İleri biyolojik atıksu arıtma tesislerinde işletme parametrelerinin doğrudan sera gazı emisyon miktarı üzerindeki etkilerinin belirlenmesi

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 6, 1117 - 1124, 18.12.2018

Hazal Gülhan , Recep Kaan Dereli , Hale Özgün , Mustafa Evren Erşahin , İzzet Öztürk

Öz

Küresel ısınmaya karşı alınan önlemlerin
başında, farklı ekonomik sektörler için sera gazı emisyonu kontrolü
gelmektedir. Türkiye’nin de taraf olduğu Birleşmiş Milletler İklim Değişikliği
Çerçeve Sözleşmesi’ne göre taraflar ekonomik sektörlerden salınan sera gazı
miktarlarını yıllık olarak raporlamakla yükümlüdürler. Atık sektörü, insan
kaynaklı sera gazı emisyonunun %3’ünü, atıksu arıtımı ise atık sektöründen
kaynaklanan sera gazı emisyonunun %20’sini oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada,
eşdeğer nüfusu 2344000 olan, biyolojik besi maddesi giderimi yapılan ve çamurun
anaerobik olarak çürütüldüğü bir evsel atıksu arıtma tesisinde sera gazı
emisyonunu etkileyen faktörler, GPS-X 6.5 model yazılımı kullanılarak
incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, çamur yaşı ve çözünmüş oksijen parametreleri ele
alınmıştır. Çamur yaşı için 2, 5, 9, 13 ve 18 gün değerleri test edilmiş ve
sırasıyla 0, 618508, 565961, 565681 ve 554684 t CO₂ eşd/yıl doğrudan
emisyon miktarı tahmin edilmiştir. Beş günün üzerinde, artan çamur yaşıyla
emisyon miktarının azaldığı görülmüştür. Çözünmüş oksijen konsantrasyonu
parametresi için 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 ve 3.0 mg/L değerleri incelenmiştir ve
sırasıyla 1455632, 999243, 719380, 583603, 503275 ve 449997 t CO₂
eşd/yıl doğrudan emisyon miktarı tahmin edilmiştir. Havalandırma tankında artan
çözünmüş oksijen konsantrasyonu ile doğrudan sera gazı emisyonun azaldığı
görülmüştür. Duyarlılık analizi ile sera gazı emisyonuna çözünmüş oksijen
parametresinin, çamur yaşı parametresinden daha fazla etkisi olduğu
görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Atıksu arıtma, Çamur yaşı, Çözünmüş oksijen, Modelleme, Nütrient giderimi, Sera gazı emisyonu

Effects of operating parameters on direct greenhouse gas emission in advanced biological wastewater treatment plants

Öz

The
major measure taken on global warming is to control greenhouse gas emission for
different economic sectors. Within the context of the United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), to which Turkey is party, parties are
obliged to report annual greenhouse gas emissions from each economic sector.
Greenhouse gas emissions from the waste sector account for approximately 3% of
global human-induced greenhouse gas emissions, while wastewater treatment
accounts for 20% of the greenhouse gas emissions from waste sector. In
this study, factors effecting direct greenhouse
gas emission in a wastewater treatment plant with an equivalent population of
2344000 were investigated by using GPS-X 6.5 software. Biological nutrient
removal was conducted and sludge was digested under anaerobic conditions in the
wastewater treatment plant. Both sludge age and dissolved oxygen parameters
were investigated. 2, 5, 9, 13, and 18 days of sludge age were tested, and
direct emissions of 0, 618508, 565961, 565681 and 554684 t CO₂
eq/year were calculated, respectively. Direct emission amount decreased with
increasing sludge age over five days. Dissolved oxygen emissions of 0.5, 1.0,
1.5, 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 mg/L were tested, and direct emissions of 1455632,
999243, 719380, 583603, 503275 and 449997 t CO₂ eq/year were
calculated, respectively. Direct emission amount decreased with increasing
dissolved oxygen concentration in the aeration tank. Considering sensitivity
analysis, dissolved oxygen parameter is more effective on greenhouse gas
emissions in comparison to the sludge age parameter.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Wastewater treatment, Sludge age, Dissolved oxygen, Modelling, Nutrient removal, Greenhouse gas emission

Kaynakça

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