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Susuzdag Formasyonu kireçtaşlarının jeokimyasal içeriklerinin jeoistatistiksel analizi ve mekânsal dağılım haritası

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 6, 851 - 862, 30.11.2022

Öz

Karstlaşabilen kayaç sınıflamasına giren karbonatlı kayaçlardan kireçtaşları, Antalya kompleksi içerisinde yaygın olarak bulunurlar. Kireçtaşlarının oluşumunda meydana gelen elementel ilişkilerin istatistiksel metotlar kullanılarak yorumlanması, ortamdaki paleoredoks durumlarının yorumlanması ve diyajenetik koşulların anlaşılabilmesi için önem arz etmektedir. Çalışmada, Susuzdağ Formasyonu içerisinde bulunan kireçtaşlarından derlenen örnekler XRF yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Ayrıca, kireçtaşı numunelerinden ince kesitler hazırlanmış olup ayrıntılı optik mikroskop çalışmaları ile formasyonun mineralojik özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Kireçtaşlarının oluşumu esnasında zenginleşme gösteren içeriklerin sıralanımı “SiO2, MgO, Al2O3, K2O, TiO2 Fe2O3, SO3, Pb, Th, U, Sr, Mn ve Co” şeklindedir. Bölgesel ölçekte K2O, Al2O3 ve SiO2 elementlerinin yüksek değerlerde bulunması, kireçtaşlarının içerisindeki yüksek kil varlığını ortaya çıkarmıştır. Ayrıca dağılım haritalarından yorumlanan Al2O3 ve TiO2 benzer lokasyonlardaki yüksek konsantrasyonları alüminyumoksitli ve titanyumoksitli minerallerin varlığına işaret etmektedir. Başlıca 4 faktör altında toplandığı görülen kimyasal içeriklerin kümülatif değeri %92.60 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Mikritik ve sparitik dokusal özellikte bulunan kireçtaşlarının ince kesitlerinde foliasyon ve laminasyon gözlemlenmemiştir. Ayrıca kesitlerin matriks dolgularının kil içerikli olduğu tek nikol görüntülerinden tespit edilmiştir. Bölgedeki kireçtaşlarının oluşumları esnasında, dehidrasyon tepkimeleri geçirerek su moleküllerini kaybedip, kaolinit mineralince zenginleştikleri düşünülmüştür.

Kaynakça

  • [1] Ekmekçi M, Nazik L. “Evolution of Golpazari-Huyuk karst system (Bilecik-Turkey): indications of morpho-tectonic controls”. International Journal of Speleology, 33(1), 47-64, 2004.
  • [2] Poyraz M, Öztürk MZ, Soykan A. “Sivas Jips Karstında Dolin Yoğunluğunun Cbs Tabanlı Analizi Gis Based Analysis of Doline Density in Sivas Gypsum Karst (Turkey)”. Jeomorfolojik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 6, 67-80, 2004.
  • [3] Abedini A, Calagari AA. “Rare earth element geochemistry of the Upper Permian limestone: the Kanigorgeh mining district, NW Iran”. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 24(4), 365-382, 2015.
  • [4] Ozer O, Yalcin F, Tarinc OK, Yalcin MG. “Investigation of suitability of marbles to standards with inequality expressions and statistical approach using some physical and mechanical properties”. Journal of Inequalities and Applications, 97, 1-15, 2020.
  • [5] Steinmann JW, Grammer GM, Brunner B, Jones CK, Riedinger N. “Assessing the application of trace metals as paleoproxies and a chemostratigraphic tool in carbonate systems: A case study from the “Mississippian Limestone” of the midcontinent, United States”. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 112, 1-14, 2020.
  • [6] Abedini A, Azizi MR, Calagari AA. “Lanthanide tetrad effect in limestone: a tool to environment analysis of the Ruteh Formation, NW Iran”. Acta Geodynamica et Geromaterialia, 15(3), 229-247, 2018.
  • [7] Anfimov AL. “New Emsian foraminifers from of the Karpinsky Horizon limestones Severouralsk Bauxite Mine”. Paleontological Journal, 46(5), 445-452, 2012.
  • [8] Anfimov AL, Soroka EI. “Lithofacies features of boehmitebearing limestones of the supraore sequence in the north Ural bauxite mine”. Lithology and Mineral Resources, 50(3), 203-210, 2015.
  • [9] Laskou M, Economou-Eliopoulos M. “Bio-mineralization and potential biogeochemical processes in bauxite deposits: genetic and ore quality significance”. Mineralogy and Petrology, 107(4), 471-486, 2013.
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  • [14] Yalcin F, Nyamsari DG, Paksu E, Yalcin MG. “Statistical assessment of heavy metal distribution and contamination of beach sands of Antalya-Turkey: an approach to the multivariate analysis techniques”. Filomat, 30(4), 945-952, 2016b.
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  • [17] Şenel M. “Batı Toroslar'daki Yeşilbarak Napının stratigrafik ve yapısal özellikleri, GD Anadolu'daki ve Kuzey Kıbrıs'taki benzer birimlerle karşılaştırılması”. Maden Tetkik Araştırma Dergisi, 128, 1-26, 2004.
  • [18] Gültekin MC. “Batı Toroslar Bey Dağları otokton birliğindeki Bey Dağı Formasyonunun Senomaniyen yaşlı karbonat dizilimlerinin mikrofasiyesleri, çökelme ortamları, karbonat çökelme modeli ve diyajenezi”. Türkiye Petrolleri Anonim Ortaklığı Raporu, Ankara Türkiye, 930, 1986.
  • [19] Üşenmez Ş. “Beydağları (Batı Toroslar) otokton kütlesindeki Tersiyer yaşlı karbonat istifi ve bu istifin sedimentolojisi üzerine yapılan çalışmaların ön sonuçları”. Gazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik-Mimarlık Dergisi, 2, 103-141, 1987.
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Geostatistical analysis and spatial distribution map of geochemical contents of the Susuzdag Formation limestones

