FV sistemlerde kısmi gölgeleme koşullarında maksimum güç noktası takibi için metasezgisel algoritmaların karşılaştırmalı performans analizi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 7, 891 - 905, 28.12.2024

Emrah Gürkan Ahmet Güner

Öz

Fotovoltaik sistemler, güneş ışınımını doğrudan elektriğe dönüştüren
yenilenebilir enerji sistemlerinden birisidir. FV sisteme ait akım ile
gerilim arasındaki ilişki doğrusal değildir ve güç verimliliğinin en büyük
olduğu tek bir nokta bulunmaktadır. Güç verimliliği esas olarak güneş
ışınımı ve sıcaklık gibi atmosferik koşullara bağlıdır. Bu nedenle
literatürde, maksimum verimliliği elde etmek için çeşitli maksimum güç
noktası takibi algoritmaları önerilmiştir. Önerilen geleneksel yöntemler
tek tip ışınım ve sabit sıcaklık koşulları altında maksimum güç noktası
takibinde yüksek performans göstermektedir. Fakat güç verimliliğini
etkileyen diğer bir durum, kısmi gölgeli koşuldur ve kısmi gölgeli
koşullarda, çıkış gücü eğrisi üzerinde birden fazla maksimum nokta
bulunmaktadır. Bu sebeple, geleneksel yöntemler global maksimum güç
noktalarına ulaşmak için yetersiz kalmaktadırlar. Bu sorunu
çözebilmek için metasezgisel algoritmalar önerilmiştir. Bu çalışmada,
önerilen metasezgisel algoritmalar içerisinden parçacık sürü
optimizasyonu, gri kurt optimizasyonu ve balina optimizasyonu
algoritmaları seçilerek kısmi gölgeli koşullarda yakınsama hızı ve
verimlilik açısından karşılaştırmalı performans analizleri yapılmıştır.
Elde edilen sonuçlar hem grafiksel hem de sayısal olarak
karşılaştırılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fotovoltaik sistemler, Metasezgisel algoritmalar, Parçacık sürü optimizasyonu, Gri kurt optimizasyonu, Balina optimizasyonu, Kısmi gölgeli koşullar

Comparative performance analysis of metaheuristic algorithms for maximum power point tracking under partial shading conditions in PV systems

Öz

Photovoltaic systems are one of the renewable energy systems that
convert solar radiation directly into electricity. The relationship
between current and voltage of PV system is nonlinear and it has only
one point where power efficiency is greatest. Power efficiency mainly
depends on atmospheric conditions such as irradiance and
temperature. Therefore, various maximum power point tracking
algorithms have been proposed in the literature to obtain maximum
efficiency. The proposed traditional methods show high performance
for maximum power point tracking under uniform irradiance and
constant temperature. But another situation that affects the power
efficiency is the partial shading condition and there are more maximum
points on the output power curve in the partial shading conditions. For
this reason, traditional methods are insufficient to reach global
maximum power points. Metaheuristic algorithms have been proposed
to solve this problem. In this paper, particle swarm optimization, gray
wolf optimization and whale optimization algorithms were selected
among the metaheuristic algorithms and comparative performance
analysis were made in terms of convergence rate and efficiency under
partial shading conditions. Obtained results were compared both
graphically and numerically.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Photovoltaik systems, Metaheuristic algorithms, Particle swarm optimization, Gray wolf optimization, Whale optimization, Partial shading conditions

Kaynakça

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