Obez ve kilolu bireylerde yaşam kalitesi, sağlık inanç modeli ve uykusuzluğun

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, İstanbul'un bir ilçesinde ilçe sağlık müdürlüğüne bağlı diyetisyen polikliniğine başvuran obez ve fazla kilolu bireylerin yaşam kalitesi, uykusuzluk şiddeti ve sağlık inanç modeli yaklaşımlarını değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve yöntem: Bu kesitsel çalışma, Eylül 2022 ile Mart 2023 tarihleri arasında, İstanbul'un bir ilçesinde ilçe sağlık müdürlüğüne bağlı diyetisyen polikliniğine başvuran 18 yaş üstü 300 obez ve fazla kilolu birey arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Anket kapsamında uykusuzluk şiddeti indeksi, yaşam kalitesi kısa formu ve sağlık inanç modeli ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Değişkenleri karşılaştırmak için Ki-Kare testi, Mann Whitney U ve Kruskal Wallis testleri kullanılmış olup, p<0,05 istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edilmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırmaya katılanların %97,3'ü kadın ve %2,7'si erkekti. Yaşam kalitesi ölçeğinden alınan puanların ortalamaları fazla kilolu bireylerde obez bireylerden anlamlı derecede yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,001). Obez ve fazla kilolu bireyler arasında uykusuzluk şiddeti indeksi açısından anlamlı bir fark bulunmuştur (p=0,003). Ayrıca, algılanan yarar alt ölçeği ile algılanan ciddiyet, duyarlılık, sağlık önemi alt boyutları ve yaşam kalitesi ölçeği puanları arasında anlamlı bir korelasyon bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Bu çalışma, obez ve fazla kilolu bireylerin sağlık inançlarını, yaşam kalitelerini ve uykusuzluk seviyelerini ortaya koymuştur. Gelecekte yapılacak niteliksel çalışmalar, bu çalışmanın verilerini kullanarak sağlık inanç modelini daha detaylı bir şekilde ele almalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Obez
• fazla kilolu
• yaşam kalitesi
• uykusuzluk

Evaluation of quality of life, health belief model and insomnia in obese and overweight individuals: a cross-sectional study

Öz

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the quality of life, insomnia severity, and approaches according to the health belief model of obese and overweight individuals who applied to the dietician polyclinic of the district health directorate in a district of Istanbul. Material and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2022 and March 2023 among 300 obese and overweight individuals aged above 18 who applied to the dietician polyclinic of the district health directorate in a district of Istanbul. The survey used the insomnia severity index, quality of life short form, and health belief model scale. To compare variables, the Chi-Square test, Mann Whitney U, and Kruskal Wallis tests were used for statistical analysis of the data. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: 97.3% of the participants in the research were female and 2.7% were male. The mean scores of those who were overweight on the quality of life scale were found to be significantly higher than those of the obese (p<0.001). A significant difference was found between the obese and overweight in terms of insomnia severity index scores (p=0.003). Also, a significant correlation was found between the perceived benefit subscale and the perceived seriousness, sensitivity, importance of health sub-dimensions, and quality of life scale scores. Conclusions: This study demonstrated the health beliefs, quality of life, and insomnia levels of obese and overweight individuals. Qualitative studies to be conducted should address the health belief model in more detail by using the data of this study.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Obese
• overweight
• quality of life
• insomnia

Kaynakça

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