Effect of superplasticizer on the fresh and hardened properties of mortars prepared with different types of cement produced from the same clinker

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 5, 660 - 667, 30.10.2024

Derya Över , Nesil Özbakan , Sinan Açıkyol , Abdulkadir Bakırcı

Öz

In recent years, extensive research has been done on using
superplasticizers as a chemical additive in concrete. However, these
studies generally compare the effects of superplasticizers on cements of
different compositions. This paper presents data from laboratory tests
of mortars prepared with various cement types produced from the same
clinker at the same plant. Increasing dosages of superplasticizers (i.e.
0.8%, 1.0% and 1.2%) were added to CEMI, CEMII, CEMIII and CEMIV
cements produced from the same clinker. The effects of superplasticizers
on the workability and strength were analyzed by fresh and hardened
mortar tests. The results showed that clinker played the main role when
superplasticizer was used. Other modifications made to that cement,
had a minor effect only. The use of superplasticizers improved cement
behavior, increased flowability and reduced water requirement,
regardless of cement type. Moreover, the flexural and compressive
strengths increased since the addition of superplasticizers improved the
compressibility of the mortar.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cement, Clinker, Superplasticizers, Fresh properties, Hardened properties

Süperakışkanlaştırıcının aynı klinkerden üretilen farklı çimento türleri ile hazırlanan harçların taze ve sertleşmiş özelliklerine etkisi

Öz

Son yıllarda, süper akışkanlaştırıcıların betonda kimyasal katkı olarak
kullanılması konusunda birçok araştırma yapılmıştır. Ancak bu
çalışmalar genellikle süper akışkanlaştırıcıların farklı bileşimlerdeki
çimentolar üzerindeki etkilerini karşılaştırmaktadır. Bu makale, aynı
fabrikada aynı klinkerden üretilen farklı çimento türleri ile hazırlanan
harçların laboratuvar testlerinden elde edilen verileri sunmaktadır.
Aynı klinkerden üretilen CEMI, CEMII, CEMIII ve CEMIV çimentolarına
artan dozlarda süper akışkanlaştırıcı (%0.8, %1.0 ve %1.2) eklenmiştir.
Süper akışkanlaştırıcı ilavesinin işlenebilirlik ve dayanım üzerindeki
etkileri taze ve sertleştirilmiş harç testleri ile analiz edilmiştir. Sonuçlar,
süper akışkanlaştırıcı kullanıldığında klinkerin ana rolü oynadığını
göstermektedir. Çimentoda yapılan diğer modifikasyonların yalnızca
küçük bir etkisi olmuştur. Süper akışkanlaştırıcı kullanımı, çimento
tipinden bağımsız olarak çimento davranışını iyileştirmiş, akışkanlığı
artırmış ve su gereksinimini azaltmıştır. Ayrıca, süper akışkanlaştırıcı
ilavesi harcın sıkıştırılabilirliğini geliştirdiği için eğilme ve basınç
dayanımları artmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çimento, Klinker, Süperakışkanlaştırıcı, Taze özellikler, Sertleşmiş özellikler

