Sıvılaşma nedeniyle meydana gelen oturmaların PM4Sand bünye modeli ile incelenmesi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 3, 378 - 388, 30.06.2022

Ozan Subaşı Recep İyisan

Öz

Depremlerin yıkıcı etkisini ve yapısal hasarları arttıran en önemli faktörlerden biri, dinamik yükler altında zemin tabakalarında oluşan deformasyonlardır. Özellikle suya doygun kumlu zeminlerde, kuvvetli yer hareketi sırasında boşluk suyu basıncındaki ani artış nedeniyle meydana gelen sıvılaşmalar, zemin tabakalarında büyük deformasyonlara yol açmakta ve mühendislik yapılarında ciddi hasarlara neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında, rölatif sıkılığı %35, 55, 75 olan üç farklı kum zemin özellikleri kullanılarak iki boyutlu zemin profilleri oluşturulmuş ve on dört farklı kuvvetli yer hareketi kullanılarak doğrusal olmayan dinamik analizler bir sonlu eleman yazılımıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kum zemin tabakalarının sıvılaşma davranışını modellemek için ise programda yer alan PM4Sand bünye denklemleri kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen numerik analiz sonuçları literatürde yer alan ve iyi bilinen yarı-ampirik yöntemlerle karşılaştırılmıştır. Buna ek olarak, kuvvetli yer hareketini tanımlamak için kullanılan parametrelerle, numerik ve yarı-ampirik analizler sonucunda elde edilen sıvılaşma kaynaklı oturmalar arasındaki ilişkiler incelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Deprem kaynak özellikleri, PM4Sand bünye denklemleri, Numerik analizler, Yarı-Ampirik yöntemler, Sıvılaşma kaynaklı oturmalar

Investigation of liquefaction induced settlements with PM4Sand constitutive model

Öz

One of the most important factors that increase the destructive effects of earthquakes and structural damages is the soil deformations during strong ground motion. The liquefaction occurs especially in saturated sandy soils as a result of the sudden increase in pore water pressure during the earthquakes and leads to large deformations in the soil layer and serious damages to engineering structures. In this study, by using three different sand properties with relative densities of 35, 55 and 75%, two-dimensional soil profiles were created and dynamic analyzes were carried out using fourteen different acceleration-time histories records. In the numerical analysis was performed with a finite element software and PM4Sand constitutive equations were used to model the liquefaction behavior of sand layers. The numerical analysis results were compared with the well-known semi-empirical methods in the literature. In addition, the relationships between the parameters used to define strong ground motion and the liquefaction-induced settlements obtained from numerical and semi-empirical analyzes were investigated.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Earthquake source properties, PM4Sand constitutive equations, Numerical analysis, Semi-Empirical analysis, Liquefactioninduced settlements

Kaynakça

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