Araştırma Makalesi
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SOSYAL BİLİMLERDE TEORİK MAKALE YAZIMI VE ULUSLARARASI İLİŞKİLER DİSİPLİNİNDEKİ YANSIMALARI

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 42, 31 - 48, 16.02.2021

Damla Cihangir Tetik

https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.812589

Öz

Sosyal bilimler, dünyanın nasıl işlediğinden söz etmek için sürekli teorilere, bir diğer deyişle kuramlara, başvurur. Uluslararası ilişkiler disiplininde teori, uluslararası sistemi ve onu etkileyen tüm faktörleri sistematik ve ampirik bir şekilde açıklamaya yardımcı olmaktadır. Uluslararası ilişkiler teorileri, uluslararası ilişkiler disiplininin araştırma alanına giren her türlü aktör, kavram, küresel, bölgesel ya da yerel gelişme, dış politika yapımı, uluslararası sistemin, devletlerarası ilişkilerin, uluslararası örgütlerin, uluslararası politik ekonominin unsurlarını açıklayabilmektedir. Bu anlamda tek bir doğru açıklamadan bahsetmek mümkün değildir. Bu nedenle, bu çalışma, sosyal bilimler alanında teorik bir makale yazarken başta Türkiye’de akademideki öğrencilerin ve araştırmacıların yaşadığı zorluklara çözüm bulmaya çalışırken, uluslararası ilişkiler disiplininde teorik araştırmanın kapsamını ve önemini de vurgulamayı hedeflemektedir. Böylelikle, bu çalışma, genel olarak “sosyal bilimlerde teorik bir makale nasıl yazılır?” sorusuna odaklanırken, özel olarak dünya siyasetinde sistematik olarak gözlemlenen olayların uluslararası ilişkiler disiplinin bir veya birden çok teorisiyle harmanlanarak nasıl bir bilimsel araştırma yapılacağını ve bunun makale haline getirileceğini açıklamayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu kapsamda, bu çalışma ilk olarak sosyal bilimlerde ve uluslararası ilişkiler alanında teori kavramını ve akademik araştırmadaki önemini; ikinci olarak uluslararası ilişkiler alanından teori örnekleriyle teorinin parçalarını açıklamaktadır. Daha sonra, teorik bir makalenin amacından ve yazım ilkelerinden bahsetmektedir. Sonunda, uluslararası ilişkiler alanından özgün teorik makale örnekleri sunmaktadır. Aynı zamanda bu çalışma, Türkiye’de akademide genel olarak sosyal bilimlerdeki ve özel olarak uluslararası ilişkiler alanındaki teorik açıklama ve araştırma yöntemleri literatürüne katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

teori teorik makale araştırma yöntemleri teorik açıklama uluslararası ilişkiler teorileri

