Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

ABD’DEKİ TÜRK GÖÇMENLERDE KÜLTÜRLEŞME SÜRECİ

Yıl 2019, , 1 - 13, 24.10.2019
https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.543991

Öz

Bu çalışma Amerika Birleşik Devleti’ndeki (ABD) Türk
göçmenlerin yaşamlarını nasıl idare ettiklerini ile kültürleşme yönelimleri ve
Türk göçmenlerin demografik özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmayı
amaçlamaktadır.  Çalışmanın verileri ABD
dışında doğmuş olan 467 Türk göçmenden toplanmıştır. Bu çalışma hem öz/miras
kültürün hem de ana akım evsahibi kültürlerin birlikte yaşayabileceğini savunan
iki boyutlu kültürleşme yaklaşımını benimsemiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçları demografik
özelliklerin hem öz kültür hem de ana akım evsahibi kültürüyle istatistiki
olarak anlamlı bir fark oluşturduğunu, dolayısıyla Türk göçmenlerin kültürleşme
süreçlerinde anlamlı etkileri olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Etnik kimlik öz
kültüre bağlılığı açıklayan en önemli faktör iken ana akım evsahibi kültür
bağlılığına katkı sağlayan en anlamlı faktör ise Amerikan kimliğidir. ABD’de
yaşan Türk göçmenler arasında en çok tercih edilen kültürleşme yönelimi
entegrasyondur. Bu çalışmanın sonuçları kültürleşme sürecinin tek yönlü -sıfır
toplamlı- bir ilişki olmadığı aksine iki boyutlu olduğunu ve her iki kültürün
birlikte var olabileceği göstermiştir. Araştırma sonuçları öz kültür ile ana
akım evsahibi kültürü arasında positif bir korelasyon olduğunu dolayısıyla
birbirinden bağımsız ve birbirini dışlamadıklarını ortaya koymaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Alba, R. D., & Nee, V. (2003). Remaking the American mainstream: Assimilation and contemporary immigration. Harvard University Press.
  • Amer, M. M., & Hovey, J. D. (2007). Socio-demographic differences in acculturation and mental health for a sample of 2nd generation/early immigrant Arab Americans. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 9(4), 335-347.
  • Arends-Tóth, J., & Van De Vijver, Fons J. R. (2003). Multiculturalism and acculturation: Views of Dutch and Turkish Dutch. European Journal of Social Psychology, 33(2), 249-266. doi:10.1002/ejsp.143
  • Arends-Tóth, J., & van de Vijver, Fons J. R. (2006). Assessment of psychological acculturation. In D. L. Sam, & J. W. Berry (Eds.), The Cambridge handbook of acculturation psychology (pp. 142-162). New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Ataca, B., & Berry, J. W. (2002). Psychological, sociocultural, and marital adaptation of Turkish immigrant couples in Canada. International Journal of Psychology, 37(1), 13-26.
  • Bektaş, Y., Demir, A., & Bowden, R. (2009). Psychological adaptation of Turkish students at US campuses. International Journal for the Advancement of Counseling, 31(2), 130-143.
  • Berry, J. W. (1997). Immigration, Acculturation, and Adaptation. Applied Psychology, 46(1), 5–34.
  • Berry, J. W., Kim, U., Power, S., Young, M., & Bujaki, M. (1989). Acculturation attitudes in plural societies. Applied Psychology, 38(2), 185-206.
  • Birman, D., Simon, C. D., Chan, W. Y., & Tran, N. (2014). A life domains perspective on acculturation and psychological adjustment: A study of refugees from the former Soviet Union. American Journal of Community Psychology, 53(1-2), 60-72. doi:10.1007/s10464-013-9614-2 Bourhis, R. Y., Moise, L. C., Perreault, S., & Senecal, S. (1997). Towards an interactive acculturation model: A social psychological approach. International Journal of Psychology, 32(6), 369-386.
  • Carlson, E. & Güler, A. (2018). Cultural Involvement and Preference in Immigrant Acculturation. Journal of International Migration and Integration, 19: 625-647. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-018-0554-4