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 6, 851 - 862, 30.11.2022

Öz

Limestones, which are a type of carbonate rocks that are classified as karstification of rocks, are widely observed in the Antalya complex. The assessment of the elemental relationships in the formation of limestones by using statistical methods is important for the interpretation of paleoredox states in the environment and for understanding its diagenetic conditions. In the study, limestone samples collected from the Susuzdag Formation were analyzed by the XRF method to determine their chemical contents. Also, thin cross-sections of the limestone samples were prepared and the mineralogical properties of the formation were determined by performing detailed optical microscopy examinations. The order of the contents enriched during the formation of limestones is as follows: SiO2, MgO, Al2O3, K2O, TiO2 Fe2O3, SO3, Pb, Th, U, Sr, Mn, and Co. The high values of K2O, Al2O3 and SiO2 elements at the regional scale revealed the high clay presence in the limestones. In addition, high concentrations of Al2O3 and TiO2 interpreted from distribution maps in similar locations indicate the presence of minerals with aluminum oxide and titanium oxide. The cumulative value of chemical contents, which were observed to fall in 4 main groups, was calculated as 92.60%. The limestone samples were found to have micritic and sparitic textural features, and no foliation or lamination was observed in their thin crosssections. Moreover, according to the single-nicol images, the matrix fillings of the cross-sections of the samples were found to contain clay. It was thought that the limestones in the region underwent dehydration reactions during their formation and lost their water molecules and became enriched in kaolinite minerals.