Kaynakça

  • Abend, G. (2008). “The Meaning of Theory”, Sociological Theory, 26/2, 173-199.
  • American Psychological Association (APA). (2020). Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Washington, DC.
  • Brown, C. (1997). Understanding International Relations, Basingstoke: Macmillan, New York.
  • Buzan, B., Wæver, O. ve de Wilde, J. (1998). Security: A New Framework for Analysis, Boulder, CO: Westview, Colorado.
  • Dixon, W. J. (1994). “Democracy and the Peaceful Settlement of International Conflict”, American Political Science Review, 88/1, 14–32.
  • Doyle, M. W. (1983a). “Kant, Liberal Legacies, and Foreign Affairs: Part 1”, Philosophy and Public Affairs, 12, 205–234.
  • Doyle, M. W. (1983b). “Kant, Liberal Legacies, and Foreign Affairs: Part 2”, Philosophy and Public Affairs, 12: 323-353.
  • Doyle, M. W. (1986). “Liberalism and World Politics”, American Political Science Review, 80/4, 1151–1169.
  • Finnemore, M. (1996). Defining National Interests in International Society, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY.
  • George, A. ve Bennett, A. (2005). Case Studies and Theory Development in the Social Science, MIT Press, Boston.
  • Haas, E. B. (1958). The Uniting of Europe: Political, Social, and Economic Forces 1950–57, Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA.
  • Hollis, M. ve Smith, S. (1990). Explaining and Understanding International Relations, Clarendon, London.
  • Jacard, J. ve Jacoby, J. (2010). Theory Construction and Model-Building Skills: A Practical Guide for Social Scientists, Guilford, New York.
  • Jepperson, R. L., Wendt, A. ve Katzenstein, P. (1996). “Norms, Identity and Culture in National Security”, The Culture of National Security: Norms and identity in World Politics (Ed: P. J. Katzenstein), 33–75, Columbia University Press, New York.
  • Jorgensen, K. E. (2018). International Relations Theory, Palgrave: Macmillan, UK.
  • Kant, I. (1970). Kant's Political Writings, (Ed. H. Reiss), (Trans. H. B. Nisbet), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • King, G., Keohane, R. O. ve Verba, S. (1994). Designing Social Inquiry, Princeton University Press, Princeton.
  • Kugler, J. ve Lemke, D. (1996). Parity and war: Evaluations and extensions of the war ledger, University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor.
  • Machiavelli, N. (1950). The Prince and the Discourses, (Ed. M. Lerner), (Trans. L. Ricci ve C. Detmold), Modem Library, New York.
  • Mastanduno, M. (1997). Preserving the unipolar moment: Realist theories and US grand strategy after the Cold War, International Security 21/4, 49-88.
  • Mearsheimer, J. J. (2003). The Tragedy of Great Power Politics, W.W. Norton and Co., New York.
  • Mearsheimer, J. J. ve Walt, S. (2003). “An Unnecessary War”, Foreign Policy, 134, 50–59.
  • Moravcsik, A. (1998). The Choice for Europe: Social Purpose and State Power from Messina to Maastricht, UCL Press, London.
  • Morgenthau, H. J. (1948). Politics Among Nations, Knopf, New York.
  • Morgenthau, H. J. (1954). Politics Among Nations, 2. Basım, Knopf, New York.
  • Most, B. A. ve Starr, H. (1989). Inquiry, Logic, and International Politics, University of South Carolina Press, South Carolina.
  • Neuman, W. L. (2006). Toplumsal Araştırma Yöntemleri: Nitel ve Nicel Yaklaşımlar, (Çev. S. Özge), Yayın Odası, Ankara.
  • Neumann, I. B. and Wæver, O. (1997). The Future of International Relations: Masters in the Making, Routledge, London.
  • Organski, A. F. K. (1958). World Politics, Alfred A. Knopf, New York.
  • Organski, A. F. K. and Kugler, J. (1980). The War Ledger, University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
  • Patterson, L. (1997). “Agricultural Policy Reform in the European Community: A Three Level Game Analyses”, International Organization, 51, 135–165.
  • Putnam, R. D. (1988). “Diplomacy and Domestic Politics: The Logic of Two-level Games”, International Organization, 42, 427–460.
  • Ravitch, S. M. ve Riggan, M. (2017). Reason and Rigor: How Conceptual Framework Guide Research, SAGE, Los Angeles, CA.
  • Rueschemeyer, D., Stephens, E. H. ve Stephens, J. D. (1992). Capitalist Development and Democracy, Polity, Oxford, UK.
  • Rosato, S. (2003). “The Flawed Logic of Democratic Peace Theory”, American Political Science Review, 97/4, 585-602.
  • Rosenau, J. ve Durfee, M. (1995). Thinking Theory Thoroughly: Coherent Approaches to an Incoherent World, Boulder, CO, Westview.
  • Russett, B. (1989). “Democracy and Peace”, Choices in World Politics: Sovereignty and Interdependence, (Ed. B. Russett ve H. Starr ), 245–261, Freeman, New York.
  • Russett, B. ve Oneal, J. (2001). Triangulating peace. Democracy, Interdependence, and International Organizations, Norton, New York.
  • Schumpeter, J. (1919/1955). “The Sociology of Imperialism”, (Ed. J. Schumpeter), Imperialism and Social Classes, World Publishing Co., Cleveland.
  • Sutton, R. I. ve Staw, B. M. (1995). “What Theory is Not?”, Administrative Science Quarterly, 40, 371-384.
  • Torraco, R. J. (1997). “Theory-Building Research Methods”, Human Resource Development Handbook: Linking Research and Practice, (Ed. R. A. Swanson ve E. F. Holton III), 114-137, Berrett-Koehler, San Francisco, CA.
  • Tür, Ö. ve Aydın-Koyuncu, Ç. (2010). “Feminist Uluslararası İlişkiler Yaklaşımı: Temelleri, Gelişimi, Katkı ve Sorunları”, Uluslararası İlişkiler, 26/7, 3-24.
  • Wæver, O. (1995). “Securitization and Desecuritization”, On Security, (Ed. R. Lipschutz), Columbia University Press, New York.
  • Walt, S. M. (1998). “International Relations: One World, Many Theories”, Foreign Policy, 110, 29–46.
  • Waltz, K. N. (1959). Man, the State and War: A Theoretical Analysis, Columbia University Press, New York.
  • Waltz, K. N. (1964). “The Stability of a Bipolar World”, Daedalus, 93/3, 881–909.
  • Waltz, K. N. (1979). Theory of International Politics, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA.
  • Wendt, A. (1987). “The Agent–Structure Problem in International Relations Theory”, International Organization, 41, 335–370.
  • Wight, M. (1991). International Theory: The Three Traditions, (Ed. G. Wight ve B. Porter), Leicester University Press, Leicester .
  • Zacher, M. W. ve Matthew, R. A. (1995). “Liberal International Theory: Common Threads, Divergent Strands”, Controversies in International Relations: Realism and the Neoliberal Challenge, (Ed. C. W. Kegley), St. Martin’s Press, New York.

