Hybrid model chipless RFID tags based on the integration of filter theory and multi-resonator circuit

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 2, 196 - 201, 30.04.2024

Mert Büyüktuna , Ali Kürşad Görür

Öz

In this paper, a hybrid model chipless radio frequency identification (RFID) tag is introduced. It is constructed by using multi-resonator circuit with a bandstop filter simultaneously. Bandstop filter section is conventionally designed by quarter-wave open-circuited stubs, while the multi-resonator circuit is developed by coupling dual-band co-directional split ring resonators (CDSRRs) to a feeding line. Each stub and CDSRR can provide two and four frequency codes, respectively. The open-circuited stubs can form the resonant frequencies within wide frequency range, while the CDSRRs have notch band characteristics. The proposed hybrid model approach has the ability of combining notch and wide band resonant frequencies on a single circuit. A 12-bit chipless RFID tag is designed by locating two wideband monopole antennas vertically and horizontally at the end of the multi-resonator circuit. The monopole antennas are formed by using two orthogonal ellipses. 000000000000 and 100100100100 frequency coded two tags have been experimentally investigated.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Chipless, RFID tag, Split ring resonator, Bandstop filter, Monopole antenna

Filtre teorisi ve çoklu rezonatör devresinin entegrasyonu temeline dayalı hibrit model çipsiz RFID etiketleri

Öz

Bu makalede, bir hibrit model çipsiz radyo frekansı tanımlama (RFID) etiketi tanıtılmaktadır. Bu etiket çoklu rezonatör devresinin bir bant durduran filtre ile eş zamanlı kullanılmasıyla oluşturulmaktadır. Çoklu rezonatör devresi çift bantlı eş yönlü ayrık halka rezonatörlerin (CDSRR) bir besleme hattına kuplajlanmasıyla geliştirilirken, bant durduran filtre bölümü çeyrek dalga boyunda açık devre sonlandırmalı saplamalar kullanarak tasarlanmaktadır. Her yan hat ve CDSRR, sırasıyla iki ve dört frekans kodu sağlayabilmektedir. CDSRRlar çentik bant karakteristiğine sahipken, açık devre saplamalar rezonans frekanslarını geniş frekans aralığında oluşturabilmektedir. Önerilen hibrit model yaklaşımı, çentik ve geniş bant rezonans frekanslarını tek bir devre üzerinde birleştirme yeteneğine sahiptir. 12 bitlik çipsiz bir RFID etiketi, çoklu rezonatör devresinin ucuna dikey ve yatay olarak iki geniş bant monopol anten yerleştirilerek tasarlanmaktadır. Monopol antenler iki ortogonal elips kullanılarak oluşturulmaktadır. 000000000000 ve 100100100100 frekans kodlarına sahip iki etiket deneysel olarak incelenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çipsiz, RFID etiketi, Ayrık halka rezonatör, Bant durduran filtre, Monopol anten

