Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri'nde Nükleer Enerji Gelişimi: Nükleer Enerji Talebinde Bulunan Diğer Ülkeler İçin Bir Model mi?

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 12 Sayı: Özel Sayı, 212 - 224, 29.10.2023

Cıgdem Pekar

Öz

Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri (BAE) sivil bir nükleer enerji programına sahip ilk Arap ülkesi olmak için iddialı bir plan oluşturmuş ve bu planını büyük ölçüde uygulamıştır. BAE'deki nükleer enerji gelişimine genel bir bakış sunan bu çalışma, belirli BAE politika ile ülkenin bu politikaları uygulamadaki ısrarı da dahil olmak üzere çok sayıda önemli temel unsurun ülkenin nükleer enerji programı oluşturmadaki başarısını açıklayacağını öne sürmektedir. İlk olarak, BAE sadece ülkenin bilimsel ve teknolojik kapasitesinin geliştirilmesinde değil, aynı zamanda yasal, düzenleyici ve kurumsal altyapısının oluşturulmasında da Uluslararası Atom Enerjisi Ajansı (UAEA) ile yakın işbirliği içinde çalışmıştır. İkinci olarak, BAE'nin zorunlu uluslararası nükleer hukuk anlaşmalarına, sözleşmelerine ve nükleer silahların yayılmasının önlenmesi, emniyet, güvenlik ve sorumluluğa dair uluslararası tedbirlere gönüllü olarak katılması kritik önem taşımıştır. Son olarak, yabancı hükümetler ve kuruluşlarla çeşitli ikili anlaşmaların imzalanması da ülkenin nükleer programının başarısında önemli bir rol oynamıştır. Çalışma aynı zamanda BAE'nin nükleere yeni giren bir ülke olarak yaşadığı tecrübenin, barışçıl nükleer enerji programı yürütmek isteyen nükleer enerjiye sahip olmayan devletler için bir model program olarak görülmesi önerisine verilen olumlu ve olumsuz yanıtları da değerlendirmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Birleşik Arap Emirlikleri (BAE), nükleer enerji, nükleer işbirliği, nükleer yayılmanın önlenmesi rejimi

Nuclear Energy Development in the United Arab Emirates: A Model for Other Nuclear Energy Aspirant States?

Öz

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) established and largely carried out an ambitious plan to become the first Arab country to have a civilian nuclear energy program. By providing an overview of the nuclear energy development in the UAE, the study suggests that numerous important elements, including specific Emirati policies and methods, and the country's persistence in implementing these policies, would explain the country's success in building a nuclear energy program. Firstly, the UAE has worked closely with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) not only in building the scientific and technological capabilities of the country but also in legal, regulatory and institutional infrastructure. Secondly, it was critical for the UAE to join mandatory international nuclear law treaties, agreements, and even voluntary international measures for nuclear non-proliferation, safety, security, and liability. Finally, concluding various bilateral agreements with foreign governments and entities also played a major role for the success of the country’s nuclear program. The study also assesses both negative and positive responses to the suggestion that the UAE's nuclear experience as a newcomer country serves as a model program for a number of other non-nuclear states interested in pursuing a peaceful nuclear energy program.

Anahtar Kelimeler

The United Arab Emirates (UAE), nuclear energy, nuclear cooperation, nuclear non-proliferation regime

Kaynakça

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