  • Groenewold, G., De Valk, Helga A. G., & Van Ginneken, J. (2013). Acculturation preferences of the Turkish second generation in 11 European cities. Urban Studies, 51, 1-18. doi:10.1177/0042098013505890
  • Güngör, D., & Bornstein, M. H. (2009). Gender, development, values, adaptation, and discrimination in acculturating adolescents: The case of Turk heritage youth born and living in Belgium. Sex Roles, 60, 537-548.
  • Güzey, Ö., Gültekin, N., Kirsaclioglu, O., Aksoy, E., & Ataç, E. (2014). Acculturation process of the immigrant Turks living in Deventer, The Netherlands, 54th Congress of the European Regional Science Association: Regional development and globalization: Best practices, 26-29 August 2014, St. Petersburg, Russia
  • Horenczyk, G., Jasinskaja-Lahti, I., Sam, D. L., & Vedder, P. (2013). Mutuality in acculturation toward an integration. Zeitschrift Für Psychologie, 221(4), 205-213.
  • Koydemir, S. (2013). Acculturation and subjective well-being: The case of Turkish ethnic youth in Germany. Journal of Youth Studies, 16(4), 460-473.
  • Naumann, L. P., Benet-Martínez, V., & Espinoza, P. (2017). Correlates of political ideology among US-Born Mexican Americans: Cultural identification, acculturation attitudes, and socioeconomic status. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 8(1), 20-28.
  • Nguyen, H. H., Messé, L. A., & Stollak, G. E. (1999). Toward a more complex understanding of acculturation and adjustment cultural involvements and psychosocial functioning in Vietnamese youth. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 30(1), 5-31.
  • Phinney, J. S., & Devich-Navarro, M. (1997). Variations in bicultural identification among African American and Mexican American adolescents. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 7(1), 3-32.
  • Redfield, R., Linton, R., & Herskovits, M. J. (1936). Memorandum for the study of acculturation. American Anthropologist, 38(1), 149-152.
  • Ryder, A. G., Alden, L. E., & Paulhus, D. L. (2000). Is acculturation unidimensional or bidimensional? A head-to-head comparison in the prediction of personality, self-identity, and adjustment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79(1), 49-65.
  • The United States Census Bureau. (2012). Selected population profile in the United States. Retrieved from http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_12_3YR_S0201&prodType=table.
  • Van de Vijver, Fons J. R., & Phalet, K. (2004). Assessment in multicultural groups: The role of acculturation. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 53(2), 215-236.
  • Vedder, P., & Virta, E. (2005). Language, ethnic identity, and the adaptation of Turkish immigrant youth in the Netherlands and Sweden. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 29(3), 317-337.
  • Verkuyten, M., & Kwa, G. A. (1994). Ethnic self-identification and psychological well-being among minority youth in the Netherlands. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 5(1-2), 19-34.
  • Ward, C. (2013). Probing identity, integration, and adaptation: Big questions, little answers. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 37(4), 391-404.
  • Yağmur, Kutlay, & van de Vijver, Fons J. R. (2011). Acculturation and language orientations of Turkish immigrants in Australia, France, Germany, and the Netherlands. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 43(7), 1110-1130.
  • Zagefka, H., & Brown, R. (2002). The relationship between acculturation strategies, relative fit and intergroup relations: Immigrant-majority relations in Germany. European Journal of Social Psychology, 32(2), 171-188.
  • Zlobina, A., Basabe, N., Paez, D., & Furnham, A. (2006). Sociocultural adjustment of immigrants: Universal and group-specific predictors. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 30(2), 195-211.

