Yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesine yatış emzirme sürecini nasıl etkiliyor?

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesine yatışın ve hastanede uygulanan biberon sayısının emzirme sürecini nasıl etkilediğini araştırmak istedik. Gereç ve Yöntem: Yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesine (YYBÜ) yatırılan ve oral beslenebilen bebeklerin dosyaları retrospektif olarak tarandı. Yenidoğan bebeklerin hastanede kalış süreleri, yatış öncesi, yatış sürecindeki ve taburculuk sonrasındaki beslenme şekilleri incelendi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya YYBÜ’ye yatırılmış ve şifa ile taburcu olmuş 111 bebek alındı. Yatış öncesinde 81 bebek (%73) emzirilerek sadece anne sütü ile, 30 bebek (%27) ise emzirilmeye ek olarak mama ile beslenmekteydi. Yoğun bakımda yatış boyunca bebeklerin ancak %27,92’sinin sadece anne sütü ile beslenebildiği, %72,97’sine anne sütüne ek mama verilmek zorunda kalındığı gözlendi. Taburculuk sonrası 72 bebek (%64,86) sadece anne sütü ile, 39 bebek (%35,13) ise anne sütü ve mama ile beslenmekteydi. Taburculuk sonrasında sadece anne sütü alan bebekler ile karışık beslenen bebekler arasında yatış sürecinde bebeklere uygulanan biberon sayısı (p=0,32) ve emzirme sayısı (p=0,86) açısından anlamlı bir fark yoktu. Sonuç: YYBÜ’ne yatış anne sütü yetersizliği nedeniyle sadece anne sütü ile beslenme oranını azaltıyor ancak bu kötüleşmede biberon uygulamasının rolü olduğu söylenemez. Sağlıklı yenidoğanlarda da zamanla sadece anne sütü ile beslenme oranının azaldığı göz önünde bulundurulduğunda bu kötüleşmenin hastaneye yatıştan kaynaklandığının net olarak söylenebilmesi için hastaneye yatan ve yatmayan bebeklerin izlendiği geniş çaplı prospektif çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Emzirme
• anne sütü
• yenidoğan yoğun bakım
• formül mama

How hospitalization in the neonatal intensive care unit affects the breastfeeding process?

Abstract

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to investigate how hospitalization and number of bottles applied in the hospital affect the breastfeeding process.

Materials and methods: Pre-hospitalization, hospitalization and post-discharge feeding patterns of the babies who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) were scanned retrospectively.

Results: 111 infants who were hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care (NICU) and discharged with healing were included in the study. Prior to hospitalization, 81 babies (73%) were breastfed, and 30 babies (27%) were fed with formula in addition to breastfeeding. It was observed that only 27.92% of the babies could only be fed with breast milk during their stay in the NICU, and 72.97% had to be given additional formula to breast milk. After discharge, 72 infants (64.86%) were fed exclusively breastfeeding and 39 infants (35.13%) were fed with breast milk and formula. There was no significant difference in terms of the number of bottles (p=0.32) and breastfeeding (p = 0.86) applied to the infants during hospitalization between infants who were breastfed and mixed-fed infants.

Conclusion:  Admission to the NICU decreases the rate of exclusively breastfeeding because of insufficient breast milk, but it cannot be said that bottle application plays a role in this deterioration. Considering the fact that exclusively breastfeeding rate decreases in healthy newborns over time, large prospective studies with hospitalized and non-hospitalized infants are needed to clearly state that this deterioration is due to hospitalization.

Keywords

• Breastfeeding
• breastmilk
• NICU
• formula

Kaynakça

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