Sulfur isotope geochemistry and mineralogy of Balcilar vein type barite-sulphide mineralization, Biga peninsula, NW Turkey

Öz

The Balcılar (Çanakkale) barite-galena mineralization is a typical example of the vein type barite-lead-zinc deposits in the Biga Peninsula. The lithologic units in the study area are Akçaalan andesite, Eocene, Adadağı pyroclastics, Oligocene, Dededağ dacite, Miocene, Karaömerler basalt, Plio-Quaternary and alluvium Quaternary. Barite-galena veins occurred along the faults developed within the andesites. Barite, quartz and galena are main minerals and are accompanied by minor amounts of sphalerite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, covellite and marcasite. The earliest barite (barite I) occurs as coarse-grained subhedral-euhedral crystals and the later (barite II) as small tabular crystals in between the earlier coarse crystals. Quartz occurs as fine-grained crystals with the later small barite crystals. Galena, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, pyrite, marcasite and covellite occur open spaces within the earlier barite (barite I) crystals. Sulfur isotopes indicate that in galena the reduced sulfur from bacterially or inorganically reduced sulphate, or from an isotopically light reduced S-source. The δ34SH2S values calculated from the barite-H2S and galena-H2S fractionation factors, in the same samples, indicate a temperature of between 200 and 300 °C. Relatively lower δ34S values of barites than dissolved sulphate in modern oceans or Eocene sea waters have been evaluated as the ore forming hydrothermal fluids were derived from interacting throughout the magmatic host-rocks.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Barite-galena
• Ore geology
• Sulfur isotope
• Çanakkale
• Turkey

Balcılar damar tipi barit-galenit cevherleşmesinin maden jeolojisi ve sülfür izotop jeokimyası, Biga yarımadası, Türkiye

Öz

Balcılar (Çanakkale) barit-galenit cevherleşmesi, Biga yarımadasındaki damar tipi kurşun-çinko-barit yataklarının tipik örneklerinden birisidir. İnceleme alanındaki litolojik birimler; Eosen Akçaalan andeziti, Oligosen Adadağı piroklastikleri, Miyosen Dededağ dasiti, Pliyo-kuvaterner Karaömerler bazaltı ve Kuvaterner aluvyonlar olarak ayırtlanmıştır. Barit-galenit damarları andezitler içerisindeki faylar boyunca oluşmuşlardır. Barit, kuvars ve galenit ana mineraller olup, bu minerallere az miktarda sfalerit, pirit, kalkopirit, kovellin ve markazit eşlik etmektedir. Baritler erken evrede iri-taneli yarı özşekilli-özşekilli kristaller (barit I) ve geç evrede kaba kristallerle girift küçük çubuksu kristaller (barit II) biçiminde iki-evreli mineralizasyonla gelişmiştir. Kuvars küçük barit kristalleriyle birlikte geç evrede oluşmuştur. Galenit, sfalerit, kalkopirit, pirit, markazit ve kovellin geç evre ürünleri olup, önceki oluşan barit kristalleri içerisindeki boşluk zonları boyunca oluşmuşlardır. Sülfür izotop bulguları galenitteki sülfürün bakteriyel veya inorganik sülfattan (SO4=) indirgenmiş veya izotopik olarak hafif S-kökenle etkileşimi göstermektedir. Barit-H2S ve galenit-H2S ayrımlaşma faktörlerinden itibaren hesaplanan δ34SH2S değerleri, sıcaklık koşullarının 200-300 °C arasında olduğunu göstermiştir. Baritlerin güncel okyanus veya Eosen deniz suyu bileşiminden daha düşük δ34S değerleri, hidrotermal sıvıların magmatik yan kayaçlarla etkileşiminden kaynaklandığı biçiminde değerlendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Barit-galenit
• Maden jeolojisi
• Sülfür izotopu
• Çanakkale
• Türkiye

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