Yavaş dalgalı mikroşerit yapılarla iki ve dört yollu Wilkinson güç bölücü tasarımı

Öz

Bu çalışmada, geleneksel Wilkinson güç bölücüsü iletim hatları menderes yapılar ile modifiye edilerek, ardışık olarak iki ve üç kez bağlanmış iki yollu ve iki kez ardışık bağlanmış dört yollu mikroşerit güç bölücü devreleri sunulmaktadır. Tasarımlarda bağıl dielektrik sabiti 10.2 ve yüksekliği 1.27 mm olan RT/Duroid alt tabaka kullanılmış; elektromanyetik simülasyon programı ile frekans cevapları optimize edilmiştir. Güç bölücülerde her bir bağlantı noktasına 100 ohm direnç yerleştirilmiş ve bu sayede izolasyon ile bant genişliğinin artırılması sağlanmıştır. İki kez ardışık bağlanmış iki yollu yapıda 0.17-1.36 GHz bandında ortalama geri dönüş kaybı-14.45 dB, iletim kaybı-3.40 dB ve izolasyon değeri -13.25 dB olarak hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca, 2.24-2.97 GHz frekans bandında geri dönüş kaybı -15.45 dB, iletim kaybı -3.50 dB ve izolasyon değeri -15.93 dB olarak ölçülmüştür. Üç kez ardışık bağlanmış yapıda ise 0.11-1.05 GHz arasında ortalama geri dönüş kaybı-14.73 dB, iletim kaybı -3.38 dB ve izolasyon değeri -12.20 dB; 1.36-2.10 GHz arasında ortalama geri dönüş kaybı -15.21 dB, iletim kaybı -3.54 dB ve izolasyon değeri -15.34 dB; 2.59-3.14 GHz arasında ise ortalama geri dönüş kaybı -17.52 dB, iletim kaybı -3.65 dB ve izolasyon değeri -14.03 dB olarak ölçülmüştür. Dört yollu, iki kez ardışık bağlanmış yapıda ise 0.47-1.17 GHz aralığında ortalama geri dönüş kaybı -20.65 dB, iletim kaybı -6.17 dB ve izolasyon değeri -16.74 dB olarak ölçülmüştür. Tasarlanan devreler imal edilmiş ve simülasyon sonuçlarının ölçüm sonuçlarıyla uyumlu olduğu gözlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Wilkinson güç bölücü
• kaskat bağlı
• iki yollu güç bölücü
• dört yollu güç bölücü
• menderes yapı

Two-and four-way Wilkinson power divider design with slow-wave microstrip structures

Abstract

In this study, conventional Wilkinson power dividers have been modified with meandered transmission line structures, resulting in two-port power dividers with either two or three serial connections and four-port power dividers with two serial connections. A substrate with a relative permittivity of 10.2 and a height of 1.27 mm, RT/Duroid, was used for the designs, and frequency responses were optimized using an electromagnetic simulation program. To enhance isolation and bandwidth, 100-ohm resistors were placed at each connection point in the power dividers. In the two-port configuration with two serial connections, the average return loss was -14.45 dB, insertion loss was -3.40 dB, and isolation was -13.25 dB over the 0.17-1.36 GHz band. Additionally, in the 2.24-2.97 GHz frequency band, the return loss was -15.45 dB, insertion loss was -3.50 dB, and isolation was -15.93 dB. In the three-port configuration with three serial connections, the average return loss was -14.73 dB, insertion loss was -3.38 dB, and isolation was -12.20 dB over the 0.11-1.05 GHz range; -15.21 dB return loss, -3.54 dB insertion loss, and -15.34 dB isolation over the 1.36-2.10 GHz range; and -17.52 dB return loss, -3.65 dB insertion loss, and -14.03 dB isolation over the 2.59-3.14 GHz range. In the four-port configuration with two serial connections, the average return loss was -20.65 dB, insertion loss was -6.17 dB, and isolation was -16.74 dB in the 0.47-1.17 GHz range. The designed circuits were fabricated, and it was observed that the simulation results were consistent with the measurement results.

