THE EFFECT OF BED CAPACITY AND PUBLIC HEALTH EXPENDITURES ON PATIENT SATISFACTION LEVEL: THE CASE OF DEVELOPED AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

Öz

The aim of this study was to reveal the effect of the number of beds and the share of public health expenditures in gross domestic product on patient satisfaction, affecting the technical efficiency scores of health systems in developed and developing countries, and to compare the efficiency levels across countries by using the stochastic frontier analysis method. Another aim of the study was to determine whether the financing model of the study countries had an impact on the technical efficiency scores. In this context, the input variables of the study were determined as the number of beds per 1.000 people and the share of public health expenditures in gross domestic product, while the output variable was determined as the satisfaction with healthcare services. The study included 38 countries with available data for 2019. As a result of the analyses, it was determined that the number of beds per 1,000 people increased satisfaction with healthcare services, but this increase was not found to be statistically significant. However, it was determined that the share of public health expenditures in gross domestic product increased the satisfaction with healthcare services in a statistically significant way. Accordingly, a 1% increase in the share of public health expenditures in gross domestic product increased satisfaction with healthcare services by 0.237%. In addition, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and Norway had the highest technical efficiency scores, while Chile, Romania and Brazil had the lowest. Finally, it was found that the financing model did not significantly affect the technical efficiency scores.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bed Capacity
• Public Health Expenditure
• Patient Satisfaction
• Technical Efficiency
• Stochastic Frontier Analysis

YATAK KAPASİTESİNİN VE KAMU SAĞLIK HARCAMALARININ HASTA MEMNUNİYET DÜZEYİ ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: GELİŞMİŞ VE GELİŞMEKTE OLAN ÜLKELER ÖRNEĞİ

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı stokastik sınır analizi yöntemi ile gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerin sağlık sistemlerinin teknik etkinlik skorlarını etkileyen yatak sayısının ve kamu sağlık harcamalarının gayrisafi yurt içi hâsıla içindeki payının hasta memnuniyeti üzerindeki etkisini ortaya koymak ve ülkeler arasındaki etkinlik düzeylerini karşılaştırmaktır. Ülkelerin finansman modellerinin teknik etkinlik skorları üzerinde etkisinin olup olmadığını belirlemek, çalışmanın bir diğer amacıdır. Bu kapsamda çalışmanın girdi değişkenleri 1.000 kişiye düşen yatak sayısı ve kamu sağlık harcamalarının gayrisafi yurtiçi hâsıla içindeki payı, çıktı değişkeni ise sağlık hizmetlerinden memnuniyet oranı olarak belirlenmiştir. Çalışmaya 2019 yılı verisine ulaşılabilen 38 ülke dâhil edilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda 1.000 kişiye düşen yatak sayısının, sağlık hizmetlerinden memnuniyet oranını artırdığı, fakat söz konusu artışın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Ancak kamu sağlık harcamalarının gayrisafi yurtiçi hâsıla içindeki payının, sağlık hizmetlerinden memnuniyet oranını istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde artırdığı belirlenmiştir. Buna göre, kamu sağlık harcamalarının gayrisafi yurtiçi hâsıla içindeki payında meydana gelecek %1’lik bir artış, sağlık hizmetlerinden memnuniyet oranını %0,237 artıracaktır. Ayrıca en yüksek teknik etkinlik skoruna Lüksemburg, Hollanda ve Norveç sahip olurken, Şili, Romanya ve Brezilya en düşük etkinlik skoruna sahip ülkeler olmuştur. Son olarak, kullanılan finansman modelinin teknik etkinlik skorlarını anlamlı şekilde etkilemediği saptanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yatak Kapasitesi
• Kamu Sağlık Harcaması
• Hasta Memnuniyeti
• Teknik Etkinlik
• Stokastik Sınır Analizi

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