Marmara’da P ve S dalga soğurulma yapısının üç boyutlu olarak belirlenmesi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 3, 451 - 463, 30.06.2022

Şakir Şahin

Öz

Marmara Bölgesi, Kuzey Anadolu Fayı Zonu (KAFZ) yaklaşık D-B doğrultusunda kestiği bir geçiş bölgesidir. KAFZ Bingöl-Karlıova’dan başlayıp Anadolu’nun kuzeyini takiben Marmara Denizi’nden geçerek Ege Denizi’ne kadar ulaşır. Anadolu Plakasını kuzeyden sınırlayan bu zon Türkiye’nin en önemli tektonik unsurudur. Marmara Bölgesinde KAFZ üzerinde tarihsel ve aletsel dönmede çok sayıda hasar yapıcı deprem meydana gelmiştir. Son yüzyılda 1912 Şarköy-Mürefte ile başlayıp 1999 Gölcük depremi ardından oluşan sismotektonik yapı ile Marmara Denizi’nde KAFZ üzerinde sismik boşluk oluşmuştur. İrili ufaklı depremlerin oluşumu ile aktivitenin sürdüğü bu zonda son olarak 26 Eylül 2019 tarihinde Silivri açıklarında 5.7 (Ml) büyüklüğünde bir deprem meydana gelmiştir. Bu deprem beklenen büyük İstanbul depremini ve alınması gereken tedbirleri ülkemiz gündemine yeniden getirmiştir. Bu çalışmada, KAFZ’nun yakın gelecekteki deprem davranışını belirlemek için suskun ve aktif olan bölümler ve bu bölümlerin üzerindeki sismik soğurulma yapısı üç boyutlu olarak ortaya konulmuştur. 2012-2020 arasındaki kayıtlarından oluşan deprem verilerin kullanımı ile elde edilen sonuçlardan Tekirdağ segmenti üzerinde soğurulmanın yüksek olduğu, Silivri depreminin oluştuğu geçiş bölümünde ise düşük olduğu çok net bir şekilde tespit edilmiştir. Bu segment üzerinde deprem aktivitesinin diğer segmentlerden daha fazla olacağını söylemek mümkündür. Bu değişimler Marmara Denizi içinde oluşacak depremin takibi ve depremin bölgedeki etki alanının belirlenmesi açısından önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

KAFZ, Sismik hız, Soğurulma, Tomografi

The determination of 3-D P and S-Wave attenuation structures in Marmara

Öz

Marmara Region is a transition zone broken by the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ) in the approximately E-W direction. The NAFZ starts from Bingöl-Karlıova and follows the north of Anatolian plate, passes through the Marmara Sea and reaches the Aegean Sea. This zone which limits the Anatolian plate from the North side is Turkey's most important tectonic element. In the Marmara Region, many damaging earthquakes occurred during the historical and instrumental periods on the NAFZ. In the last century, with the seismotectonic structure, which started with 1912 Şarköy-Mürefte and formed after the 1999 Gölcük earthquake, a seismic gap occurred on the NAFZ in the Marmara Sea. In this zone, where the activity continues with the occurrence of large and small earthquakes, an earthquake of 5.7 (Ml) in Silivri offshore on September 26, 2019. This earthquake brought the expected big Istanbul earthquake and the measures to be taken to the agenda of our country again. In this study, silent and active sections and the seismic absorption structure on these sections are presented in three dimensions in order to determine the earthquake behavior in the near future in the NAFZ. The results obtained from the use of earthquake data from 2012-2020 records, it was clearly determined that the attenuation is high on the Tekirdağ segment and low in the transition section where Silivri earthquake occurred. It is possible to say that earthquake activity on this segment will be higher than other segments. These changes are important in terms of following the earthquake that will occur in the Marmara Sea and determining the impact area of the earthquake in the region.

Anahtar Kelimeler

NAFZ, Seismic velocity, Attenuation, Tomography

Kaynakça

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