Kaynakça

  • [1] Ekmekçi M, Nazik L. “Evolution of Golpazari-Huyuk karst system (Bilecik-Turkey): indications of morpho-tectonic controls”. International Journal of Speleology, 33(1), 47-64, 2004.
  • [2] Poyraz M, Öztürk MZ, Soykan A. “Sivas Jips Karstında Dolin Yoğunluğunun Cbs Tabanlı Analizi Gis Based Analysis of Doline Density in Sivas Gypsum Karst (Turkey)”. Jeomorfolojik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 6, 67-80, 2004.
  • [3] Abedini A, Calagari AA. “Rare earth element geochemistry of the Upper Permian limestone: the Kanigorgeh mining district, NW Iran”. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, 24(4), 365-382, 2015.
  • [4] Ozer O, Yalcin F, Tarinc OK, Yalcin MG. “Investigation of suitability of marbles to standards with inequality expressions and statistical approach using some physical and mechanical properties”. Journal of Inequalities and Applications, 97, 1-15, 2020.
  • [5] Steinmann JW, Grammer GM, Brunner B, Jones CK, Riedinger N. “Assessing the application of trace metals as paleoproxies and a chemostratigraphic tool in carbonate systems: A case study from the “Mississippian Limestone” of the midcontinent, United States”. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 112, 1-14, 2020.
  • [6] Abedini A, Azizi MR, Calagari AA. “Lanthanide tetrad effect in limestone: a tool to environment analysis of the Ruteh Formation, NW Iran”. Acta Geodynamica et Geromaterialia, 15(3), 229-247, 2018.
  • [7] Anfimov AL. “New Emsian foraminifers from of the Karpinsky Horizon limestones Severouralsk Bauxite Mine”. Paleontological Journal, 46(5), 445-452, 2012.
  • [8] Anfimov AL, Soroka EI. “Lithofacies features of boehmitebearing limestones of the supraore sequence in the north Ural bauxite mine”. Lithology and Mineral Resources, 50(3), 203-210, 2015.
  • [9] Laskou M, Economou-Eliopoulos M. “Bio-mineralization and potential biogeochemical processes in bauxite deposits: genetic and ore quality significance”. Mineralogy and Petrology, 107(4), 471-486, 2013.
  • [10] Temur S, Orhan H, Deli A. “Geochemistry of the limestone of Mortas Formation and related terra rossa, Seydisehir, Konya, Turkey”. Geochemistry International, 47(1), 67-93, 2009.
  • [11] Ozer O. Sutlegen Bölgesi (Kaş, Antalya) Boksit Yataklarının Jenezi ve Ekonomik Özellikleri. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Akdeniz Üniversitesi, Antalya Türkiye, 2020.
  • [12] Şenel M. “Fethiye-M-8 Paftası 1:100.000 Ölçekli Türkiye Jeoloji Haritaları”. Maden Tetkik Arama Jeoloji Etütleri Dairesi, Ankara Türkiye, 4, 1997.
  • [13] Yalcin F, Kilic S, Nyamsari DG, Yalcin MG, Kilic M. “Principal component analysis of integrated metal concentrations of bogacayi riverbank sediments in Turkey”. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 25(2), 471-485, 2016a.
  • [14] Yalcin F, Nyamsari DG, Paksu E, Yalcin MG. “Statistical assessment of heavy metal distribution and contamination of beach sands of Antalya-Turkey: an approach to the multivariate analysis techniques”. Filomat, 30(4), 945-952, 2016b.
  • [15] Oz C, Ozer O. “Seramik Arkeometrisi’nde Spektroskopik Yöntemlerin Uygulanması ve Yorumlanması: XRF, XRD”. Seramik Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1, 136-153, 2019.
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  • [21] Sarı B. “Bey Dağları Karbonat Platformu’nun doğu bölümünde orta-üst Senomaniyen platform kireçtaşlarında Geç Kretase yaşlı ardışık pelajik neptüniyen dayk dolguları (Katran Dağ, Antalya, GB Türkiye)”. Yerbilimleri, 40(1), 35-71, 2019.
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  • [26] Ozer O, Yalcin F, Nyamsari DG, Yalcin MG. “Appraisal of metal accumulation in beach sand using contamination indices and multivariate statistical analysis”. The 2nd Mediterranean International Conference of Pure Applied Mathematics and Related Areas, Paris, France, 28-31 August 2019.
  • [27] Tarinc OK, Ozer O, Aydin B, Yalcin MG. “Comparison of physical-mechanical properties of Clova and Lyca marbles in Akcay (Antalya) region by using independent-samples T-test statistics”. The 2nd Mediterranean International Conference of Pure Applied Mathematics and Related Areas, Paris, France, 28-31 August 2019.
  • [28] Tat E, Yalcin MG. “Rare earth element contents, geochemistry of soil samples between Burdur and Isparta region and assessment of their origin”. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration, 162(162), 93-102, 2020.
  • [29] Yalcin F, Ozer O, Nyamsari DG, Yalcin, MG. “Statistical evaluation of the geochemical content of beach sand along the Sarisu-Kemer coastline of Antalya, Turkey”. American Institute of Physics Conference Proceedings, 2116, 100005- 100009, 2019a.
  • [30] Yalcin MG, Unal B. “Multivariate statistical approach to identify heavy metal sources in urban roadside soils of Manisa, Turkey”. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 20(5), 3978-3990, 2008.
  • [31] Yalcin MG, Aydin O, Elhatip H. “Heavy metal contents and the water quality of Karasu Creek in Nigde, Turkey”. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 137(1-3), 169, 2008(b).
  • [32] Yalcin MG, Nyamsari DG, Ozer Atakoglu O, Yalcin F. “Chemical and statistical characterization of beach sand sediments: implication for natural and anthropogenic origin and paleo-environment”. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 19(3), 1335-1356, 2022.
  • [33] Ince Z, Atakoglu OO, Yalcin MG. “Multivariate and Spatial Statistical Analysis of Geochemical Data of Dolomite: The Case of Industrial Raw Materials’ Differentiation”. Montes Taurus Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics, 3(2), 1-21, 2021.
