Post-pandemic strategic evaluation of food supply chains using hybrid decision models

Öz

The increasing complexity and disruptions in global food supply chains (FSCs), particularly after COVID-19, have emphasized the need for resilient and adaptive strategies. This study conducts a comparative analysis of various FSC structures, such as Centralized, Decentralized, Digitalized, Localized, and Hybrid models. The comparison was carried out by applying two integrated multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods: Entropy-based MOORA and Entropy-based MARCOS. Objective weights for the eight criteria (cost, flexibility, resilience, lead time, sustainability, service level, innovation capability, and risk management) were assigned through the Entropy method that was used to reduce the subjective bias. In general, both methods identified the Digitalized and Hybrid supply chain models as the two highest-ranked alternatives, while the Centralized model ranked last. To make the findings even more robust, we carried out a sensitivity analysis where we changed the criterion weights in different scenarios. Moreover, an Entropy-based COPRAS method was employed for the robustness analysis, and the findings supported the stability and consistency of the rankings across different methodological approaches. By comparing two MCDM methods in a post-pandemic context, the study contributes to the literature while offering practical guidance for stakeholders on investing in digital infrastructure, adopting hybrid supply chain models, and integrating sustainability objectives into supply chain planning. The findings provide practical guidance for policymakers and executives seeking to enhance the resilience and environmental sustainability of FSCs amid global uncertainty.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Food supply chain
• Entropy
• MOORA
• MARCOS
• COPRAS
• Strategy selection
• Hybrid supply chain
• MCDM

Hibrit karar modelleri kullanılarak pandemi sonrası gıda tedarik zincirlerinin stratejik değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Küresel gıda tedarik zincirlerindeki (GTZ) artan karmaşıklık ve kesintiler, özellikle COVID-19 sonrasında, dayanıklı ve uyum sağlayabilen stratejilere olan ihtiyacı vurgulamıştır. Bu çalışma, Merkeziyetçi, Merkeziyetsiz, Dijitalleşmiş, Yerelleştirilmiş ve Hibrit olmak üzere beş alternatif GTZ yapılandırmasını değerlendirmektedir. Değerlendirme sürecinde, iki bütünleşik çok kriterli karar verme (ÇKKV) yöntemi olan Entropi tabanlı MOORA ve Entropi tabanlı MARCOS yaklaşımları kullanılmıştır. Sekiz kritere (maliyet, esneklik, dayanıklılık, teslim süresi, sürdürülebilirlik, hizmet seviyesi, yenilik kapasitesi ve risk yönetimi) nesnel ağırlıklar atamak amacıyla Entropi yöntemi uygulanmış, böylece öznel önyargılar en aza indirilmiştir. Her iki yöntem de tutarlı sonuçlar vermiş; dijitalleşmiş ve hibrit modeller en etkili stratejiler olarak öne çıkarken, merkeziyetçi sistemler en düşük performansı göstermiştir. Bulguların güvenilirliğini değerlendirmek amacıyla, kriter ağırlıkları farklı senaryolar altında değiştirilerek duyarlılık analizi yapılmıştır. Ayrıca sonuçların sağlamlığını doğrulamak için Entropi tabanlı COPRAS yöntemi uygulanmış ve sıralamaların farklı yöntemler altında da değişmediği görülmüştür. Çalışma, pandemi sonrası bağlamda iki farklı ÇKKV yöntemini karşılaştırarak literatüre katkı sunmakta; dijital altyapıya yatırım yapılması, hibrit modellerin benimsenmesi ve sürdürülebilirlik hedeflerinin tedarik zinciri planlamalarına entegre edilmesi yönünde uygulamaya dönük öneriler sunmaktadır. Elde edilen bulgular, küresel belirsizlik ortamında GTZ’nin dayanıklılığının ve çevresel sürdürülebilirliğinin artırılmasına yönelik olarak politika yapıcılara ve yöneticilere pratik yol gösterici bilgiler sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Gıda tedarik zinciri
• Entropi
• MOORA
• MARCOS
• COPRAS
• Strateji seçimi
• Hibrit tedarik zinciri
• ÇKKV

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