Yağ asidi kompozisyonu ile hipertansiyon arasındaki ilişki ve farmakoterapötik yaklaşımların etkileri: kesitsel bir çalışma

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 4, 901 - 910, 01.10.2025

İdris Ayhan , Saliha Ayşenur Çam Özünlü , Fatma Uysal , Hüseyin Ayhan , Seyfullah Oktay Arslan , Ibraheem Akram Omar

https://doi.org/10.31362/patd.1707477

Öz

Amaç: Yağ asitleri (YA) ile hipertansiyon (HT) arasındaki ilişki, HT patogenezinde yer aldıklarına dair kanıtlara rağmen tam olarak anlaşılmamıştır. Kardiyovasküler ilaçların YA kompozisyonunu değiştirdiğinin gösterilmiş olması, bu ilaçların ikincil kardiyovasküler etkilerini düşündürmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, YA kompozisyonu ile HT arasındaki ilişkiyi ve kardiyovasküler ilaçların YA kompozisyonu üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmaktır.
Gereç ve yöntem: Çalışmaya HT (n=69) ve kontrol (n=66) grupları dahil edilmiştir. Eritrosit hücre zarlarının YA kompozisyonu analiz edilmiş ve kardiyovasküler ilaçların YA kompozisyonu üzerindeki etkileri binomial lojistik regresyon ile değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Hipertansif hastalarda, kontrol grubuna kıyasla, daha yüksek pentadekanoik asit, palmitik asit, palmitoleik asit, oleik asit, toplam doymuş yağ asitleri (SFA) ve toplam tekli doymamış yağ asitleri (MUFA) düzeyleri ve daha düşük linoleik asit (LA), dokosahekzaenoik asit (DHA), toplam çoklu doymamış yağ asitleri (PUFA) ve Omega 3 İndeksi düzeyleri gözlemlenmiştir. Delta-6-desaturaz (D6D) ve stearoyl-CoA-desaturaz (SCD) aktiviteleri HT grubunda daha yüksek bulunmuştur.
Diüretikler, oleik asidi (OR:0,129; %95CI:0,021-0,803; p=0,028), toplam MUFA'ları (OR:0,098; %95CI:0,015-0,636; p=0,015) ve SCD indeksini (OR:0,129; %95CI:0,021-0,803; p=0,028) azaltırken, statinler gama-linolenik asidi (GLA) (OR:18,596; %95CI:1,041-332,087; p=0,047) artırmıştır. Renin-anjiyotensin sistemi ilaçları toplam PUFA'ları azaltmıştır (OR:0,188; %95CI:0,053-0,663; p=0,009).
Sonuç: Bulgular, YA kompozisyonundaki değişiklikler ile HT arasındaki ilişkiyi göstermekte ve kardiyovasküler ilaçların YA kompozisyonunu etkileyebileceğini düşündürmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hipertansiyon , yağ asidi kompozisyonu , omega-3 indeksi , kardiyovasküler ilaçlar

The association between fatty acid composition and hypertension and the effects of pharmacotherapeutic approaches: a cross-sectional study

Öz

Purpose: The relationship between fatty acids (FAs) and hypertension (HT) is not fully understood, despite evidence of their involvement in HT pathogenesis. Cardiovascular drugs have been shown to alter FA composition, suggesting secondary cardiovascular effects. This study aimed to investigate the association between FA composition and HT, as well as the impact of cardiovascular drugs on FA composition.
Materials and methods: The study included HT (n=69) and control (n=66) groups. The FA compositions of erythrocyte cell membranes were analyzed, and the effects of cardiovascular drugs on FA composition were evaluated using binomial logistic regression.
Results: Hypertensive patients exhibited higher levels of pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, total saturated fatty acids (SFAs), and total monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), and lower levels of linoleic acid (LA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and Omega 3 Index compared to controls. Delta-6-desaturase (D6D) and stearoyl-CoA-desaturase (SCD) activities were higher in the HT group. Diuretics reduced oleic acid (OR:0.129; 95%CI:0.021-0.803; p=0.028), total MUFAs (OR:0.098; 95%CI:0.015-0.636; p=0.015), and SCD index (OR:0.129; 95%CI:0.021-0.803; p=0.028), while statins enhanced gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) (OR:18.596; 95%CI:1.041-332.087; p=0.047). Renin-angiotensin system drugs decreased total PUFAs (OR:0.188; 95%CI:0.053-0.663; p=0.009).
Conclusions: The findings demonstrate an association between FA composition changes and HT and suggest that cardiovascular drugs can influence FA composition.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hypertension , fatty acid composition , omega-3 index , cardiovascular drugs

Etik Beyan

This study was approved by the Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University Clinical Research Ethics Committee under protocol number 2019/34

Destekleyen Kurum

This study was supported by Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University Scientific Research Projects Unit with project number 2028.

Kaynakça

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