COVID-19 pandemisinde cinsel davranış ve iyi oluş arasındaki ilişki: çevrimiçi bir anket çalışması

Öz

Amaç: COVID-19 pandemisi toplum üzerindeki psikolojik ve sosyal açıdan olumsuz etkilerinin yanı sıra bireylerin cinsel davranışlarını da etkilemiştir. Bu çalışma, COVID-19 pandemi döneminde cinsel dürtü değişiklikler ile iyilik hali arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmayı amaçlamıştır.
Gereç ve yöntem: Kesitsel tipteki bu çalışmanın verileri, 231 kişinin gönüllü katılımıyla 12 Mayıs-12 Ağustos 2021 tarihleri arasında web tabanlı bir anket formu kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Anket formunda Kısa Warwick-Edinburgh Mental iyilik ölçeğine ek olarak sosyodemografik ve sağlıkla ilgili özellikler, istihdam durumu, COVID-19 pandemi öncesi ve pandemi dönemindeki cinsel yaşam ve eş sahibi olma durumu ve COVID-19 tanı durumu ile ilgili sorular yer almıştır.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların 71'i (%30,7) tarafından pandemi döneminde cinsel istekte azalma olduğu bildirilmiştir. Cinsel dürtü azalan grup, cinsel dürtüsü artan veya değişmeyen gruplara göre yaş, medeni durum, çocuk sahibi olma durumu ve Warwick-Edinburgh ölçeği puanları açısından anlamlı farklılık gösterdi (sırasıyla, p=0,009, p=0,039, p=0,041 ve p<0,001). Lojistik regresyon modeline göre, yaştaki her 1 yıllık artış, cinsel dürtü azalma riski %8 (%95 GA: %3-12) artışı sağlarken (p=0,001) Warwick-Edinburgh ölçeği puanlarındaki 1 birimlik artış %16'lık (%95 GA: %22-10%) azalmaya neden oluyordu (p<0,001).
Sonuç: COVID-19 pandemisi katılımcıların cinsel dürtülerini ve davranışlarını etkilemiştir. Artan yaş ve düşük zihinsel refah seviyeleri, daha düşük cinsel dürtü ile ilişkilendirildi. Zihinsel sağlığı iyileştirmeyi amaçlayan programlar, cinsel davranış üzerinde faydalı bir etkiye sahip olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Cinsel davranış
• COVID-19 pandemisi
• ruh sağlığı
• cinsel aktivite

The relationship between sexual behavior and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: an online survey study

Abstract

Purpose: In addition to its psychologically and socially negative effects on society, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the sexual behavior of individuals. This study investigated the relationship between changes in sexual drive and well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic period.
Materials and methods: The data of this cross-sectional study were collected using a web-based survey between 12 May and August 12, 2021, with the voluntary participation of 231 individuals. The survey form included questions on sociodemographic and health-related characteristics, employment status, sex life before and in the COVID-19 pandemic period and status of having a partner, and COVID-19 diagnostic status, in addition to the Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale.
Results: A reduction in sexual drive in the pandemic period was reported by 71 (30.7%) of the participants. The group whose sexual drive decreased had significant differences in terms of age, marital status, the status of having children, and Warwick-Edinburgh scale scores compared to the groups whose sexual drive increased or remained unchanged (respectively, p=0.009, p=0.039, p=0.041, and p<0.001). According to the logistic regression model, each a 1-year increase in age corresponded to a 8% (95% CI: 3-12%) increase in the risk of reduced sexual drive (p=0.001), and a 1-unit increase in Warwick-Edinburgh scale scores corresponded to a 16% (95% CI: 22%-10%) decrease (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic affected the sexual drives and behavior of the participants. Increased age and lower mental well-being levels were associated with lower sexual drive. Programs aimed at improving mental well-being will have a beneficial effect on sexual behavior.

Keywords

• Sexual behavior
• COVID-19 pandemic
• mental health
• sexual activity
• Cinsel davranış
• COVID-19 pandemisi
• ruh sağlığı
• cinsel aktivite

Kaynakça

1. 1. WHO. WHO Director-General’s opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19. Available: https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020. Accessed Novomber 13, 2021
2. 2. Saladino V, Algeri D, Auriemma V. The psychological and social impact of Covid-19: new perspectives of well-being. Front Psychol 2020;11:1-6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.577684
3. 3. WHO. Measuring sexual health : Conceptual and practical considerations and related indicators. Available: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/70434/who_rhr_10.12_eng.pdf;jsessionid=FE8A73A9565490AC48D2BE3DE88F1D8D?sequence=1. Accessed Novomber 14, 2021
4. 4. Ibarra FP, Mehrad M, Di Mauro M, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the sexual behavior of the population. The vision of the east and the west. Int Braz J Urol 2020;46:104-112. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2020.S116
5. 5. Rajkumar RP, Kumaran AK. Depression and anxiety in men with sexual dysfunction: a retrospective study. Compr Psychiatry 2015;60:114-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2015.03.001
6. 6. Rosenberg M, Luetke M, Hensel D, Kianersi S, Fu TC, Herbenick D. Depression and loneliness during April 2020 COVID-19 restrictions in the United States, and their associations with frequency of social and sexual connections. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2021;56:1221-1232. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-020-02002-8
7. 7. Cito G, Micelli E, Cocci A, et al. The Impact of the COVID-19 Quarantine on Sexual Life in Italy. Urology 2021;147:37-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2020.06.101
8. 8. Feng YJ, Fan YJ, Su ZZ, et al. Correlation of sexual behavior change, family function, and male-female ıntimacy among adults aged 18-44 years during COVID-19 epidemic. Sex Med 2021;9:100301. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esxm.2020.100301