WRITING THEORETICAL ARTICLES IN SOCIAL SCIENCES AND ITS REFLECTIONS IN THE DISCIPLINE OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 42, 31 - 48, 16.02.2021

Damla Cihangir Tetik

https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.812589

Öz

Social sciences constantly refer to theories in order to explain how the world operates. In the discipline of international relations, theory helps to explain the international system and all of the factors that impact the system in a systemic and empirical way. Any theory of international relations can explain actors, concepts, any kind of global, national and local development, foreign policy making, elements of the international system, inter-state relations, international institutions and international political economy that the discipline of international relations covers. Therefore, it is not possible to talk about only one correct explanation. Thus, this article primarily tries to find solutions to the problems and challenges that students and researchers encounter in social sciences in Turkish academia while writing a theoretical article. Additionally, it aims to emphasize the extent and importance of theoretical research in the discipline of international relations. In this way, while this study focuses on the question of “how to write a theoretical article in social sciences?” in general, it specifically aims to explain how to conduct a scientific research by gathering global political developments observed systematically with one or more theories of international relations and how to render it into a theoretical article. Thus, this study first explains the concept of theory and its importance in social sciences and the discipline of international relations. Secondly, it explains the parts of a theory by giving examples from the theories of international relations. Then, it describes the aims and writing principles of a theoretical article. Finally, it provides examples of distinctive theoretical articles from the area of international relations. At the same time, this study aims to contribute to the literature of theoretical explanation and research methods in social sciences in general and particularly, in the area of international relations in Turkish academia.

Anahtar Kelimeler

theory theoretical explanation theoretical article research methods theories of international relations

