Development of open-source software for thermo-economic analysis and optimization of the Organic Rankine Cycle

Abstract

Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is a power cycle widely used in waste heat recovery and geothermal energy applications. It makes electricity generation possible, especially in low heat source applications such as geothermal energy. The design of ORC systems involves various engineering challenges. For this reason, calculations should be performed in a computer environment and should be easily repeatable and verifiable. Studies in this field require the development of engineering software. Since the development of engineering software requires time and financial resources, such tools developed by software companies are offered for commercial use. In the study, a simple educational Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) calculator, which has a user graphical interface, whose source code is publicly available, is not dependent on any platform, and can be downloaded and distributed free of charge, was developed using the Python language. An error rate of less than 10% was achieved by running the developed software under the design conditions of the studies in the literature. The study consists of two main parts. In the first part, the open source program developed is mentioned. In the second part, a multi-purpose process optimization study was carried out using the Pymoo open-source library. LCOE(Levelized cost of energy)- Wnet (Power output) objective functions for R245fa fluid were examined according to the changes of Tsup (Superheating temperature) and Tpp,evap (Evaporator pinch point temperature difference) parameters. Optimum ΔTpp,evap values were determined when the weight function was 30%-70%, 50%-50% and 70%-30%. As a result of this study, the optimum points for 50% minimum LCOE-50% maximum Wnet were determined as 79.8 oC turbine inlet temperature and 6.84 oC ΔTpp,evap. Under these conditions, a net power of 2213 kW and an LCOE of 0.07806 $/kWh were achieved.

Keywords

• Multi-purpose
• NSGA-II
• Open source code
• Optimization
• Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC)
• User graphical interface (GUI)

Organik rankine çevriminin termo-ekonomik analizi ve optimizasyonu için açık kaynak kodlu yazılım geliştirilmesi

Öz

Organik Rankine çevrimi (ORC), atık ısı geri kazanımı ve jeotermal enerji uygulamalarında yaygın kullanılan bir güç çevrimidir. Özellikle jeotermal enerji gibi düşük ısı kaynaklı uygulamalarda elektrik üretimini mümkün kılmaktadır. ORC sistemlerinin tasarımı çeşitli mühendislik zorlukları içermektedir. Bu sebeple hesaplamalar bilgisayar ortamında gerçekleştirilmeli, kolaylıkla tekrarlanabilir ve teyit edilebilir olmalıdır. Bu alandaki çalışmalar mühendislik yazılımlarının geliştirilmesine ihtiyaç duymaktadır. Mühendislik yazılımlarının geliştirilmesi zaman ve maddi kaynak gerektirdiği için yazılım firmaları tarafından geliştirilen bu tür araçlar ticari olarak kullanıma sunulmaktadır. Çalışmada, kullanıcı grafik arayüzüne sahip, kaynak kodu herkesin kullanımına açık olan, herhangi bir platforma bağlı olmayan ve ücretsiz indirilip dağıtılabilen, eğitim amaçlı bir basit Organik Rankine çevrimi (ORC) hesaplayıcısı Python dili kullanılarak geliştirilmiştir. Geliştirilen yazılımın literatürdeki çalışmaların tasarım şartlarında çalıştırılmasıyla %10’un altında bir hata oranına ulaşılmıştır. Çalışma iki ana bölümden oluşmaktadır. İlk bölümde geliştirilen açık kaynaklı programdan bahsedilmiş olup. İkinci bölümde ise Pymoo açık-kaynaklı kütüphanesi kullanılarak çok amaçlı proses optimizasyonu çalışması yürütülmüştür. R245fa akışkanı için LCOE (Seviyelendirilmiş enerji maliyeti)- Wnet (Güç çıktısı) amaç fonksiyonları Tsup(Aşırı kızdırma sıcaklığı) ve ΔTpp,evap (Evaporatör pinch noktası sıcaklık farkı) parametrelerinin değişimine göre incelenmiştir. Ağırlık fonksiyonunun %30-%70; %50-%50; %70-%30 olması durumunda optimum ΔTpp,evap değerleri tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışma sonucunda %50 minimum LCOE-%50 maksimum Wnet için optimum noktalar 79.8 oC türbin giriş sıcaklığı ve 6.84 oC ΔTpp, evap olarak tespit edilmiştir. Bu şartlarda 2213 kW net güce ulaşırken 0.07806 $/kWh LCOE değerine ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Açık kaynak kod
• Çok amaçlı
• Kullanıcı grafik arayüzü (GUI)
• NSGA-II
• Optimizasyon
• Organik rankine çevrimi (ORC)

Kaynakça

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