9. 9. Yuksel B, Ozgor F. Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on female sexual behavior. Int J Gynecol Obstet. 2020;150:98-102. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijgo.13193
10. 10. Arafat SMY, Alradie Mohamed A, Kumar Kar S, Sharma P, Kabir R. Does COVID-19 pandemic affect sexual behaviour? A cross-sectional, cross-national online survey. Psychiatry Res 2020;289:113050. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113050
11. 11. Sullivan KM, Dean A, Soe. OpenEpi: a web-based epidemiologic and statistical calculator for public health. Public Heal Rep 2009;124:471-474. https://doi.org/10.1177/003335490912400320
12. 12. Demirtaş AS, Baytemir K. Adaptaion of warwick-edinburgh mental well-being scale short form into Turkish: validity and reliabılıty study. Electronic Journal of Social Sciences 2019;18:664-666. https://doi.org/10.17755/esosder.432708
13. 13. Sertkaya B, Baş S. The impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on the Turkish economy: risks and possible scenarios. Dicle Univ J Econ Adm Sci 2021;11:147-167.
14. 14. Cakir B. COVID-19 in Turkey: lessons learned. J Epidemiol Glob Health 2020;10:115-117. https://doi.org/10.2991/jegh.k.200520.001
15. 15. Dawel A, Shou Y, Smithson M, et al. The effect of COVID-19 on mental health and wellbeing in a representative sample of Australian adults. Front Psychiatry 2020;11:1-8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.579985
16. 16. Ali K, Iasiello M, Van Agteren J, Mavrangelos T, Kyrios M, Daniel B.A cross-sectional investigation of the mental health and wellbeing among individuals who have been negatively impacted by the COVID-19 international border closure in Australia. Global Health 2022;18:1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12992-022-00807-7
17. 17. Mumm JN, Vilsmaier T, Schuetz JM, et al. How the COVID-19 Pandemic Affects Sexual Behavior of Hetero-, Homo-, and Bisexual Males in Germany. Sex Med 2021;9:100380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esxm.2021.100380
18. 18. Lykins AD, Janssen E, Graham CA. The relationship between negative mood and sexuality in heterosexual college women and men. J Sex Res 2006;43:136-143. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224490609552308
19. 19. Eleuteri S, Alessi F, Petruccelli F, Saladino V. The global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on individuals’ and couples’ sexuality. Front Psychol 2022;12:1-13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.798260
20. 20. Oliveira L, Carvalho J. Women’s sexual health during the pandemic of COVID-19: declines in sexual function and sexual pleasure. Curr Sex Heal Reports 2021;13:76-88. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11930-021-00309-4
21. 21. Delcea C, Chirilă VI, Săuchea AM. Effects of COVID-19 on sexual life – a meta-analysis. Sexologies 2021;30:49-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sexol.2020.12.001
22. 22. Coombe J, Kong FYS, Bittleston H, et al. Love during lockdown: findings from an online survey examining the impact of COVID-19 on the sexual health of people living in Australia. Sex Transm Infect 2021;97:357-362. https://doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2020-054688
23. 23. Micelli E, Cito G, Cocci A, et al. Desire for parenthood at the time of COVID-19 pandemic: an insight into the Italian situation. J Psychosom Obstet Gynecol 2020;41:183-190. https://doi.org/10.1080/0167482X.2020.1759545
24. 24. Karagöz MA, Gül A, Borg C, et al. Influence of COVID-19 pandemic on sexuality: a cross-sectional study among couples in Turkey. Int J Impot Res 2020;33:815-823. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41443-020-00378-4
25. 25. Baran O, Aykac A. The effect of fear of covid-19 transmission on male sexual behaviour: a cross-sectional survey study. Int J Clin Pract 2021;75:1-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcp.13889
26. 26. Kaya Y, Kaya C, Tahta T, Kartal T, Tokgöz VY. Examination of the effect of COVID-19 on sexual dysfunction in women. Int J Clin Pract 2021;75:1-5. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcp.13923
27. 27. Stevens Jr. P. Culture and sexuality. In: The International Encyclopedia of Human Sexuality. Buffalo: State University of New York; 2014:1-8. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118896877.wbiehs110
28. 28. Karsiyakali N, Sahin Y, Ates HA, Okucu E, Karabay E. Evaluation of the sexual functioning of ındividuals living in turkey during the COVID-19 pandemic: an ınternet-based nationwide survey study. Sex Med 2021;9:100279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esxm.2020.10.007
29. 29. Kalra G, Subramanyam A, Pinto C. Sexuality: desire, activity and intimacy in the elderly Indian J Psychiatry 2011;53:300-306. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5545.91902
30. 30. Demirel AC, Sütçü S. Evaluation of applications and services for the elderly during the Covid-19 outbreak in Turkey. International J Soc Res 2021;17:3641-3675. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.858337