TEKSTİL ENDÜSTRİSİ GÜRÜLTÜSÜNÜN ÇALIŞANLARIN GÜRÜLTÜ MARUZİYETİ, GÜRÜLTÜ HASSASİYETİ VE GÜRÜLTÜ RAHATSIZLIĞI ÜZERİNDEN ANALİZİ

Öz

İş sağlığında etkileri sonradan ortaya çıkan gürültü, çalışanlar için birçok soruna neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışma, bir tekstil fabrikasında gürültü maruziyet ölçümlerinin sonuçlarını analiz etmeyi ve gürültü duyarlılığı ve rahatsızlığının bütünsel bir değerlendirmesini sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır. Alan çalışmasında, bir tekstil fabrikasındaki gürültü maruziyet seviyeleri ISO 9612:2009 standardına göre ölçülmüştür. Ayrıca, çalışanlara yüz yüze yapılandırılmış bir gürültü rahatsızlığı anketi ve Weinstein Gürültü Hassasiyeti Ölçeği (WNSS) uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular istatistiksel yöntemlerle analiz edilmiş ve değerlendirilmiştir. Alan çalışmasının eğirme ve dokuma ünitelerinde 88,5-92,3 dBA seviyelerinde yüksek gürültü maruziyet düzeyleri ölçülmüştür. İşçiler elyaf ve tozları (%67,1) ve gürültüyü (%58,9) iç mekân konfor seviyelerini etkileyen önemli parametreler olarak tanımlamıştır. WNSS Toplam Puanı ile çalışanların gürültüden rahatsız olma düzeyleri arasında da pozitif ve anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Çalışma ortamlarının bir temsili olan tekstil fabrikalarında yüksek düzeyde iç mekân gürültüsü olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, işçiler arasında gürültü farkındalığının artırılması ve etkili mühendislik ve idari kontrol önlemleri ile iç mekân gürültü seviyelerinin azaltılması gerekliliği ortaya konulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Gürültü rahatsızlığı
• Gürültü hassasiyeti
• Endüstriyel gürültü
• Mesleki gürültü maruziyeti
• Tekstil fabrikası

ANALYSIS OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY NOISE THROUGH NOISE EXPOSURE, NOISE SENSITIVITY AND NOISE ANNOYANCE OF WORKERS

Öz

Noise, the effects of which are revealed later in the occupational health, causes many problems for workers. This paper aims to analyze the results of exposure measurements in a textile factory and to provide a holistic assessment of the noise sensitivity and annoyance. In the case study, noise exposure levels in a textile factory were measured according to ISO 9612:2009. Additionally, a face-to-face structured noise annoyance questionnaire and the Weinstein Noise Sensitivity Scale (WNSS) were applied to workers. The findings were analyzed and evaluated with statistical methods. High levels of noise exposure were measured in the spinning and weaving units of the case study, with levels of 88,5 - 92,3 dBA. Workers identified fibers and powders (67,1%) and noise (58,9%) as crucial parameters affecting indoor comfort levels. A positive and significant relationship was also found between the WNSS Total Score and the noise annoyance levels of the workers (p<0,05). It has been determined that there are high levels of indoor noise in textile factories, which are a representation of working environments. In conclusion, it is necessary to increase noise awareness among workers and to reduce indoor noise level through effective engineering and administrative control precautions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Noise annoyance
• Noise sensitivity
• Industrial noise
• Occupational noise exposure
• Textile factory

Kaynakça

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