Mineral chemistry, thermodynamic evolution, and crystallization history of late miocene volcanic rocks around posof (Ardahan, Türkiye)

Öz

This study aimed to constrain the crystallization and emplacement conditions of magmas that produced the Late Miocene volcanic rocks exposed at the junction of the Erzurum-Kars Plateau and the Eastern Pontides in the Northeastern Anatolia Region through a series of thermobarometric analyses. The volcanic succession unconformably overlies Oligocene mudstone, siltstone, and sandstone alternations, with limestone and cherty limestone at higher levels. Petrographically, they consist of fine- to coarse-grained basalt, basaltic andesite, and andesite. Mineral compositions include plagioclase (An16-77), clinopyroxene (Wo39-45En43-50Fs11-12), orthopyroxene (Wo3-4En73-82Fs14-24), olivine (Fo63-86), hornblende (Mg#=0.62-0.79), and Fe-Ti oxides (Usp0.05-1.44, Ilm94.10-95.53). The groundmass comprises microlites of these minerals and volcanic glass. The dominant textures are microlitic porphyritic, hyalo-microlitic, and microlitic porphyritic, while glomeroporphyritic, intergranular, pilotaxitic, subophitic, flow, and vesicular textures are also observed. Widely present disequilibrium features, such as zoning, sieve, and resorption, are common in plagioclase and clinopyroxene. Thermobarometric calculations indicate crystallization temperatures of 880-1230°C, pressures of 0.73-8.71 kbar, oxygen fugacities between (-10.94) and (-8.92), and water contents of 4.60-6.32 wt.%. These results suggest that the volcanic rocks crystallized under volatile-rich, oxidizing conditions across a broad depth range (~2-32 km), at relatively high temperatures.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Late Miocene
• Mineral Chemistry
• Geothermobarometer
• Disequilibrium Crystallization

Posof (Ardahan, Türkiye) civarindaki üst miyosen yaşli volkanik kayaçlarin mineral kimyasi, termodinamik gelişimi ve kristallenme tarihçesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Kuzeydoğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde Erzurum-Kars Platosu ile Doğu Pontidler’in kesişim noktasında yüzeylenen Üst Miyosen yaşlı volkanik kayaçları oluşturan magmaların kristallenme ve yerleşim koşulları çeşitli termobarometrik hesaplamalar yardımıyla belirlenmiştir. Bu volkanikler Oligosen yaşlı kiltaşı, silttaşı ve kumtaşı ardalanması ile üst seviyelerinde kireçtaşı ve çörtlü kireçtaşlarından oluşan birim üzerine uyumsuz olarak yerleşir. Petrografik olarak; ince iri taneli bazalt, bazaltik andezit ve andezitlerden oluşurlar. Bu kayaçlar; plajiyoklaz (An16-77), klinopiroksen (Wo39-45En43-50Fs11-12), ortopiroksen (Wo3-4En73-82Fs14-24), olivin (Fo63-86), hornblend (Mg#0.62-0.79) ve Fe-Ti oksit (Usp0.05-1.44, İlm94.10-95.53) minerallerinden ibarettir. Kayaç hamuru tüm bu minerallerin mikrolitleri ve volkan camından meydana gelir. Mikrolitik porfirik, hyalo-mikrolitik ve mikrolitik porfirik doku genel dokuyu oluştururken, glomeroporfirik, intergranüler, pilotaksitik, subofitik, akma ve vesiküler dokular özel dokuları oluşturur. Plajiyoklaz ve klinopiroksenlerde gözlenen zonlanma, elek ve kemirilme dokuları dengesizlik dokulardır. Termobarometrik hesaplamalara göre volkanik kayaçların kristallenme sıcaklıkları 880-1230°C, basınçları 0.73-8.71 kbar, oksijen fugasitesi (-10.94) ile (-8.92) arasında ve su içeriği % 4.60-6.32 arasında değişmektedir. Sonuç olarak incelenen volkanik kayaçların; uçucularca zengin, yüksek oksidasyon koşullarında sığ ile derin kabuksal derinliklerde yüksek sıcaklıklarda (~2–32 km) oluştuğu söylenebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Üst Miyosen
• Mineral Kimyası Jeotermobarometre
• Dengesiz Kristallenme
• Posof

Kaynakça

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