4x4 Ağır hizmet araçları için pnömatik fren sistemi tepki süresinin bilgisayar destekli olarak hesaplanması ve deneysel doğrulaması

Öz

Bu çalışmanın ana hedefi, 4x4 ağır hizmet araçları için, araç testleri ile doğrulanmış ve fren tepki süresi tahminlerinde kullanılacak detaylı bir havalı (pnömatik) fren sistemi dinamik modelinin elde edilmesidir. Bu neden ile bu çalışmada, havalı fren sistemi dinamik davranışını belirleyebilmek amacıyla genel bir matematiksel model önerilmektedir. Bu amaca uygun olarak, öncelikle havalı fren sisteminin pnömatik ve mekanik alt sistemlerine ait detaylar incelenmiştir. Daha sonrasında benzetimlerde kullanılmak üzere elde edilen matematiksel ifadeler Simulink modeline uyarlanmıştır. Simulink modelinin oluşturulması esnasında sistem parametrelerinin bir kısmı literatürde bulunan temel modellerden ve/veya fren sistemine ait bileşenlerin teknik veri sayfalarından elde edilmiştir. Burada daha karmaşık bir havalı fren sistemi modellemesi amaçlandığı için daha fazla sistem parametresine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu bilinmeyen parametreleri belirleyebilmek amacıyla, fren tepki süresi testleri kampana frenli bir 4x4 ağır hizmet aracı üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu testlere ait deneysel sonuçlar kullanılarak sistem modelindeki bilinmeyen parametreler ayarlanmıştır. Daha sonra elde edilen model, prototip seviyesindeki başka bir 4x4 araca uyarlanmış ve burada fren tepki süresi hesaplamaları doğrulanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Havalı fren sistemi,Matematiksel modelleme,Simulink model,Fren tepki süresi testleri

Computer aided calculation and experimental verification of response time of pneumatic brake system for 4x4 heavy duty vehicles

Abstract

Main objective of this study is to obtain a detailed dynamic model of pneumatic brake system that will be verified with vehicle tests and be used for response time prediction of 4x4 heavy duty vehicles. Hence, in this study, a general mathematical model is proposed to determine the dynamic characteristics of pneumatic brake system. For this purpose, first of all the details of pneumatic and mechanical subsystems of the air brake system are investigated. After that; in order to be able to execute the simulations, mathematical equations derived are adapted to the Simulink model. When constructing the Simulink model, some system parameters are obtained from the basic models in the literature and/or are taken from the technical datasheets of the brake system components. Since a more complicated pneumatic brake system is aimed to be modeled, much more system parameters are required to be estimated. To identify those unknown parameters, response time tests were performed on a 4x4 heavy-duty vehicle equipped with wedge drum brakes. The experimental results of those tests are used to tune the system model for the unknown parameters. After that, the model obtained is adapted to  a prototype level 4x4 heavy duty vehicle and the break response time calculations are verified.

Keywords

• Pneumatic brake system,Mathematical modelling,Simulink model,Brake response time tests

Kaynakça

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