Optimization of 3D scanner parameters used to develop prosthetic hands of amputee patients

Abstract

Especially for amputees, the design of a tailor-made prosthesis requires anthropometric data collection. This process is quite demanding and time-consuming when using conventional methods like a tape measure. Instead, 3D scanning technologies, which have come into our lives with the boosting of digital technology, enable anthropometric data to be acquired rapidly and precisely. Nevertheless, so many parameter settings are presented to users that grasping them takes a long time with this technology. Among these parameters, which depend on surrounding conditions or software, texture capture color, pattern type, mesh density, and clean-up can be considered the most commonly encountered software parameters. The effects of these parameters in generating the most appropriate computer-aided design (CAD) model remain uncertain. Besides, users typically gain experience by trying diverse variations in these parameters over time. Therefore, this study scrutinized the parameters of the least defective CAD model created for ultimate patient comfort in prosthesis design. 3D models of the plaster cast obtained from an amputated hand were made by changing the parameters in various combinations using a 3D scanner based on structural light scanning technology. The variety and quantities of defects occurring on the models were determined, and skewness, one of the mesh analysis methods, was calculated. As a result, the least defect and best mesh distributions were achieved with black texture capture, the scanning angle with a 10-degree increment, the focus pattern, 75% mesh density, and high clean-up. This study is anticipated to contribute to 3D scanner users producing models practically and precisely.

Keywords

• Amputated hand
• 3D scanning and modeling
• 3D scanner parameters
• Mesh analysis
• Prosthetic hand design

Ampute hastalarin protez ellerinin geliştirilmesinde kullanılan 3B tarayıcı parametrelerinin optimizasyonu

Öz

Kişiye özel protez tasarlamak özellikle ampute kişiler için antropometrik verilerin alınmasını gerektirir. Bu süreç mezura gibi konvansiyonel yöntemlerle gerçekleştirildiğinde oldukça zaman alıcı ve zahmetlidir. Bunun yerine dijital teknolojinin ivme kazanmasıyla ile hayatımıza giren 3B tarama teknolojileri antropometrik verilerin hızlı ve hassas bir şekilde alınmasını sağmaktadır. Yine de bu teknoloji ile kullanıcılara o kadar çok parameter ayarı sunulmuştur ki bunları kavramak zaman alıcıdır. Çevre koşullarına veya yazılıma bağlı olan bu parametreler arasında doku yakalama rengi, desen çeşidi, ağ yoğunluğu ve kusurları temizleme en sık karşılaşılan yazılım parametreleri olarak sayılabilir. Bu parametrelerin en uygun bilgisayar destekli tasarım (CAD) modeli oluşturmada etkileri ise henüz belirsizliğini korumaktadır. Bunun yanında kullanıcılar genellikle bu parametrelerdeki çeşitli varyasayonları zaman içerisinde deneyerek tecrübe kazanmaktadır. Bu sebeple, bu çalışma protez tasarımında hasta konforunu maksimize etmek için meydana getirilen en az kusurlu CAD modelinin parametrelerini araştırmıştır. Ampute bir kişinin elinden alınan alçı kalıbı, yapısal ışık tarama teknolojisini dayanan 3B’lu tarayıcı vasıtasıyla çeşitli kombinasyonlarda parametreler değiştirilerek 3B’lu modelleri oluşturulmuştur. Modeller üzerinde oluşan kusur türleri ve miktarları belirlenerek mesh analizi yöntemlerinden birisi olan skewness hesaplanmıştır. Sonuç olarak siyah renk doku, 10 derecelik tarama açısı, odak desen tipi, %75 ağ yoğunluğu ve yüksek temizleme ile en az kusurlu ve en iyi mesh dağılımları elde edilmiştir. Bu çalışma sayesinde 3B tarama kullanıcılarının daha pratik ve hassas modeller üretmesine katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ampute el
• 3B tarama ve modelleme
• 3B tarayıcı parametreleri
• Mesh analizi
• Protez el tasarımı

Kaynakça

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