Analysis of permaculture potential of agro-ecological regions with GIS and RS techniques: An example of Ankara Stream Basin

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 31 Sayı: 3, 435 - 451, 30.06.2025

Ceren Özcan Tatar , Bilge Bingül , Emrah Pekkan , Saye Nihan Çabuk

Öz

Conventional agricultural practices have led to widespread environmental degradation, prompting the need for sustainable alternatives like permaculture that offer resilience and ecological harmony. As a holistic approach, permaculture emphasizes the creation of self-sustaining agricultural systems that work in concert with natural ecosystems. This study aims to assess the viability of permaculture practices in the Ankara Stream Basin, located in Central Anatolia, Türkiye, which is known for its challenging agricultural conditions due to poor soil quality and low rainfall, by utilizing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) technologies. The analysis integrates climatic data (precipitation, humidity, average temperature), topographical factors (elevation, slope, aspect), and soil characteristics (texture, fertility, erosion) to identify potential permaculture zones. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and weighted overlay analysis were used to evaluate these factors. Results indicate that areas around Ova Stream and the northern parts of Çubuk Stream exhibit high suitability for permaculture due to favorable climate, topography, and productivity. Conversely, urban areas, regions with significant erosion, and low soil fertility are deemed unsuitable. The study highlights that permaculture could enhance production and rehabilitate systems damaged by conventional agriculture, providing a sustainable alternative for the region's ecological and economic development.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Permaculture , Analytic Hierarchical Process (AHP) , Suitability for Site Selection , Agro-Ecological Zones (AEZ) , Geographical Information Systems (GIS) , Remote Sensing (RS)

Agro-ekolojik bölgelerin permakültür potansiyelinin CBS ve UA teknikleri ile analizi: Ankara Çayı Havzası örneği

Öz

Geleneksel tarım uygulamaları, yaygın çevresel tahribata yol açmış ve bu durum, direnç ve ekolojik uyum sunan sürdürülebilir alternatifler olan permakültür gibi yöntemlerin ihtiyacını doğurmuştur. Bütünsel bir yaklaşım olan permakültür, doğal ekosistemlerle uyum içinde çalışan kendi kendine sürdürülebilir tarım sistemlerinin oluşturulmasını vurgular. Bu çalışma, Türkiye'nin Orta Anadolu bölgesinde yer alan ve zayıf toprak kalitesi ile düşük yağış nedeniyle zorlu tarım koşullarıyla bilinen Ankara Çayı Havzası'nda, Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) ve Uzaktan Algılama (UA) teknolojileri kullanarak, permakültür uygulamalarının yaşayabilirliğini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Analizde, potansiyel permakültür bölgelerin belirlenmesi için iklim verileri (yağış, nem, ortalama sıcaklık), topografik faktörler (yükseklik, eğim, yön) ve toprak özellikleri (doku, verimlilik, erozyon) entegre edilmiştir. Bu faktörler, Analitik Hiyerarşi Yöntemi (AHP) ve ağırlıklı örtüşme analizi kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuçlar, Ova Deresi çevresindeki alanların ve Çubuk Çayı'nın kuzey kısımlarının, elverişli iklim, topografi ve verimlilik nedeniyle permakültür için yüksek uygunluk gösterdiğini belirtmektedir. Buna karşılık, kentsel alanlar, önemli erozyonu olan bölgeler ve düşük toprak verimliliği olan bölgeler uygun görülmemektedir. Çalışma, permakültürün, geleneksel tarım tarafından zarar görmüş sistemleri iyileştirebileceğini ve bölgenin ekolojik ve ekonomik kalkınması için sürdürülebilir bir alternatif sağlayabileceğini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Permakültür , Analitik Hiyerarşi Yöntemi (AHP) , Yer seçimine uygunluk , Agro-Ekolojik Bölgeler (AEB) , Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) , Uzaktan Algılama (UA)

Kaynakça

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