The role of welding parameters in enhancing joint strength and durability for AISI 1040 and 316 steels

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 31 Sayı: 7, 1125 - 1131, 15.12.2025

Yalçın Yaşar , İbrahim Aslan , Halil Burak Kaybal , Harun Yaka

https://doi.org/10.5505/pajes.2025.74611

Öz

This study evaluates the effects of welding parameters, particularly amperage, on the mechanical properties and microstructures of AISI 1040 and AISI 316 steels joined using Electric Arc Welding (EAW), Metal Inert Gas (MIG), and Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding techniques. Experimental samples were subjected to tensile, bending, and microhardness tests, followed by microstructural analysis using optical microscopy. The results showed that welding amperage significantly influences tensile and bending strengths, as well as hardness values. For AISI 1040 steel, TIG welding at 100 amperes achieved the highest tensile strength (543 MPa) and bending strength (181 N), while EAW at
70 amperes exhibited the lowest values. For AISI 316 stainless steel, MIG welding at 70 amperes yielded the highest tensile strength (491 MPa), and EAW at 90 amperes demonstrated the highest bending strength (150 N). Microhardness analysis indicated that rapid cooling in surface regions increased hardness. Microstructural examination revealed grain refinement and uniformity at optimal amperages, contributing to improved mechanical properties. The study underscores the importance of selecting appropriate welding parameters to enhance joint performance and weld quality.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Welding parameters , AISI 1040 steel , AISI 316 stainless steel , Mechanical properties , Microstructural analysis

AISI 1040 ve 316 çeliklerinde birleşim dayanımı ve dayanıklılığın artırılmasında kaynak parametrelerinin rolü

Öz

Bu çalışma, kaynak parametrelerinin, özellikle akım şiddetinin, Electric Arc Welding (EAW), Metal Inert Gas (MIG) ve Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) kaynak teknikleri ile birleştirilen AISI 1040 ve AISI 316 çeliklerinin mekanik özellikleri ve mikro yapıları üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmektedir. Deneysel örnekler, gerilme, eğilme ve mikrosertlik testlerine tabi tutulmuş ve ardından optik mikroskopi ile mikro yapı analizi yapılmıştır. Sonuçlar, kaynak akımının, gerilme ve eğilme dayanımları ile sertlik değerlerini önemli ölçüde etkilediğini göstermiştir. AISI 1040 çeliği için, 100 amperde yapılan TIG kaynağı en yüksek gerilme dayanımını (543 MPa) ve eğilme dayanımını (181 N) sağlarken, 70 amperde yapılan EAW kaynak işlemi en düşük değerlere sahiptir. AISI 316 paslanmaz çelik için ise, 70 amperde yapılan MIG kaynağı en yüksek gerilme dayanımını (491 MPa), 90 amperde yapılan EAW kaynağı ise en yüksek eğilme dayanımını (150 N) göstermiştir. Mikrosertlik analizi, yüzey bölgelerinde hızlı soğumanın sertliği artırdığını belirtmiştir. Mikroyapı incelemesi, optimal akım şiddetlerinde tane incelmesi ve homojenlik sağlandığını, bunun da mekanik özellikleri iyileştirdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Çalışma, uygun kaynak parametrelerinin seçilmesinin, birleşim performansını ve kaynak kalitesini artırmadaki önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynak parametreleri , AISI 1040 çeliği , AISI 316 paslanmaz çeliği , Mekanik özellikler , Mikroyapı analizleri

Kaynakça

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