The Effects of Aluminium Hydroxide and Magnesium Hydroxide on the Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastic Polyurethane Materials

Abstract

Thermoplastic polyurethane materials are widely used in automotive, clothing, electrical and electronics, medical, construction, machine industry due to excellent physical and chemical properties. Thermoplastic polyurethane materials combustion and resistance to high temperature characteristics are poor. Additives and fillers are added into the polyurethane matrix to improve those properties. Particularly adding these agents as a flame retardant are affect mechanical properties of polyurethane materials. Therefore, it is important to determinate the mechanical properties of these materials. In this study, 5% by weight of the thermoplastic polyurethane material, aluminium tri hydroxide (ATH, (Al2O3 3H2O)) and magnesium hydroxide (MgOH, (Mg(OH)2)) were added. Ammonium polyphosphate (APP) as an intumescent flame retardant with inorganic flame retardants were added to increase the flame resistance of produced composite structure. Tensile test, tear test, hardness and Izod impact tests were made and compared of those produced composites. As a result of experiments the addition of ATH has lowered the tensile strength and tear strength contrast to this the addition of MgOH has improved those properties. Hardness and Izod impact test results were showed that both of the additives have no negative effect.

Keywords

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Alüminyum Hidroksit ve Magnezyum Hidroksit Katkısının Termoplastik Poliüretan Malzemelerin Mekanik Özelliklerine Etkisi

Öz

Termoplastik poliüretan malzemeler, üstün fiziksel ve kimyasal özellikleri sebebiyle, otomotiv, giyim, elektrik-elektronik, tıp, inşaat, makine sektörlerinde geniş bir kullanım alanına sahiptir. Termoplastik poliüretan malzemelerin, yanmaya ve yüksek sıcaklığa karşı dirençleri düşüktür. Bu özelliklerinin iyileştirilebilmesi için poliüretan matris içerisine katkı ve dolgu maddeleri ilave edilmektedir. Özellikle alev geciktirici olarak ilave edilen bu maddeler poliüretan malzemelerin mekanik özelliklerini de etkilemektedir. Dolayısıyla bu malzemelerin mekanik özelliklerinin de belirlenmesi önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, termoplastik poliüretan malzemelere kütlece %5 oranında alüminyum tri hidroksit (ATH, (Al2O3 3H2O)) ve magnezyum hidroksit (MgOH, (Mg(OH)2)) ilave edilmiştir. Oluşturulan kompozit yapının yanmaya karşı direncini artırmak için inorganik alev geciktiriciler ile birlikte kabaran alev geciktirici olarak amonyum polifosfat (APP) ilave edilmiştir. Üretilen kompozitlere çekme, yırtılma, sertlik ve Izod darbe deneyleri yapılarak karşılaştırılmıştır. Deneyler sonucunda, ATH ilavesinin çekme dayanımı ve yırtılma dayanımında düşüşe sebep olmasına rağmen, MgOH ilavesinin bir miktar arttırdığı görülmüştür. Her iki katkı maddesinin de sertlik ve Izod darbe deneyleri sonucunda olumsuz bir etki oluşturmadığı görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Termoplastik poliüretan, Alüminyum tri hidroksit, Magnezyum hidroksit, Çekme dayanımı, Yırtılma dayanımı

Kaynakça

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