ACCULTURATION PROCESS OF TURKISH IMMIGRANTS IN THE UNITED STATES

Yıl 2019, , 1 - 13, 24.10.2019
https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.543991

Öz

This study aims to investigate how
Turkish immigrants manage their lives in the United States (US) and the
relationship between acculturation pathways and demographic background of Turkish
immigrants. Data was collected from 467 Turkish immigrants who were born
outside of the US. This study adopts a bidimensional
acculturation approach, stating that both heritage and dominant host cultures
can live together.
Results suggest that demographic
backgrounds are significantly linked to both their heritage and
dominant
host cultures, therefore they have
important effects on the acculturation process of
Turkish
immigrants. Ethnic identity is found to
be the most significant factor predicting involvements in heritage culture,
whereas American identity contributes the most predicting involvements in the dominant host culture. The most preferred
acculturation pathway is integration among Turkish immigrants in the US. The
results confirmed acculturation process is bi-dimensional, not a zero-sum game as we found a significant positive
correlation between the heritage and the
dominant host cultures, which assume the independence and orthogonal of
involvements in the dominant host and heritage cultures.

Kaynakça

  • Alba, R. D., & Nee, V. (2003). Remaking the American mainstream: Assimilation and contemporary immigration. Harvard University Press.
  • Amer, M. M., & Hovey, J. D. (2007). Socio-demographic differences in acculturation and mental health for a sample of 2nd generation/early immigrant Arab Americans. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 9(4), 335-347.
  • Arends-Tóth, J., & Van De Vijver, Fons J. R. (2003). Multiculturalism and acculturation: Views of Dutch and Turkish Dutch. European Journal of Social Psychology, 33(2), 249-266. doi:10.1002/ejsp.143
  • Arends-Tóth, J., & van de Vijver, Fons J. R. (2006). Assessment of psychological acculturation. In D. L. Sam, & J. W. Berry (Eds.), The Cambridge handbook of acculturation psychology (pp. 142-162). New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Ataca, B., & Berry, J. W. (2002). Psychological, sociocultural, and marital adaptation of Turkish immigrant couples in Canada. International Journal of Psychology, 37(1), 13-26.
  • Bektaş, Y., Demir, A., & Bowden, R. (2009). Psychological adaptation of Turkish students at US campuses. International Journal for the Advancement of Counseling, 31(2), 130-143.
  • Berry, J. W. (1997). Immigration, Acculturation, and Adaptation. Applied Psychology, 46(1), 5–34.
  • Berry, J. W., Kim, U., Power, S., Young, M., & Bujaki, M. (1989). Acculturation attitudes in plural societies. Applied Psychology, 38(2), 185-206.
  • Birman, D., Simon, C. D., Chan, W. Y., & Tran, N. (2014). A life domains perspective on acculturation and psychological adjustment: A study of refugees from the former Soviet Union. American Journal of Community Psychology, 53(1-2), 60-72. doi:10.1007/s10464-013-9614-2 Bourhis, R. Y., Moise, L. C., Perreault, S., & Senecal, S. (1997). Towards an interactive acculturation model: A social psychological approach. International Journal of Psychology, 32(6), 369-386.
  • Carlson, E. & Güler, A. (2018). Cultural Involvement and Preference in Immigrant Acculturation. Journal of International Migration and Integration, 19: 625-647. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-018-0554-4
  • Groenewold, G., De Valk, Helga A. G., & Van Ginneken, J. (2013). Acculturation preferences of the Turkish second generation in 11 European cities. Urban Studies, 51, 1-18. doi:10.1177/0042098013505890
  • Güngör, D., & Bornstein, M. H. (2009). Gender, development, values, adaptation, and discrimination in acculturating adolescents: The case of Turk heritage youth born and living in Belgium. Sex Roles, 60, 537-548.
  • Güzey, Ö., Gültekin, N., Kirsaclioglu, O., Aksoy, E., & Ataç, E. (2014). Acculturation process of the immigrant Turks living in Deventer, The Netherlands, 54th Congress of the European Regional Science Association: Regional development and globalization: Best practices, 26-29 August 2014, St. Petersburg, Russia
  • Horenczyk, G., Jasinskaja-Lahti, I., Sam, D. L., & Vedder, P. (2013). Mutuality in acculturation toward an integration. Zeitschrift Für Psychologie, 221(4), 205-213.
  • Koydemir, S. (2013). Acculturation and subjective well-being: The case of Turkish ethnic youth in Germany. Journal of Youth Studies, 16(4), 460-473.
  • Naumann, L. P., Benet-Martínez, V., & Espinoza, P. (2017). Correlates of political ideology among US-Born Mexican Americans: Cultural identification, acculturation attitudes, and socioeconomic status. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 8(1), 20-28.
  • Nguyen, H. H., Messé, L. A., & Stollak, G. E. (1999). Toward a more complex understanding of acculturation and adjustment cultural involvements and psychosocial functioning in Vietnamese youth. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 30(1), 5-31.
  • Phinney, J. S., & Devich-Navarro, M. (1997). Variations in bicultural identification among African American and Mexican American adolescents. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 7(1), 3-32.
  • Redfield, R., Linton, R., & Herskovits, M. J. (1936). Memorandum for the study of acculturation. American Anthropologist, 38(1), 149-152.
  • Ryder, A. G., Alden, L. E., & Paulhus, D. L. (2000). Is acculturation unidimensional or bidimensional? A head-to-head comparison in the prediction of personality, self-identity, and adjustment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 79(1), 49-65.
  • The United States Census Bureau. (2012). Selected population profile in the United States. Retrieved from http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=ACS_12_3YR_S0201&prodType=table.
  • Van de Vijver, Fons J. R., & Phalet, K. (2004). Assessment in multicultural groups: The role of acculturation. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 53(2), 215-236.
  • Vedder, P., & Virta, E. (2005). Language, ethnic identity, and the adaptation of Turkish immigrant youth in the Netherlands and Sweden. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 29(3), 317-337.
  • Verkuyten, M., & Kwa, G. A. (1994). Ethnic self-identification and psychological well-being among minority youth in the Netherlands. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 5(1-2), 19-34.
  • Ward, C. (2013). Probing identity, integration, and adaptation: Big questions, little answers. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 37(4), 391-404.
  • Yağmur, Kutlay, & van de Vijver, Fons J. R. (2011). Acculturation and language orientations of Turkish immigrants in Australia, France, Germany, and the Netherlands. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 43(7), 1110-1130.
  • Zagefka, H., & Brown, R. (2002). The relationship between acculturation strategies, relative fit and intergroup relations: Immigrant-majority relations in Germany. European Journal of Social Psychology, 32(2), 171-188.
  • Zlobina, A., Basabe, N., Paez, D., & Furnham, A. (2006). Sociocultural adjustment of immigrants: Universal and group-specific predictors. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 30(2), 195-211.
Toplam 28 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sosyoloji
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Abdurrahim Güler 0000-0002-0317-8221