Keywords

• Wilkinson power divider
• cascade connected power divider
• two-way power divider
• meandered structure

Kaynakça

1. [1] Xu Xin. and Tang X. “A design approach for dual-band wilkinson power divider with two pairs of coupled-line sections”. Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 45, 81–87, 2014.
2. [2] Wilkinson E. J. “An N-way hybrid power divider,” IRE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 8, No. 1, 116–118, 1960.
3. [3] Pozar DM. Microwave Engineering, Third Edition John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005.
4. [4] Imani MS, Hayati M. “Compact Wilkinson power divider with extensive suppression of harmonics, using a combination of trapezoidal, circular and rectangular resonators”. Int. J. Electron. Commun. (AEÜ) 139, 2021.
5. [5] Karimi G, Menbari S. “ A novel Wilkinson power divider using lowpass filter with harmonics suppresion and high fractional bandwith”. Microelectronics Journal 61-69, 2018.
6. [6] Moloudian G, Soltani S, Bahrami S, Buckley JL, O’Flynn B, Lalbakhsh A. “Design and fabrication of a Wilkinson power divider with harmonic suppression for LTE and GSM applications”. Sci Rep 13, 4246, 2023.
7. [7] Liu Y, Sun S, Zhu L. “Design of n-way wideband* filtering power dividers with good port–port isolation”. IEEE transactıons on mıcrowave theory and technıques, vol. 69, no. 7, 2021.
8. [8] Roshani S, Koziel S, Roshani S, Mehr FSH, Szczepanski S. “Design and implementation of a dual-band filtering wilkinson power divider using coupled T-shaped dual-band resonators”. Energies, 15, 1189, 2022.

9. [9] Abdelrahman BM, Ahmed HN, Nashed AI. “A novel tri-band wilkinson power divider for multiband wireless applications”, IEEE microwave and wireless components letters, vol. 27, no. 10, 2017.
10. [10] Younesiraad H, Bemani M, Fozi M. “A novel fully planar quad band Wilkinson power divider”, Int. J. Electron. Commun. (AEÜ) 74 75–82, 2017.
11. [11] Li JL, Qu SW, Xue Q. “Capacitively loaded Wilkinson power divider with size reduction and harmonic suppression”. Microwave and optical technology letters vol. 49, no. 11, November 2007.
12. [12] Lotfi S, Roshani S, Roshani S. “Design of a miniaturized planar microstrip Wilkinson power divider with harmonic cancellation”. Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences Vol 28 no 6, 2020.
13. [13] Kumar M, Islam SKN, Sen G, Parui SK, Das S. “Miniaturization of dual-band Wilkinson power divider using dual transmission line”. IEEE Applied Electromagnetics Conference (AEMC), Aurangabad, India, 2017, pp. 1-2, 2017.
14. [14] Phan HP, Vuong TP, Nguyen TT, Luong MH, Iitsuka Y, Hoang MH. “Simple miniaturized Wilkinson power divider using a compact stub structure”. International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Communications (ATC), 2015.
15. [15] Imani MA, Shama F, Alirezapoori M, Haghiri S, Ghadrdan A. “Ultra-Miniaturized Wilkinson Power Divider with Harmonics Suppression for Wireless Applications”. Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, 33:14, 1920-1932, 2019.
16. [16] Karpuz C, Gorur AK, Cakir M, Cengiz A, Gorur A. “Compact Wilkinson power dividers based on narrow slits loaded transmission lines”. IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium (RWS), Las Vegas, NV, USA, 2023, pp. 174-177, 2023.
17. [17] Karpuz C, Cakir M, Gorur AK, Gorur A. “Design of n-way Wilkinson power dividers with new input/output arrangements for power-halving operations”. Appl. Sci., 13(11), 6852, 2023.
18. [18] Watkins GT. “A 1:8 cascaded Wilkinson power divider”. 44th European Microwave Conference pp. 219-222, Rome, Italy, 2014.
19. [19] Forte GGS, Fontgalland G, Silva HS. “Polarization detection of electromagnetic waves using cascaded wilkinson power dividers”. IEEE microwave and wireless components letters, vol. 30, no. 8, 2020.
20. [20] Osman SAM, El-Tager AME, Abdelghany FI, Hafez IM. “Two-Way Modified Wilkinson Power Divider for UWB Applications Using Two Sections of Unequal Electrical Lengths”. Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 68, 221-233, 2016.
21. [21] Da K , Yi-Hsin P , Hsin-Hao C, “A Compact Wilkinson Power Divider/Combiner with Two-Section Coupled Lines for Harmonics Suppression” Proceedings of APMC 2012, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Dec. 4-7, 2012