Effect of NAC and vitamin D on pulmonary hypoplasia in rats with nitrofen-induced congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Öz

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) and vitamin D, separately and in combination, on pulmonary hypoplasia in rats with nitrofen-induced congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Materials and methods: Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups: control (C), nitrofen (N), N+NAC, N+VitD, and N+NAC+VitD. Rats, except group C, received 200 mg nitrofen on day 9.5 of gestation. NAC and vitamin D were administered for four days starting on day 16. The lungs of rats born on day 21-22 were dissected and examined morphologically, histopathologically, and immunohistochemically (transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and surfactant protein A (SP-A)). Results: Lung/body weight was significantly lower in group N than in group C. The pulmonary epithelial type was mostly mature in the treatment groups and immature in group N (p<0,05). Alveolar thickness was significantly increased in group N compared to the others. TGF-β1 expression was significantly increased while SP-A was decreased in group N compared to the others. SP-A expression was significantly increased in groups C and N+NAC+VitD compared to groups N+NAC and N+VitD. Conclusion: Vitamin D and NAC reduced pulmonary hypoplasia in rats with CDH. Although increased SP-A expression suggests that their combined use is more effective, other results do not support this.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
• N-acetyl-cysteine
• vitamin D
• transforming growth factor β1
• surfactant protein A

Destekleyen Kurum

Pamukkale University

Proje Numarası

2012TPF018

Etik Beyan

The Experimental Ethics Committee of the University approved the protocol (PAUHDEK-2012/002).

Teşekkür

We thank Hande Senol, Department of Biostatistics, Pamukkale University Medical Faculty, for the statistical analysis. We also thank Barbaros Sahin, for technical assistance during the experimental procedures.

Nac ve D vitamini’nin nitrofen ile konjenital diyafragma hernisi oluşturulan ratlarda pulmoner hipoplazi’ye etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada nitrofen ile konjenital diyafragma hernisi (KDH) oluşturulan sıçanlarda N-asetil-sistein (NAC) ve D vitamininin ayrı ayrı ve birlikte pulmoner hipoplazi üzerine etkileri araştırıldı. Gereç ve yöntem: Gebe Sprague-Dawley sıçanlar kontrol (C), nitrofen (N), N+NAC, N+VitD ve N+NAC+VitD olmak üzere 5 gruba ayrıldı. C grubu dışındaki sıçanlara gebeliğin 9.5. gününde 200 mg nitrofen verilmiştir. NAC ve D vitamini 16. günden itibaren dört gün boyunca uygulandı. 21-22. günlerde doğan sıçanların akciğerleri diseke edildi ve morfolojik, histopatolojik ve immünohistokimyasal (transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) ve sürfaktan protein A (SP-A)) olarak incelendi. Sonuçlar: Akciğer/vücut ağırlığı grup N'de grup C'ye göre anlamlı derecede düşüktü. Pulmoner epitel tipi tedavi gruplarında çoğunlukla matür iken grup N'de immatürdü (p<0,05). Alveolar kalınlık grup N'de diğerlerine kıyasla önemli ölçüde artmıştır. TGF-β1 ekspresyonu grup N'de diğerlerine kıyasla anlamlı olarak artarken SP-A azaldı. SP-A ekspresyonu C ve N+NAC+VitD gruplarında N+NAC ve N+VitD gruplarına kıyasla anlamlı olarak artmıştır. Sonuç: Vitamin D ve NAC, KDH'li sıçanlarda pulmoner hipoplaziyi azaltmıştır. SP-A ekspresyonundaki artış, birlikte kullanımlarının daha etkili olduğunu düşündürse de, diğer sonuçlar bunu desteklememektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Konjenital diyafragma hernisi
• N-asetil-sistein
• D vitamini
• transforming growth factor β1
• sürfaktan protein A

Destekleyen Kurum

Pamukkale Üniversitesi

Proje Numarası

2012TPF018

Etik Beyan

Üniversitenin Deneysel Etik Kurulu protokolü onaylamıştır (PAUHDEK-2012/002).

Teşekkür

İstatistiksel analizler için Pamukkale Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Biyoistatistik Anabilim Dalı'ndan Hande Şenol'a teşekkür ederiz. Ayrıca deneysel prosedürler sırasındaki teknik yardımları için Barbaros Şahin'e teşekkür ederiz.

Kaynakça

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