Kaynakça

• [1] TS EN 196-3. "Methods of testing cement-Part 3: Determination of setting times and soundness". 2017.
• [2] Punkki J, Penttala V. "Water requirement of cement , W 180 - A practical test method". Nordic Concrete ResearchPublications, 27, 95-104, 200.
• [3] Erdogan ST. "Effect of clinker phase distribution within cement particles on properties of a hydrating cement paste". Construction and Building Materials, 38, 941-949, 2013.
• [4] Vuk K, Tinta V, GabrovsÏek R, KaucÏic V. "The effects of limestone addition, clinker type and fineness on properties of Portland cement". Cement and Concrete Research, 31, 135-139, 2001.
• [5] Mardani-Aghabaglou A, Boyacı OC, Hosseinnezhad H, Felekoglu B, Ramyar K. "Effect of gypsum type on properties of cementitious materials containing high range water reducing admixture". Cement and Concrete Composites, 68, 15-26, 2016.
• [6] Vikan H, Justnes H, Winnefeld F, Figi R. "Correlating cement characteristics with rheology of paste". Cement and Concrete Research, 37, 1502-1511, 2007.
• [7] Hosten C, Fidan B. "An industrial comparative study of cement clinker grinding systems regarding the speci fi c energy consumption and cement properties". Powder Technology, 221, 183-188, 2012.
• [8] Türkel S, Felekoglu B, Dulluc S. "Influence of various acids on the physico - mechanical properties of pozzolanic cement mortars". Sadhana, 32(6), 683-691, 2007.
• [9] Dinakar P, Babu KG, Santhanam M. "Corrosion behaviour of blended cements in low and medium strength concretes". Cement and Concrete Composites, 29, 136-145, 2007.
• [10] Felekoglu B, Ramyar K, Tosun K, Musal B. "Sulfate resistances of different types of Turkish Portland cements by selecting the appropriate test methods". Construction and Building Materials, 20, 819-823, 2006.
• [11] Sahmaran M, Kasap O, Duru K, Yaman IO. "Effects of mix composition and water-cement ratio on the sulfate resistance of blended cements". Cement and Concrete Composites, 29, 159-167, 2007.
• [12] Abrão PCRA, Cardoso FA, John VM. "Efficiency of Portlandpozzolana cements : Water demand , chemical reactivity and environmental impact". Construction and Building Materials, 247, 1-16, 2020.
• [13] Burgos-Montes O, Alonso MM, Puertas F. "Viscosity and water demand of limestone- and fly ash-blended cement pastes in the presence of superplasticisers". Construction and Building Materials, 48, 417-423, 2013.
• [14] Elmrabet R, El Harfi A, El Youbi MS. "ScienceDirect study of properties of fly ash cements". Materials Today: Proceedings, 13, 850-856, 2019.
• [15] Feng X, Clark B. "Evaluation of the physical and chemical properties of fly ash products for use in portland cement concrete". 2011 World of Coal Ash (WOCA) Conference, Denver, CO, USA, 9-12 May 2011.
• [16] Kourounis S, Tsivilis S, Tsakiridis PE, Papadimitriou GD, Tsibouki Z. "Properties and hydration of blended cements with steelmaking slag". Cement and Concrete Research, 37, 815-822, 2007.
• [17] Yuksel I. Blast-Furnace slag. Editors: Siddique R, Cachim P, Waste and Supplementary Cementitious Materials in Concrete, 361-415, Woodhead Publishing, 2018.
• [18] Nochaiya T, Wongkeo W, Chaipanich A. "Utilization of fly ash with silica fume and properties of Portland cement - fly ash - silica fume concrete". Fuel, 89, 768-774, 2010.
• [19] Rao GA. "Investigations on the performance of silica fumeincorporated cement pastes and mortars". Cement and Concrete Research, 33, 1765-1770, 2003.
• [20] Koçak Y. "The effects of super plasticizer and trass on the cement hydration". Pamukkale University Journal of Engineering Sciences, 23(3), 184-192, 2017.
• [21] American Concrete Institute. “Guide for the Use of HighRange Water-Reducing Admixtures (Superplasticizers) in Concrete”. Farmington Hills, Michigan, ACI 212, 4R-93, 1998.
• [22] Mehta PK, Monteiro PJM. Concrete: Microstructure, Properties, and Materials. 3rd ed. New York, USA, McGrawHill Education, 2006.
• [23] Chandra S, Björnström J. "Influence of cement and superplasticizers type and dosage on the fluidity of cement mortars-Part I". Cement and Concrete Research, 32, 1605-1611, 2002.