  • [34] Yalcin MG, Ilhan S. “Major and trace element geochemistry of Terra Rossa soil in the Kucukkoras region, Karaman, Turkey”. Geochemistry International, 46(10), 1106-1121, 2008.
  • [35] Yalcin MG, Ilhan S. “Major and trace element geochemistry of bauxites of Ayranci, Karaman, central Bolkardag, Turkey”. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 25(5), 2893-2904, 2013.
  • [36] Yalcin MG, Setti M, Karakaya F, Sacchi E, Ilbeyli N. “Geochemical and mineralogical characteristics of beach sediments along the coast between Alanya and Silifke (southern Turkey)”. Clay Minerals, 50(2), 233-248, 2015.
  • [37] Yalcin MG, Simsek G, Ocak SB, Yalcin F, Kalayci Y, Karaman ME. “Multivariate statistics and heavy metals contamination in beach sediments from the Sakarya Canyon, Turkey”. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 25(4), 2059-2066, 2013(b).
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  • [39] Ozer O, Yalcin MG. “Correlation of chemical contents of Sutlegen (Antalya) bauxites and regression analysis”. American Institute of Physics Conference Proceedings, 2293(1), 18000-18004, 2020.
  • [40] Yalcin MG, Narin I, Soylak M. “Heavy metal contents of the Karasu creek sediments, Nigde, Turkey”. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 128(1), 351-357, 2007.
  • [41] Yalcin MG, Tumuklu A, Sonmez M, Erdag DS. “Application of multivariate statistical approach to identify heavy metal sources in bottom soil of the Seyhan River (Adana), Turkey”. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 164(1), 311-322, 2010.
  • [42] Kaiser MO. “Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure for identity correlation matrix”. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 52, 296-298, 1974.
  • [43] Yalcin F. “Application of multivariate statistic and pollution index techniques to determine beach sand element distribution, East of Antalya City”. Filomat, 34(2), 623-630, 2020a.
  • [44] Yalcin F. “Data analysis of beach sands’ chemical analysis using multivariate statistical methods and heavy metal distribution maps: the case of moonlight beach sands, Kemer, Antalya, Turkey”. Symmetry, 12(9), 1-19, 2020(b).
  • [45] Leventeli Y, Yalcin F. “Data analysis of heavy metal content in riverwater: multivariate statistical analysis and inequality expressions”. Journal of Inequalities and Applications, 2021(1), 1-22, 2021.
  • [46] Aydin B, Yalcin F, Ozer O, Yalcin MG. “Regression analysis and statistical examination of Knoop hardness on abrasion resistance in Lyca beige marbles”. Filomat, 34(2), 609-614, 2020.
  • [47] Sharma S. Applied Multivariate Techniques. 2nd ed. New York, USA, Wiley, 1996.
  • [48] Yalcin F, Jonathan MP, Yalcin MG, Ilhan S, Leventeli Y. “Investigation of heavy metal content in beach sediments on the of Tasucu bay (Mersin) with geochemical and multivariate statistical approaches”. Journal of Engineering Sciences and Design, 8(4), 1113-1125, 2020(a).
  • [49] Yalcin MG, Ilhan S. “Major and trace element geochemistry of Terra Rossa soil in the Kucukkoras region, Karaman, Turkey”. Geochemistry International, 46(10), 1106-1121, 2008.
  • [50] Yalcin MG, Coskun B, Nyamsari DG, Yalcin F. “Geomedical, ecological risk, and statistical assessment of hazardous elements in shore sediments of the Iskenderun Gulf, Eastern Mediterranean, Turkey”. Environmental Earth Sciences, 78(15), 1-28, 2019(b).
  • [51] Yalcin MG. “Cluster analysis approach to identify metal sources in bottom sediments of Sultan Marsh canals, Turkey”. International Journal of Environment and Health, 3(1), 106-125, 2009.
  • [52] Yalcin MG, Battaloglu R. “Investigation of heavy metals pollution along the Nigde-Kayseri Road, Turkey”. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 19 (3), 2257-2264, 2007.
  • [53] Yalcin MG, Cevik O, Karaman ME. “Use of multivariate statistics methods to determine grain size, heavy metal distribution and origins of heavy metals in Mersin Bay (Eastern Mediterranean) coastal sediments”. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 25(5), 2696-2702, 2013(a).
  • [54] Yalcin F, Unal S, Yalcin MG, Akturk O, Ocak SB, Ozmen SF. “Investigation of the effect of hydrothermal waters on radionuclide activity concentrations in natural marble with multivariate statistical analysis”. Symmetry, 12(8), 1-21, 2020(b).
  • [55] Beauvais A, Colin F. “Formation and transformation processes of iron duricrust systems in tropical humid environment”. Chemical Geology, 106(1), 77-101, 1993.
  • [56] Bahlburg H, Dobrzinski N. “Chapter 6. A review of the Chemical Index of Alteration (CIA) and its application to the study of Neoproterozoic glacial deposits and climate transitions”. Geological Society, 36, 81-92, 2011.
  • [57] Fedo CM, Nesbitt HW, Young GM. “Unravelling the effects of potassium metasomatism in sedimentary rocks and paleosols, with implications for paleoweathering conditions and provenance”. Geology, 23, 921-924, 1995.
  • [58] Yalcin MG, Tumuklu A, Sonmez M, Erdag DS. “Application of multivariate statistical approach to identify heavy metal sources in bottom soil of the Seyhan River (Adana), Turkey”. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 164(1), 311-322, 2010.
  • [59] Matsubara H, Takashi ITO. “Simulation of threedimensional chemical dissolution of limestone”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 26(8), 1393-1400, 2020.
Toplam 59 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Mühendislik
Bölüm İnşaat Müh. / Çevre Müh. / Jeoloji Müh.
Yazarlar

