ÜÇLEME: PASİF LİDERLİK, İŞ TATMİNİ VE İŞTEN AYRILMA NİYETİ
Yıl 2022,
, 109 - 121, 01.01.2022
Elif Bilginoğlu
,
Uğur Yozgat
Öz
Türkiye, dünyanın en büyük turizm pazarlarından biridir. Son zamanlarda yapılan araştırmalar, Türk turizm sektörü çalışanlarının işlerinden tatmin olmadıklarını ve sektörde işgücü devir oranlarının çok yüksek, hatta diğer sektörlere göre daha yüksek olduğunu ortaya koymaktadırlar. Çalışanların iş tatmini ve elde tutulması, turizm sektörü başarısının karşı karşıya olduğu çok önemli zorluklardır ve bu nedenle bilim adamlarının ilgi odağında yer almaktadırlar. Bu çalışma, çalışanların örgütten ayrılma niyetlerinin iş tatmini ve algılanan pasif liderlik davranışları ile ne ölçüde ilişkili olduğunu araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. İstanbul’da turizm sektöründe 472 çalışan ile yapılan araştırma sonucunda yöneticilerin algılanan pasif liderlik davranışlarının çalışanların iş tatminlerini azalttığı ve işten ayrılma niyetlerini artırdığı ortaya koyulmaktadır. Araştırma sonuçları aynı zamanda algılanan pasif liderlik ile işten ayrılma niyeti arasında iş tatmininin kısmi aracılık etkisi olduğunu da ortaya koymaktadır.
Kaynakça
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TRILOGY: PASSIVE LEADERSHIP, JOB SATISFACTION AND INTENTION TO LEAVE
Yıl 2022,
, 109 - 121, 01.01.2022
Elif Bilginoğlu
,
Uğur Yozgat
Öz
Turkey is one of the major global tourism markets. Recent research reveals that the employees of the Turkish tourism sector are dissatisfied with their jobs and employee turnover rates of the sector are very high, even higher than other sectors. Employee job satisfaction and retention are crucial challenges that face the tourism sector success and therefore they are in the focus of scholar interest. This study proposes to investigate the extent to which employees’ intention to leave the organization are related to the job satisfaction and perceived passive leadership behaviors. As a result of the research conducted with 472 employees in the tourism sector in Istanbul, it was determined that the perceived passive leadership behaviors of the managers decreased employees’ job satisfaction and increased their intention to leave. It was also found that job satisfaction has a partial mediating effect between perceived passive leadership and intention to leave.
Kaynakça
- Al-Ababneh, M. & Lockwood, A. (2010). The Influence of Managerial Leadership Style on Employee Job satisfaction in Jordanian Resort Hotels, 28th EuroCHRIE Annual Research, 25.10.2010-28.10.2010, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
- AlBattat, A.R., Som, A.P.M. & Helalat, A.S. (2013). Overcoming Staff Turnover in the Hospitality Industry using Mobley's Model, International Journal of Learning & Development, 3(6), 64-71.
- Armstrong, M. (2007). A Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice (10th Edition). London: Kogan Page.
- Aydın, Ş. (2005). Konaklama İşletmelerinde İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi: İlkeler ve Uygulamalar. Ankara: Nobel Yayın Dağıtım.
- Avolio, B. J. (2011). Full Range Leadership Development. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications.
- Baron, R. M. & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The Moderator-Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, Strategic, and Statistical Considerations, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173–1182
- Bass, B. M. (1997). Does the Transactional - Transformational Leadership Paradigm Transcend Organizational and National Boundaries? American Psychologist, 52(2), 130-139.
- Bass, B. M. & Avolio, B. J. (1990). Transformational Leadership Development: Manual for The Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
- Bass, B. M. & Avolio, B. J. (2000). MLQ Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire, Redwood City: Mind Garden.
- Bass, B. M. & Riggio, R. E. (2006). Transformational Leadership. Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc.
- Bonn, M. A. & Forbringer, L. R. (1992). Reducing Turnover in the Hospitality Industry: An Overview of Recruitment, Selection and Retention, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 11(1), 47-63.
- den Hartog, Deanne N.; Van Muijen, J. J. & Koopman, P. L. (1997). Transactional Versus Transformational Leadership: An Analysis of the MLQ, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 70(1), 19-34.
- Derue, D. S.; Craig, J.; Wellman, E. & Humphrey, S. E. (2011). Trait and Behavioral Theories of Leadership: An Integration and Meta-Analytic Test of Their Relative Validity, Personnel Psychology, 64(1), 7-52.
- Dumdum, U. R.; Lowe, K. B. & Avolio, B. J. (2002). A Meta-Analysis of Transformational and Transactional Leadership. In B. J. Avolio & F. J. Yammarino (Eds.), Transformational and Charismatic Leadership: The Road Ahead (35–66). Oxford, England: Elsevier Science.
- Dusek, G. A.; Clarke, R., Yurova, Y. & Ruppel, C.P. (2016). Employee Turnover in International Brand Hotels in Russia: A Comparison of Nationals and Foreign Nationals, Journal of East-West Business, 22(1), 51-75.
- Erkutlu, H. (2008). The Impact of Transformational Leadership on Organizational and Leadership Effectiveness, Journal of Management Development, 27(7), 708–726.
- Ernst Young Kurumsal Finansman Danışmanlık (2017). Tourism Market Overview Turkey & Istanbul, 2017, 1st Half. Retrieved at https://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/Tourism/%24FILE/EY_Tourism_ Industry_Overview _2017.pdf
- Faldetta, G.; Fasone, V. & Provenzano, C. (2013). Turnover in the Hospitality Industry: Can Reciprocity Solve the Problem? Pasos: Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural, 11, 583-595.
