ORTA ASYA'DA YUMUŞAK GÜÇ REKABETİ: TÜRK DEVLETLERİ TEŞKİLATI BAĞLAMINDA RUSYA VE TÜRKİYE

Öz

Bu çalışma, Orta Asya'da, özellikle Türk Devletleri Örgütü'ne (OTS) odaklanarak, Rus ve Türk yumuşak güç stratejilerinin gelişen dinamiklerini analiz etmektedir. Sovyetler Birliği'nin dağılmasının ardından Rusya, Orta Asya'da yeniden nüfuz kurmayı hedeflerken, Türkiye ise bölgedeki Türk devletleriyle olan bağları aracılığıyla güç boşluğunu doldurmaya çalışmıştır. Sovyet mirası, dilsel bağları ve enerji hakimiyeti Rusya'ya avantaj sağlarken, Türkiye ise bölgesel aktörlerle paylaşılan etnik, tarihi ve dini bağlar nedeniyle kendisini kültürel bir akraba devlet olarak konumlandırmaktadır. Her iki aktör de söylemsel güç, kurumsal kapasite, kültürel çekicilik ve ekonomik bağlar gibi çeşitli yumuşak güç unsurlarını ve eğitim ve kültür kurumları ile bölgesel ve uluslararası örgütlere aktif katılım gibi benzer araçları kullanmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, stratejik öncelikleri ve uzun vadeli vizyonları birbirinden farklıdır. Rusya'nın geleneksel hakimiyetine ve OTS'nin artan kurumsal gücüne ve ekonomik potansiyeline rağmen, çok kutuplu Avrasya düzeninin karmaşıklığını yansıtan bir şekilde, hiçbir aktör bölgenin tartışmasız lideri olarak ortaya çıkmamıştır. Bu çalışma, Türk dünyası bağlamında Rusya ve Türkiye'nin söylem ve stratejilerini inceleyerek, yumuşak güç ve jeopolitik unsurları kapsayan yeni rekabet biçimlerinin daha derinlemesine anlaşılmasına katkıda bulunmaktadır. Türk dünyası fikrinin kurumsal bir yansıması olan Türk Devletleri Teşkilatı’nın potansiyelinin tam olarak hayata geçirilmesi, Türkiye'ye bölgesel rekabette önemli avantajlar sağlayacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Türk Devletleri Teşkilatı
• Yumuşak Güç
• Orta Asya
• Türkiye
• Rusya

Etik Beyan

Yazarlar çıkar çatışması olmadığını beyan etmektedir.

SOFT POWER RIVALRY IN CENTRAL ASIA: RUSSIA AND TURKIYE WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE ORGANIZATION OF TURKIC STATES

Öz

This study analyzes the evolving dynamics of Russian and Turkish soft power strategies in Central Asia, particularly focusing on the Organization of Turkic States (OTS). After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, Russia aimed to re-establish influence across Central Asia while Turkiye sought to fill the power vacuum through its ties with the Turkic states in the region. Whereas its Soviet legacy, linguistic ties, and energy dominance provided advantages for Russia, Turkiye positions itself as a cultural kinstate due to shared ethnic, historical, and religious ties with regional actors. Both actors utilize various aspects of soft power, including discursive power, institutional capacity, cultural attractiveness, and economic ties, as well as similar tools such as educational and cultural institutions, and active participation in regional and international organizations. However, their strategic priorities and long-term visions differed from one another. Despite Russia’s traditional dominance and the OTS’s growing institutional strength and economic potential, neither actor has emerged as the region’s undisputed leader, reflecting the complexities of a multipolar Eurasian order. By examining the discourse and strategies of Russia and Turkiye in the OTS context, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the new forms of competition, encompassing soft power and geopolitical elements. Realizing the full potential of the OTS, which serves as the institutional embodiment of the idea of the Turkic world, would provide Turkiye with significant advantages in regional competition.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Organization of Turkic States
• Soft Power
• Central Asia
• Turkiye
• Russia

Etik Beyan

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.

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