• [24] Gelardi G, Flatt RJ. Working Mechanisms of Water Reducers and Superplasticizers. Editors: , Science and Technology of Concrete Admixtures, 257-278, Woodhead publishing, 2016.
• [25] Burgos-montes O, Palacios M, Rivilla P, Puertas F. "Compatibility between superplasticizer admixtures and cements with mineral additions". Construction and Building Materials, 31, 300-309, 2012.
• [26] Ghosal M, Chakraborty AK. "Superplasticizer compatibility with cement properties-a study". Materials Today: Proceedings, 56, 568-573, 2022.
• [27] Flatt RJ, Houst YF. "A simplified view on chemical effects perturbing the action of superplasticizers". Cement and Concrete Research, 31, 1169-1176, 2001.
• [28] Houst YF, Flatt RJ, Bowen P, Hofmann H, Mäder U, Widmer J, et al. "Influence of Superplasticizer Adsorption on the Rheology of Cement Paste". In: In Proceedings of the International RILEM Conference on" The Role of Admixtures in High Performance Concrete. RILEM Publications S.A.R.L., Cachan, France: Monterrey, Mexico, 1999, 387-402.
• [29] European Committee for Standardization. “Cement. Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements”. Brussels, Belgium, EN 197-1, 2011.
• [30] European Committee for Standardization. "Methods of testing cement-Part 1: Determination of strength". Brussels, Belgium, EN 196-1, 2016.
• [31] European Committee for Standardization. "Methods of test for mortar for masonry-Part 3: Determination of consistence of fresh mortar (by flow table)". Brussels, Belgium, EN 1015-3, 2000.
• [32] Bonen D, Sarkar SL. "The superplasticizer adsorption capacity of cement pastes, pore solution composition, and parameters affecting flow loss". Cement and Concrete Research, 25(7), 1423-1434, 1995.
• [33] Zhang J, Deng H, Taheri A, Deng J, Ke B. "Effects of superplasticizer on the hydration, consistency, and strength development of cemented paste backfill". Minerals, 8(9), 1-13, 2018.
• [34] Björnström J, Chandra S. "Effect of superplasticizers on the rheological properties of cements". Materials and Structures, 36, 685-692, 2003.
• [35] Qiu J, Guo Z, Yang L, Jiang H, Zhao Y. "Effects of packing density and water film thickness on the fluidity behaviour of cemented paste backfill". Powder Technology, 359, 27-35, 2020.
• [36] Kwan AKH, Chen JJ. "Roles of packing density and water film thickness in rheology and strength of cement paste". Journal of Advanced Concrete Technology, 10(10), 332- 344, 2012.
• [37] Li Y, Chen JJ, Kwan AKH. "Roles of water film thickness in fresh and hardened properties of mortar". Advances in Cement Research, 25(3), 171-182, 2013.
• [38] Zhang Z, Feng Q, Zhu W, Lin X, Chen K, Yin W, et al. "Influence of sand-cement ratio and polycarboxylate superplasticizer on the basic properties of mortar based on water film thickness". Materials, 14(17), 1-17, 2021.
• [39] Kwan AKH, Li LG. "Combined effects of water film, paste film and mortar film thicknesses on fresh properties of concrete". Construction and Building Materials, 50, 598-608, 2014.
• [40] Wu Q, An X, Liu C. "Effect of polycarboxylate-type superplasticizer on the paste fluidity based on the water film thickness of flocs". Science China Technological Sciences, 57(8), 1522-1531, 2014.
• [41] Li LG, Kwan AKH. "Mortar design based on water film thickness". Construction and Building Materials, 25(5), 2381-2390, 2011.
• [42] Alsadey S. "Effect of Superplasticizer on Fresh and Hardened Properties of Concrete". Journal of Agricultural Science and Engineering, 1(2), 70-74, 2015.
• [43] Sathyan D, Anand KB, Aparna S. "Optimization of superplasticizer in portland pozzolana cement mortar and concrete". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 310(1), 1-10, 2018
• [44] Jayasree C, Gettu R. "Correlating properties of paste, mortar and concrete". The Indian Concrete Journal, 84(7), 7-18, 2010.
• [45] Alsadey S. "Influence of superplasticizer on strength of concrete". International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, 1(3), 164-166, 2012.