Ozge Ozer Atakoglu Bu kişi benim

Mustafa Gurhan Yalcın Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Kasım 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 28 Sayı: 6

Kaynak Göster

APA Ozer Atakoglu, O., & Yalcın, M. G. (2022). Geostatistical analysis and spatial distribution map of geochemical contents of the Susuzdag Formation limestones. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 28(6), 851-862.
AMA Ozer Atakoglu O, Yalcın MG. Geostatistical analysis and spatial distribution map of geochemical contents of the Susuzdag Formation limestones. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. Kasım 2022;28(6):851-862.
Chicago Ozer Atakoglu, Ozge, ve Mustafa Gurhan Yalcın. “Geostatistical Analysis and Spatial Distribution Map of Geochemical Contents of the Susuzdag Formation Limestones”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 28, sy. 6 (Kasım 2022): 851-62.
EndNote Ozer Atakoglu O, Yalcın MG (01 Kasım 2022) Geostatistical analysis and spatial distribution map of geochemical contents of the Susuzdag Formation limestones. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 28 6 851–862.
IEEE O. Ozer Atakoglu ve M. G. Yalcın, “Geostatistical analysis and spatial distribution map of geochemical contents of the Susuzdag Formation limestones”, Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 28, sy. 6, ss. 851–862, 2022.
ISNAD Ozer Atakoglu, Ozge - Yalcın, Mustafa Gurhan. “Geostatistical Analysis and Spatial Distribution Map of Geochemical Contents of the Susuzdag Formation Limestones”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 28/6 (Kasım 2022), 851-862.
JAMA Ozer Atakoglu O, Yalcın MG. Geostatistical analysis and spatial distribution map of geochemical contents of the Susuzdag Formation limestones. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2022;28:851–862.
MLA Ozer Atakoglu, Ozge ve Mustafa Gurhan Yalcın. “Geostatistical Analysis and Spatial Distribution Map of Geochemical Contents of the Susuzdag Formation Limestones”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 28, sy. 6, 2022, ss. 851-62.
Vancouver Ozer Atakoglu O, Yalcın MG. Geostatistical analysis and spatial distribution map of geochemical contents of the Susuzdag Formation limestones. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 2022;28(6):851-62.





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