Microvessel density determined by endoglin, CD31 and VEGFR2 and its effect on survival in non-small cell lung cancers

Abstract

Purpose: Increasing day by day, cancer is a serious global health problem of our age and lung cancer is the most common cancer in the total number of cancers worldwide. Angiogenesis plays an important role in the development and metastasis of tumors. It has been shown that microvessel density (MY) calculated with different endothelial markers is associated with poor prognosis and advanced stage in some tumors and from there it is suggested that metastasis can be predicted. In our study, we aimed to detect MY immunohistochemically with endoglin, CD31 and VEGFR2 in non-small cell lung cancers (KHDAK), correlate it with serum endoglin level and compare our results with the progression of lung tumors.
Materials and methods: In our study, the expression of endoglin (CD105), CD31, VEGFR2 from angiogenic factors was examined immunohistochemically in a total of 72 lung tissues, 36 of which were squamous cell carcinomas (SHK) and 36 were adenocarcinomas. Endoglin level was determined by Elisa method from blood taken from 26 volunteers and 26 healthy volunteers diagnosed with primary lung cancer.
Results: We observed that endoglin has a greater affinity for activated endothelial cells. Both tumor types showed nonspecific CD31 staining, and MY was difficult to determine. On VEGFR2 stained sections, diffuse positivity was detected in the vessel walls inside and outside the tumor. It was found that the blood endoglin level was not statistically significant between the KHDAK and the control group. Immunohistochemically, there was no difference statistically significant between endoglin, CD31 and VEGFR2 expression and survival.
Conclusions: As a result of our study, we think that immunohistochemically specific stained endoglin in KHDAK may be a better marker in the evaluation of angiogenesis in patients with both SHK and adenocarcinoma types.

Keywords

• Non-Small cell lung cancer
• angiogenesis
• endoglin
• CD31
• VEGFR2

Küçük hücreli dışı akciğer kanserlerinde endoglin, CD31 ve VEGFR2 ile saptanan mikrodamar yoğunluğu ve sağkalıma etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Gün geçtikçe artmakta olan kanser çağımızın ciddi küresel sağlık sorunudur ve akciğer kanseri tüm dünyada toplam kanser sayısı içerisinde en sık görülen kanserdir. Tümörlerin gelişiminde ve metastazında anjiogenez önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Farklı endotel belirteçleri ile hesaplanan mikrodamar yoğunluğunun (MY) bazı tümörlerde kötü prognoz ve ileri evre ile ilişkili olduğu gösterilmiştir ve buradan hareketle metastazı öngörebileceği ileri sürülmüştür. Çalışmamızda, küçük hücreli dışı akciğer kanserlerinde (KHDAK) MY’yi immünohistokimyasal olarak endoglin, CD31 ve VEGFR2 ile tespit edip, serum endoglin seviyesi ile ilişkilendirerek sonuçlarımızı akciğer tümörlerinin progresyonu ile karşılaştırmayı amaçladık.
Gereç ve yöntem: Çalışmamızda 36 skuamöz hücreli karsinom (SHK) ve 36 adenokarsinom olmak üzere toplam 72 akciğer dokusunda anjiogenik faktörlerden endoglin (CD105), CD31, VEGFR2’nin ekspresyonu immünohistokimyasal olarak incelendi. Primer akciğer kanseri tanısı alan gönüllü 26 kişinin ve 26 sağlıklı gönüllüden alınan serumlarda endoglin seviyesi Elisa yöntemi ile tespit edildi.
Bulgular: Endoglinin aktive edilmiş endotelyal hücreleri için daha büyük bir afiniteye sahip olduğunu gözledik. Her iki tümör tipinde CD31 nonspesifik boyanma göstermiş MY daha zor tespit edilmiştir. VEGFR2 boyalı kesitlerde tümör içinde ve dışındaki damar duvarlarında yaygın pozitiflik saptandı. Serum endoglin seviyesinin KHDAK hastaları ile kontrol grubu arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmadığı tespit edildi. İmmünohistokimyasal olarak endoglin, CD31 ve VEGFR2 ekspresyonu ile sağkalım arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlılık mevcut değildi.
Sonuç: Çalışmamız sonucunda KHDAK’de immünohistokimyasal olarak spesifik boyanan endoglinin SHK ve adenokarsinom tipli hastalarda anjiogenezin değerlendirilmesinde daha iyi bir belirteç olabileceğini düşünmekteyiz.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Küçük hücreli dışı akciğer kanseri (KHDAK)
• anjiogenez
• endoglin
• CD31
• VEGFR2

Kaynakça

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