Examination of mechanical and morphological properties of jute/cotton natural fiber reinforced hybrid composites

Abstract

Numerous studies are being conducted on composite products, the use of which is rapidly increasing due to their many superior properties. Manufacturers have tended to use natural fibers in composite making in order to prevent environmental pollution and increase the amount of raw materials. In this study, hybrid composites were produced by using vinyl ester resin as a matrix and natural fiber jute and cotton fabrics as reinforcement material. Manufacturing of composite samples was carried out by VARTM (Vacuum Assisted Resin Transfer Molding). The produced samples were examined mechanically by hardness, tensile, impact tests, and morphologically by scanning electron microscopy analysis. The lowest tensile strength value was 32.25 MPa in the reference cotton (RC) sample, while the highest value was 42.16 MPa in the reference jute (RJ) sample. In the impact test results applied to the samples, it was observed that the RJ sample had the highest impact energy with 51 J, while the lowest value was determined as 43 J in the sample RC. In addition, the water absorption properties of the samples were tested. While the highest water absorption value was found in the RC sample at 7.98%, the lowest water absorption value was observed in the RJ sample at 7.45%. On the other hand, it has been observed that jute and cotton fabrics interact well with vinyl ester resin. Finally, it has been the most important output of the research that the use of jutecotton hybrid composites in many areas of industry, especially automotive, has high potential.

Keywords

• Composite
• Mechanical properties
• Morphology
• Resins
• Biofibers

üt/Pamuk doğal elyaf takviyeli hibrit kompozitlerin mekanik ve morfolojik özelliklerinin incelenmesi

Öz

Pek çok üstün özelliğinden dolayı kullanımı hızla artan kompozit ürünler üzerinde çok sayıda çalışma yapılmaktadır. Üreticiler, çevre kirliliğini önlemek ve hammadde miktarını artırmak amacıyla kompozit yapımında doğal elyaf kullanmaya yönelmişlerdir. Bu çalışmada, matris olarak vinil ester reçinesi ve takviye malzemesi olarak doğal elyaf jüt ve pamuklu kumaşlar kullanılarak hibrit kompozitler üretilmiştir. Kompozit numunelerin üretimi VARTM (Vakum Destekli Reçine Transfer Kalıplama) ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Üretilen numuneler mekanik olarak sertlik, çekme, darbe testleri ile ve morfolojik olarak taramalı elektron mikroskobu analizi ile incelenmiştir. En düşük çekme mukavemeti değeri 32.25 MPa ile referans pamuk (RC) numunesinde, en yüksek değer ise 42.16 MPa ile referans jüt (RJ) numunesinde elde edilmiştir. Numunelere uygulanan darbe testi sonuçlarında RJ numunesinin en yüksek darbe enerjisine 51 J ile sahip olduğu, en düşük değerin ise RC numunesinde 43 J olarak belirlendiği görülmüştür. Ayrıca numunelerin su emme özellikleri test edilmiştir. En yüksek su emme değeri %7.98 ile RC örneğinde bulunurken, en düşük su emme değeri %7.45 ile RJ örneğinde gözlenmiştir. Öte yandan, jüt ve pamuklu kumaşların vinil ester reçinesi ile iyi etkileşime girdiği gözlemlenmiştir. Son olarak jüt-pamuk hibrit kompozitlerin başta otomotiv olmak üzere sanayinin birçok alanında kullanım potansiyelinin yüksek olduğu araştırmanın en önemli çıktısı olmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kompozit
• Mekanik özellikler
• Morfoloji
• Reçineler
• Biyofiberler

Kaynakça

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