Optimization of İzmir’s public transportation system by linear programming and sensitivity analysis

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 5, 630 - 649, 30.10.2024

Çağla Görgülü , Lale Görgülü , Yavuz Duvarci

Öz

This study will focus on public transportation problems in terms of
energy consumption, excessive travel time, and fares. The study seeks
the best solutions for such concerns in the Izmir case. It aims to optimize
these subjects for the tramway and bus systems, which are comparable
in terms of origin and destination points. This study, also, draws
attention to the integration issue of the transportation modes. The
methods employed in this study are linear programming and sensitivity
analysis. For this study, nine routes, which have both tramway and bus
lines, were determined. The routes sharing the same transfer points
were taken to investigate which transportation type would be the most
convenient or useful, what their drawbacks and positive outcomes
would be, and which one would be environmentally friendly, with
especially the lowest cost. For linear programming, the Solver tool of
Microsoft Excel® software was utilized. Initially, the objective functions
were identified as minimization of energy consumption, minimization
of route length and minimization of passenger costs. The data about
energy consumptions, speeds, and passenger volumes were collected are
constraints of optimizations. Finally, sensitivity analysis was conducted
to assessthe findings. The best solutions with bus and tram options were
found for both passengers and operators. Optimal routes are Fahrettin
Altay-Alsancak, Fahrettin Altay-Halkapınar, Mavişehir-Bostanlı and
Egekent-Bostanlı. The study contributes to the literature using the time
matrix besides to the transport cost matrix. Thus, this research serves
not only for monetary aims but also for environmental and social aims.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Public transportation, Operations research, Linear programming, Sensitivity analysis, Energy consumption

İzmir’in toplu ulaşım sisteminin doğrusal programlama ve duyarlılık analizi aracılığıyla optimizasyonu

Öz

Bu çalışma, enerji tüketimi, seyahat süresi ve ulaşım ücreti
perspektiflerinden toplu ulaşım problemlerine odaklanmaktadır.
Çalışmanın amacı İzmir örneğinde görülen benzer ulaşım sorunlarına
yönelik güzergâh açısından karşılaştırılabilir olan tramvay ve otobüs
sistemleri için en iyi çözümleri sunmaktır. Ayrıca, bu çalışma farklı
ulaşım tipleri arasındaki bütünleşme konusuna dikkat çekmektedir.
Çalışmada kullanılan yöntemler doğrusal programlama ve duyarlılık
analizidir. Bu çalışma için hem tramvay hem de otobüs hattına sahip
dokuz rota belirlenmiştir. Hangi ulaşım tipinin daha uygun veya
kullanışlı olduğunu, bunların olumsuz ve olumlu sonuçlarının neler
olduğunu ve hangisinin çevre dostu ve yolcu bütçesine dost olduğunu
incelemek üzere aynı aktarma noktalarını paylaşan rotalar seçilmiştir.
Doğrusal programlama Microsoft Excel® yazılımının bir uzantısı olan
çözücü aracıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. İlk olarak, amaç fonksiyonları en
küçük enerji tüketimi, en küçük rota uzunluğu ve en küçük yolcu ücreti
olarak tanımlanmıştır. Elde edilen enerji tüketimi, hız ve yolcu hacmi
verileri optimizasyonların kısıtlarıdır. Son olarak, bulgular duyarlılık
analizi aracılığıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Hem yolcular hem ulaşım
işletmecileri için otobüs ve tramvay seçenekli en iyi sonuçlar tespit
edilmiştir. En uygun rotalar Fahrettin Altay-Alsancak, Fahrettin AltayHalkapınar, Mavişehir-Bostanlı ve Egekent-Bostanlı rotalarıdır. Bu
çalışma, ulaşım maliyet matrisinin yanı sıra seyahat süresi matrisini
kullanarak literatüre katkı sağlamaktadır. Böylece, bu araştırma
sadece mali amaçlara değil, çevresel ve sosyal amaçlara da hizmet
etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Toplu ulaşım, Yöneylem araştırması, Doğrusal programlama, Duyarlılık analizi, Enerji tüketimi

Kaynakça

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