KUŞAKLARARASI PERSPEKTİFTEN DUYGUSAL DOYUM: BİR DERLEME ÇALIŞMASI

Öz

Bu derleme çalışmasının amacı, duygusal doyum kavramının Sessiz Kuşak (1925–1945), Bebek Patlaması Kuşağı (1946–1964), X Kuşağı (1965–1980), Y Kuşağı (Milenyum/İnternet Kuşağı, 1981–1996), Z Kuşağı (1997–2010) ve Alfa Kuşağı (Dijital Kuşak, 2010–2025) bireyleri arasında nasıl farklılaştığını incelemektir. Literatürde duygusal doyum kavramının sınırlı biçimde ele alınması nedeniyle, bu çalışmada söz konusu kavram yaşam doyumu, öznel iyi oluş ve benlik süreçlerinin duygusal bileşenleri aracılığıyla ele alınmıştır. Kuşak temelli örnekleme sahip ya da bulguları kuşaklara göre ayrıştırılabilen toplam on sekiz ampirik çalışma değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular, tüm kuşaklarda benlik süreçleri ile duygusal doyum arasında anlamlı ilişkiler bulunduğunu, ancak hangi benlik sürecinin daha belirleyici olduğunun kuşaklara göre farklılaştığını göstermektedir. Sessiz Kuşak ve Bebek Patlaması Kuşağına ilişkin çalışmalar, ileri yaş örneklemleri temelinde duygusal doyumun ağırlıklı olarak öz-saygı ve öz-yeterlik ile ilişkili olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. X Kuşağında öz-yeterlik, Y Kuşağında öz-şefkat ve kendilik netliği, Z Kuşağında ise dijital bağlamla ilişkili kendilik netliği öne çıkan belirleyiciler arasındadır. Alfa Kuşağında duygusal doyumun, henüz gelişim sürecinde olan benlik yapılarından ziyade, aile, okul ve akran ilişkileri gibi bağlamsal faktörler aracılığıyla dolaylı biçimde şekillendiği görülmektedir. Çalışmanın başlıca sınırlılıkları, araştırmalarda benlik değişkenlerinin kuşaklar arasında tutarlı biçimde ele alınmamış olması ve bazı örneklemlerde yaş etkisinin yeterince kontrol edilememesidir. Buna karşın elde edilen bulgular, kuşakların gelişimsel ve sosyo-kültürel özelliklerini dikkate alan benlik odaklı yaklaşımların duygusal doyumu desteklemede işlevsel olabileceğine işaret etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Benlik Süreçleri
• Duygusal Doyum
• Kuşaklar

EMOTIONAL SATISFACTION FROM AN INTERGENERATIONAL PERSPECTIVE: A NARRATIVE REVIEW

Öz

This narrative review aims to examine how emotional satisfaction differs across the Silent Generation (1925–1945), the Baby Boomer Generation (1946–1964), Generation X (1965–1980), Generation Y (Millennial/Internet Generation; 1981–1996), Generation Z (1997–2010), and Generation Alpha (Digital Generation; 2010–2025). Given the limited direct examination of emotional satisfaction as a distinct construct in the literature, this review conceptualizes emotional satisfaction through related indicators, including life satisfaction, subjective well-being, and the emotional components of self-related processes. A total of eighteen empirical studies with generation-based samples or findings that could be disaggregated by generation were included. Overall, the findings indicate that self-related processes are significantly associated with emotional satisfaction across all generations, although the specific self-processes that are most salient vary by developmental period and generational context. Studies focusing on the Silent and Baby Boomer generations, largely based on older adult samples, suggest that emotional satisfaction in later life is primarily associated with self-esteem and self-efficacy. In Generation X, self-efficacy emerges as a central determinant of emotional satisfaction, whereas in Generation Y, self-compassion and self-concept clarity appear to play a more prominent role. For Generation Z, self-concept clarity shaped by digital contexts stands out as a key factor, while in Generation Alpha, emotional satisfaction appears to be shaped indirectly through contextual factors such as family, school, and peer relationships rather than through fully developed self-structures. The main limitations of the reviewed studies include the inconsistent operationalization of self-related variables across generations and insufficient control of age effects in some samples; nevertheless, the findings suggest that self-focused approaches that take into account generational developmental and socio-cultural characteristics may provide an effective framework for supporting emotional satisfaction.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Self-Processes
• Emotional Fulfillment
• Generations

Kaynakça

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