Sürekli mıknatıslı senkron generatörün azaltılmış anahtarlı evirici ile sensörsüz kontrolü

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 2, 132 - 142, 22.04.2019

Ömer Cihan Kıvanç , Salih Barış Öztürk

Öz

Bu makalenin temel amacı,
enerji iletiminin mümkün olmadığı kırsal ve coğrafi açıdan problemli bölgelerde
yenilenebilir ve taşınabilir bir şekilde elektrik enerjisi üretimini
sağlamaktır. Önerilen sistem ile katastrofik sonuçları (uzun süreli ve yerel
olmayan elektrik kesintisi) olan doğal felaketler (deprem, yangın, sel vb.)
sırasında düşük fiyata, verimli ve taşınabilir küçük ölçekli rüzgar türbini ve
tahrik sistemi ile rüzgardan bireysel düşük güçlü elektrik enerjisi üretimi
hedeflenmektedir. Bu çalışmada, redüktörsüz sürekli mıknatıslı senkron
generatörün (SMSG) yük tarafı evirici kontrollü değişken hızlı rüzgar türbini
için toplam sekiz anahtarlama elemanlı, tam yükünde çalışabilen, iki yönlü, iki
seviyeli, sırt sırta bağlı gerilim kaynaklı doğrultucu/evirici kullanılarak
gerçekleştirilir. Ayrıca, bu sistemde model referans adaptif sistem (MRAS) ile
rotor kaçak akısı ve stator direnci kestirimcisi kullanılmasının en önemli
avantajlarından birisi ve yeniliği, kontrol sistemindeki akı ve stator direnç
değerlerinde meydana gelen değişikliklerinden kaynaklı bozulmaları
düzeltmektir. Basitliği ve etkin çalışma aralığı nedeniyle yük tarafının
kontrolü dört anahtarlı şebeke tarafı eviricisi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Toplam sistem performansını gözlemlemek için evirici çıkışında üç fazlı pasif
bir yük kullanılmaktadır. Akım ve gerilim harmoniklerini azaltmak, güç
şebekesinin kararlılığını ve verimliliğini artırmak için yük tarafında alçak
geçiren LCL filtre tasarlanmış ve gerçeklenmiştir. Bütün sistemin performansı
gerçek zamanlı Sayısal İşaret İşleyici (Sİİ) sistemi ile doğrulanmıştır. Bu
makalede, generatör kontrolü için geniş çalışma aralığı ve ekonomik pozisyon
sensörsüz kontrolün dahil edilmesi ile yenilenebilir rüzgar enerjisi sisteminin
kırsal alanlar için uygulanabilir bir dağıtık yeşil enerji çözümü olabileceği
gösterilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

MRAS, İleri beslemeli gerilim tahmini, SMSG, Dört anahtarlı üç fazlı inverter

Sensorless control of permanent magnet synchronous generator drive using reduced switch inverter

Öz

The main aim of this paper is to provide
electric power generation using a renewable and portable method in rural and
geographically problematic areas where energy transmission is not possible.
Electric power generation from wind with low-cost, efficient and portable
small-scale wind turbine during natural disasters (earthquake, fire, flood,
etc.) leading to catastrophic consequences (long electrical black-outs) and for
individual low power applications is targeted. The control of gearless
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) along with load side inverter
control in this project are performed using a full-rating, bi-directional,
two-level, back-to-back voltage source rectifier/inverter with total of eight
switches for the variable speed wind turbine. Additionally, one of the major advantages
and novelty of using MRAS rotor flux linkage and stator resistance estimator in
this system is to correct changes in the flux and stator resistance values in
the control system. Due to its simplicity and effectiveness, the load side
control is achieved by using four switch grid side inverter. To observe the
total system performance, a three-phase passive load is used at the inverter
output. The low-pass LCL filter is designed and used in the load side to reduce
current and voltage harmonics and increase stability and efficiency of the
power network. The results of the overall system are validated with the
real-time DSP system. It is proved with this paper that the inclusion of a
simple, effective and economical position sensorless control in the generator
side show that renewable wind energy system can be a viable distributed green
energy solution for rural areas.

Anahtar Kelimeler

MRAS, Feedforward voltage estimation, PMSG, Four switch three phase inverter (FSTPI)

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