlu olmadığı görülmüştür (500-750 Lux). Katılımın yüksek olduğu laboratuvar derslerinde pencere veya kapıların açılması CO2 artışını engelleyebilir. Tüm laboratuvarlardaki aydınlatma sistemi iyileştirilmelidir. Havalandırma oranlarını ve partiküllerin filtrasyonunu artırmak için davlumbaz egzoz fan sisteminin kullanılması da tavsiye edilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İç ortam havası
• Üniversite laboratuvarı
• Solunabilir partiküller
• Konfor parametreleri

Indoor environmental quality in the university laboratories

Abstract

This study presents the indoor environmental quality in the university laboratories which are used for different purposes. Within this aim, thermal comfort parameters (temperature, relative humidity, air speed, lighting), carbon dioxide (CO2) were monitored and respirable particles (PM4, smaller than 4 µm) were collected on the quartz filter in five laboratories for 8 hours. The mass concentration of the dust collected on filter were determined, after that the filters were decomposed, and elemental analysis were performed for Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Ni, Mn and Pb elements using by Graphite Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. It was determined that the 8-hour average PM4 concentrations varied between 57.0-186.3 µg/m3 , the highest average PM4 concentration was observed in Lab C where pyrolyze and solid waste combustion activities were performed. It was observed that the average 8-hour CO2 concentrations varied between 484-666 ppm and during the laboratory lesson, CO2 concentration raised to 2000 ppm in Lab B and exceeded the limit value of 1000 ppm. The 8-hour average temperature, relative humidity, lighting, and air velocity in all laboratories changed between 22.0-24.0 0C, 21.8-41.2%, 156-415 Lux and 0.05-0.10 m/s, respectively. We observed that lighting level in the laboratories did not comply with the standard (500-750 Lux). Opening of windows or door might be prevent increasing of CO2 during laboratory lesson with high occupancy. The lighting system in all laboratories should be improved. We also recommend that using of hood exhaust fan system to increase ventilation rates and filtration of particles.

Keywords

• Indoor air
• University laboratory
• Respirable particles
• Comfort parameters

Kaynakça

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