Kaynakça

• [1] Preradovic S, Karmakar NC. "Chipless RFID: Bar code of the future". IEEE Microwave Magazine, 11(7), 87-97, 2010.
• [2] Nijas CM, Dinesh R, Deepak U, Rasheed A, Mridula S, Vasudevan K, Mohanan P. "Chipless RFID tag using multiple microstrip open stub resonators". IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 60(9), 4429-4432, 2012.
• [3] Ashraf MA, Alshoudokhi YA, Behairy HM, Alshareef MR, Alshebeili SA, Issa K, Fathallah H. “Design and analysis of multi-resonators loaded broadband antipodal tapered slot antenna for chipless RFID applications”. IEEE Access, 5, 25798-25807, 2017.
• [4] Mousa ME, Abdullah HH, El din Abo El-Soud M. "Compact chipless RFID tag based on fractal antennas and multiple microstrip open stub resonators". 2018 Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium (PIERS-Toyama), 01-04 August, 2018.
• [5] Prabavathi P, Rani SS. "Design of frequency-signature based multiresonators using quarter wavelength open ended stub for chipless RFID Tag". 2019 National Conference on Communications (NCC), 20-23 February, 2019.
• [6] Nijas CM, Vinesh PV, Sajitha VR, Anila PV, Mohanan P. "Optimisation of quarter wave microstrip open stub resonators for chipless RFID applications". 2013 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium (APSURSI), 07-13 July, 2013.
• [7] Zhang YJ, Gao RX, He Y, Tong MS. "Effective design of microstrip-line chipless rfid tags based on filter theory". IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 67(3), 1428-1436, 2019.
• [8] Tu MT, Cheong P, Choi WW. "Defected ground structure with half-wavelength spiral resonator of ultrawide band chipless RFID tag". IEEE Journal of Radio Frequency Identification, 3(3), 121-126, 2019.
• [9] Preradovic S, Balbin I, Karmakar NC, Swiegers GF. "Multiresonator-Based chipless RFID system for low-cost item tracking". IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 57(5), 1411-1419, 2009.
• [10] Lopes B, Ferreira T, Matos JN. "Design guidelines for gap coupled spiral microstrip resonators in chipless RFID Tags". IEEE Journal of Radio Frequency Identification, 4(4), 525-531, 2020.
• [11] Rodrigues RAA, Gurjão EC, de Assis FM. "Radar cross-section and electric field analysis of backscattering elements of chipless RFID tag". 2014 IEEE RFID Technology and Applications Conference (RFID-TA), 08-09 September, 2014.
• [12] Pranonsatit S, Narkcharoen P. "Chipless RFID multiresonators fabricated by Fill until Full (FuF) technique". 2012 IEEE International Conference on RFID-Technologies and Applications (RFID-TA), 05-07 November, 2012.
• [13] Koswatta RV, Karmakar NC. "A novel reader architecture based on UWB chirp signal interrogation for multiresonator-based chipless RFID tag reading". IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 60(9), 2925-2933, 2012.
• [14] Sharma V, Hashmi M. “Chipless RFID tag based on open-loop resonator''. 2017 IEEE Asia Pacific Microwave Conference (APMC), 13-16 November, 2017.
• [15] Girbau D, Lorenzo J, Lazaro A, Ferrater C, Villarino R. "Frequency-Coded chipless RFID tag based on dual-band resonators". IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, 11, 126-128, 2012.
• [16] Gorur AK, Dogan E, Ayas G, Karpuz C, Gorur A. "Multibit Chipless RFID Tags Based on the Transition Among Closed- and Open-Loop Resonators". IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 70(1), 101-111, 2022.
• [17] Bhuiyan MS, Azad A, Karmakar N. "Dual-band modified complementary split ring resonator (MCSRR) based multi-resonator circuit for chipless RFID tag". 2013 IEEE Eighth International Conference on Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information Processing, 02-05 April, 2013.
• [18] Athauda T, Karmakar NC. "The Realization of chipless RFID resonator for multiple physical parameter sensing". IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 6(3), 5387-5396, 2019.
• [19] Abdulkawi WM, Sheta AFA. “Four-state coupled-line resonator for chipless RFID tags application”. Electronics, 8(5), 1-12, 2019.
• [20] Abdulkawi WM, Sheta AA. "K-state resonators for high-coding-capacity chipless RFID applications". IEEE Access, 7, 185868-185878, 2019.
• [21] Gorur AK. “A Dual-Band Balun BPF using codirectional split ring resonators”. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, 30(10), 949-952, 2020.
• [22] Gorur AK. “A novel dual-band bandpass filter using co-directional split ring resonators with closely spaced passbands and wide upper stopband”. International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer‐Aided Engineering, 28(4), 1-7, 2018.
• [23] Pozar DM. Microwave Engineering. 3rd Ed. New York, USA, Wiley, 2003.