- Friedrich, B. (2001). Staying Power: First-line Managers Keep Nurses Satisfied with Their Jobs, Nursing Management, 32(7), 26-28.
- Garman, A.N.; Davis-Lenane, D. & Corrigan, P. W. (2003). Factor Structure of the Transformational Leadership Model in Human Service Teams, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 24(6), 803–812.
- George, E. & Zakkariya, K. A. (2018). Psychological Empowerment and Job Satisfaction in the Banking Sector. Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan.
- Ghiselli, R.; La Lopa, J. & Bai, B. (2001). Job Satisfaction, Life Satisfaction and Turnover Intent among Food-Service Managers, Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 42(1), 28-37.
- Hair, J. F.; Black, W. C.; Babin, B. J.; Anderson, R. E. & Tatham, R. L. (2005). Multivariate data analysis: Sixth Edition. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education, Inc.
- Harold, C. M. & Holtz, B. C. (2015). The Effects of Passive Leadership on Workplace Incivility, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 36(1), 16-38.
- Hatipoğlu, B.; Alvarez, M. D.; İnelmen, K. & Ünalan, D. (2013). İstanbul Otellerinin 3600 Değerlendirmesi: Araştırma Proje Raporu. Retrieved at http://www.turob.com/Files/B%C3%9C%20360%20Rapor.pdf
- Hinkin, T. R. & Schriesheim, C. A. (2008). An Examination of “Nonleadership”: From Laissez-Faire Leadership to Leader Reward Omission and Punishment Omission, Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(6), 1234-1248.
- Holston-Okae, B. L. (2018). The Effect of Employee Turnover in the Hospitality Industry: Quantitative Correlational Study, International Journal of Learning and Development, 8(1), 156-183.
- Hooper, D.; Coughlan, J. & Mullen, M. (2008). Structural Equation Modelling: Guidelines for Determining Model Fit, Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods, 6(1), 53-60. Retrieved at http://arrow.dit.ie/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1001&context= buschmanart.
- Hoover, N. R.; Petrosko, J. M. & Schulz, R. R. (1991). Transformational and Transactional Leadership: An Empirical Test of a Theory, Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association (Chicago, IL, April 3-7,1991)
- Horwath HTL (2019). European Hotels & Chains Report 2019. Retrieved at http://www.turob.com/Files/Dosyalar/pdf/HTL_2019_EU_CHAINS-2.pdf
- Howell, J. M. & Avolio, B. J. (1993). Transformational Leadership, Transactional Leadership, Locus of Control, and Support for Innovation: Key Predictors of Consolidated-Business-Unit Performance, Journal of Applied Psychology, 78(6), 891–902.
- Ismail, O. (2014). Managing Cats and Dogs within Hospitality Organizations. In I. S Pantelidis (Ed.) The Routledge Handbook of Hospitality Management (98-109). New York: Routledge.
- İşbankası İktisadi Araştırmalar Bölümü (2018, Mart). Sektörlerle İlgili 2018 Beklentileri Retrieved at https://ekonomi.isbank.com.tr/ContentManagement/Documents/rt_2018.pdf
- Jackson, E. (2014, May 11). The Top 8 Reasons Your Best People Are About to Quit - And How You Can Keep Them. Retrieved at http://www.forbes.com/sites/ericjackson/2014/05/11/the-top8-reasons-your-best-people-are-about-to-quit-and-how-youcan-keep-them/#12a43731719b
- Judge, T. A. & Piccolo, R. F. (2004). Transformational and Transactional Leadership: A Meta-Analytic Test of Their Relative Value, Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 89, 755-768.
- Kara, D.; Uysal, M.; Sirgy, M. J. & Lee, G. (2013). The Effects of Leadership Style on Employee Well-Being in Hospitality, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 34, 9-18.
- Karatepe, O. M.; Uludag, O.; Menevis, İ.; Hadzimehmedagic, L. & Baddar, L. (2006). The Effects of Selected Individual Characteristics on Frontline Employee Performance and Job Satisfaction, Tourism Management 27(4), 547–560.
- Kaya, İ. (2010). Otel İşletmelerinde İşgörenlerin İş Tatminini Etkileyen İşi Bırakma Eğilimi, Ç.Ü. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 19(2), 219-236.
- Kelloway, E. K.; Sivanathan, N.; Francis, L. & Barling, J. (2005). Poor Leadership. In J. Barling, E.K. Kelloway, & M.R. Frone (Eds.). Handbook of Work Stress (89-112). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- Kelloway, E. K.; Mullen, J. E. & Francis, L. (2006). Injuring Your Leadership: How Passive Leadership affects Employee Safety, Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 11(1), 76-86.
- Kemelgor, B. H. (1982). Job Satisfaction as Mediated by the Value Congruity of Supervisors and Their Subordinates, Journal of Occupational Behavior, 3(2), 147-160.
- Keskin, A. & Cansız, H. (2010). Tourism, Turkey and Economic Development, Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 24(4), 23-46.
- Kleinman, C. (2004). The Relationship between Managerial Leadership Behaviors and Staff Nurse Retention, Hospital Topics, 82(4), 2-9.
- Kuria, S.; Odingi, A. & Wanderi, P. (2012). Assessment of Causes of Labor Turnover in Three and Five Star-Rated Hotels in Kenya, International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3, 311-317.
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