Kaynakça

  • Abend, G. (2008). “The Meaning of Theory”, Sociological Theory, 26/2, 173-199.
  • American Psychological Association (APA). (2020). Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Washington, DC.
  • Brown, C. (1997). Understanding International Relations, Basingstoke: Macmillan, New York.
  • Buzan, B., Wæver, O. ve de Wilde, J. (1998). Security: A New Framework for Analysis, Boulder, CO: Westview, Colorado.
  • Dixon, W. J. (1994). “Democracy and the Peaceful Settlement of International Conflict”, American Political Science Review, 88/1, 14–32.
  • Doyle, M. W. (1983a). “Kant, Liberal Legacies, and Foreign Affairs: Part 1”, Philosophy and Public Affairs, 12, 205–234.
  • Doyle, M. W. (1983b). “Kant, Liberal Legacies, and Foreign Affairs: Part 2”, Philosophy and Public Affairs, 12: 323-353.
  • Doyle, M. W. (1986). “Liberalism and World Politics”, American Political Science Review, 80/4, 1151–1169.
  • Finnemore, M. (1996). Defining National Interests in International Society, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY.
  • George, A. ve Bennett, A. (2005). Case Studies and Theory Development in the Social Science, MIT Press, Boston.
  • Haas, E. B. (1958). The Uniting of Europe: Political, Social, and Economic Forces 1950–57, Stanford University Press, Stanford, CA.
  • Hollis, M. ve Smith, S. (1990). Explaining and Understanding International Relations, Clarendon, London.
  • Jacard, J. ve Jacoby, J. (2010). Theory Construction and Model-Building Skills: A Practical Guide for Social Scientists, Guilford, New York.
  • Jepperson, R. L., Wendt, A. ve Katzenstein, P. (1996). “Norms, Identity and Culture in National Security”, The Culture of National Security: Norms and identity in World Politics (Ed: P. J. Katzenstein), 33–75, Columbia University Press, New York.
  • Jorgensen, K. E. (2018). International Relations Theory, Palgrave: Macmillan, UK.
  • Kant, I. (1970). Kant's Political Writings, (Ed. H. Reiss), (Trans. H. B. Nisbet), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • King, G., Keohane, R. O. ve Verba, S. (1994). Designing Social Inquiry, Princeton University Press, Princeton.
  • Kugler, J. ve Lemke, D. (1996). Parity and war: Evaluations and extensions of the war ledger, University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor.
  • Machiavelli, N. (1950). The Prince and the Discourses, (Ed. M. Lerner), (Trans. L. Ricci ve C. Detmold), Modem Library, New York.
  • Mastanduno, M. (1997). Preserving the unipolar moment: Realist theories and US grand strategy after the Cold War, International Security 21/4, 49-88.
  • Mearsheimer, J. J. (2003). The Tragedy of Great Power Politics, W.W. Norton and Co., New York.
  • Mearsheimer, J. J. ve Walt, S. (2003). “An Unnecessary War”, Foreign Policy, 134, 50–59.
  • Moravcsik, A. (1998). The Choice for Europe: Social Purpose and State Power from Messina to Maastricht, UCL Press, London.
  • Morgenthau, H. J. (1948). Politics Among Nations, Knopf, New York.
  • Morgenthau, H. J. (1954). Politics Among Nations, 2. Basım, Knopf, New York.
  • Most, B. A. ve Starr, H. (1989). Inquiry, Logic, and International Politics, University of South Carolina Press, South Carolina.
  • Neuman, W. L. (2006). Toplumsal Araştırma Yöntemleri: Nitel ve Nicel Yaklaşımlar, (Çev. S. Özge), Yayın Odası, Ankara.
  • Neumann, I. B. and Wæver, O. (1997). The Future of International Relations: Masters in the Making, Routledge, London.
  • Organski, A. F. K. (1958). World Politics, Alfred A. Knopf, New York.
  • Organski, A. F. K. and Kugler, J. (1980). The War Ledger, University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
  • Patterson, L. (1997). “Agricultural Policy Reform in the European Community: A Three Level Game Analyses”, International Organization, 51, 135–165.