Yayımlanma Tarihi 24 Ekim 2019
Kabul Tarihi 26 Ağustos 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019

Kaynak Göster

APA Güler, A. (2019). ACCULTURATION PROCESS OF TURKISH IMMIGRANTS IN THE UNITED STATES. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi(37), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.543991
AMA Güler A. ACCULTURATION PROCESS OF TURKISH IMMIGRANTS IN THE UNITED STATES. PAUSBED. Ekim 2019;(37):1-13. doi:10.30794/pausbed.543991
Chicago Güler, Abdurrahim. “ACCULTURATION PROCESS OF TURKISH IMMIGRANTS IN THE UNITED STATES”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, sy. 37 (Ekim 2019): 1-13. https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.543991.
EndNote Güler A (01 Ekim 2019) ACCULTURATION PROCESS OF TURKISH IMMIGRANTS IN THE UNITED STATES. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 37 1–13.
IEEE A. Güler, “ACCULTURATION PROCESS OF TURKISH IMMIGRANTS IN THE UNITED STATES”, PAUSBED, sy. 37, ss. 1–13, Ekim 2019, doi: 10.30794/pausbed.543991.
ISNAD Güler, Abdurrahim. “ACCULTURATION PROCESS OF TURKISH IMMIGRANTS IN THE UNITED STATES”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 37 (Ekim 2019), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.543991.
JAMA Güler A. ACCULTURATION PROCESS OF TURKISH IMMIGRANTS IN THE UNITED STATES. PAUSBED. 2019;:1–13.
MLA Güler, Abdurrahim. “ACCULTURATION PROCESS OF TURKISH IMMIGRANTS IN THE UNITED STATES”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, sy. 37, 2019, ss. 1-13, doi:10.30794/pausbed.543991.
Vancouver Güler A. ACCULTURATION PROCESS OF TURKISH IMMIGRANTS IN THE UNITED STATES. PAUSBED. 2019(37):1-13.