Endometriyal karsinomlarda PTEN ekspresyonunun hormon reseptörü durumu, tümör alt tipi, histolojik derece ve klinikopatolojik parametrelerle ilişkisi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, PTEN ekspresyonunun tümör özellikleri ve hastalık progresyonu ile ilişkisini incelemektedir. Endometriyal karsinom (EK), kadın genital sisteminin en yaygın malignitesidir ve genellikle Tip I (endometrioid, hormon duyarlı, iyi prognoz) ve Tip II (seröz, agresif, kötü prognoz) olarak sınıflandırılır. PTEN, hücre büyümesini düzenleyen bir tümör supresör genidir. PTEN ekspresyon kaybı özellikle Tip I EK’de sık görülmekte ve erken tümör gelişimi ile ilişkilendirilmektedir. Gereç ve yöntem: Bu çalışmada 186 EK vakası retrospektif olarak analiz edilmiştir. PTEN ekspresyonu immünohistokimyasal olarak değerlendirilmiş ve tümör boyutu, histolojik alt tip, evre, hormon reseptör durumu ve sağkalım sonuçları ile ilişkisi araştırılmıştır. Bulgular: PTEN ekspresyon kaybı olguların %81,2’sinde tespit edilmiştir. PTEN kaybı 3 cm’den büyük tümörlerde daha sık görülmesine rağmen, evre, derecelendirme, myometrial invazyon veya metastaz ile anlamlı bir ilişki göstermemiştir. p53 mutasyonu ve yüksek dereceli tümörler daha kötü sağkalım oranları ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Östrojen (ER) ve progesteron (PR) reseptör ekspresyonu ise ağırlıklı olarak endometrioid karsinomda gözlenmiştir. Sonuç: PTEN kaybı endometrioid EK’de sık görülmekle birlikte sağkalım üzerinde doğrudan bir etkisi bulunmamaktadır. Hormon reseptör durumu ve genetik değişiklikler EK patogenezinde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. PTEN ve diğer moleküler belirteçler üzerine yapılacak ileri çalışmalar, kişiselleştirilmiş tedavi stratejilerinin geliştirilmesine katkı sağlayabilir. Bu bulgular, PTEN kaybının erken tümör gelişiminde rol oynadığını ancak EK için kesin bir prognostik faktör olmadığını göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Endometrial kanser
• PTEN
• tümör hücreleri

Association of PTEN expression with hormone receptor status, tumor subtype, histological grade, and clinicopathological parameters in endometrial carcinomas

Öz

Purpose: This study investigates the relationship between PTEN expression and tumor characteristics and clinical outcomes in endometrial carcinoma (EC). EC is the most common malignancy of the female genital tract, typically classified into Type I (endometrioid, hormone-sensitive, favorable prognosis) and Type II (serous, aggressive, poor prognosis). PTEN is a tumor suppressor gene that regulates cell growth. Loss of PTEN expression is frequently observed in Type I EC and is associated with early tumorigenesis. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 186 EC cases. PTEN expression was evaluated immunohistochemically, and its association with tumor size, histological subtype, stage, hormone receptor status, and survival outcomes was analyzed. Results: Loss of PTEN expression was detected in 81.2% of cases. While PTEN loss was more prevalent in tumors >3 cm in size, it did not show a significant correlation with stage, grading, myometrial invasion, or metastasis. p53 mutation and high-grade tumors were associated with poorer survival rates. Estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression were predominantly observed in endometrioid carcinoma. Conclusions: Although PTEN loss is frequently observed in endometrioid EC, it does not directly impact survival outcomes. Hormone receptor status and genetic alterations play a crucial role in EC pathogenesis. Further studies on PTEN and other molecular markers may contribute to the development of personalized treatment strategies. These findings suggest that while PTEN loss plays a role in early tumor development, it is not a definitive prognostic factor in EC.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Endometrial cancer
• PTEN
• tumor cells

Kaynakça

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