  • Putnam, R. D. (1988). “Diplomacy and Domestic Politics: The Logic of Two-level Games”, International Organization, 42, 427–460.
  • Ravitch, S. M. ve Riggan, M. (2017). Reason and Rigor: How Conceptual Framework Guide Research, SAGE, Los Angeles, CA.
  • Rueschemeyer, D., Stephens, E. H. ve Stephens, J. D. (1992). Capitalist Development and Democracy, Polity, Oxford, UK.
  • Rosato, S. (2003). “The Flawed Logic of Democratic Peace Theory”, American Political Science Review, 97/4, 585-602.
  • Rosenau, J. ve Durfee, M. (1995). Thinking Theory Thoroughly: Coherent Approaches to an Incoherent World, Boulder, CO, Westview.
  • Russett, B. (1989). “Democracy and Peace”, Choices in World Politics: Sovereignty and Interdependence, (Ed. B. Russett ve H. Starr ), 245–261, Freeman, New York.
  • Russett, B. ve Oneal, J. (2001). Triangulating peace. Democracy, Interdependence, and International Organizations, Norton, New York.
  • Schumpeter, J. (1919/1955). “The Sociology of Imperialism”, (Ed. J. Schumpeter), Imperialism and Social Classes, World Publishing Co., Cleveland.
  • Sutton, R. I. ve Staw, B. M. (1995). “What Theory is Not?”, Administrative Science Quarterly, 40, 371-384.
  • Torraco, R. J. (1997). “Theory-Building Research Methods”, Human Resource Development Handbook: Linking Research and Practice, (Ed. R. A. Swanson ve E. F. Holton III), 114-137, Berrett-Koehler, San Francisco, CA.
  • Tür, Ö. ve Aydın-Koyuncu, Ç. (2010). “Feminist Uluslararası İlişkiler Yaklaşımı: Temelleri, Gelişimi, Katkı ve Sorunları”, Uluslararası İlişkiler, 26/7, 3-24.
  • Wæver, O. (1995). “Securitization and Desecuritization”, On Security, (Ed. R. Lipschutz), Columbia University Press, New York.
  • Walt, S. M. (1998). “International Relations: One World, Many Theories”, Foreign Policy, 110, 29–46.
  • Waltz, K. N. (1959). Man, the State and War: A Theoretical Analysis, Columbia University Press, New York.
  • Waltz, K. N. (1964). “The Stability of a Bipolar World”, Daedalus, 93/3, 881–909.
  • Waltz, K. N. (1979). Theory of International Politics, Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA.
  • Wendt, A. (1987). “The Agent–Structure Problem in International Relations Theory”, International Organization, 41, 335–370.
  • Wight, M. (1991). International Theory: The Three Traditions, (Ed. G. Wight ve B. Porter), Leicester University Press, Leicester .
  • Zacher, M. W. ve Matthew, R. A. (1995). “Liberal International Theory: Common Threads, Divergent Strands”, Controversies in International Relations: Realism and the Neoliberal Challenge, (Ed. C. W. Kegley), St. Martin’s Press, New York.
Toplam 50 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Uluslararası İlişkiler
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Damla Cihangir Tetik 0000-0001-6796-905X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 16 Şubat 2021
Kabul Tarihi 8 Aralık 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Sayı: 42

Kaynak Göster

APA Cihangir Tetik, D. (2021). SOSYAL BİLİMLERDE TEORİK MAKALE YAZIMI VE ULUSLARARASI İLİŞKİLER DİSİPLİNİNDEKİ YANSIMALARI. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi(42), 31-48. https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.812589
AMA Cihangir Tetik D. SOSYAL BİLİMLERDE TEORİK MAKALE YAZIMI VE ULUSLARARASI İLİŞKİLER DİSİPLİNİNDEKİ YANSIMALARI. PAUSBED. Şubat 2021;(42):31-48. doi:10.30794/pausbed.812589
Chicago Cihangir Tetik, Damla. “SOSYAL BİLİMLERDE TEORİK MAKALE YAZIMI VE ULUSLARARASI İLİŞKİLER DİSİPLİNİNDEKİ YANSIMALARI”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, sy. 42 (Şubat 2021): 31-48. https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.812589.
EndNote Cihangir Tetik D (01 Şubat 2021) SOSYAL BİLİMLERDE TEORİK MAKALE YAZIMI VE ULUSLARARASI İLİŞKİLER DİSİPLİNİNDEKİ YANSIMALARI. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 42 31–48.
IEEE D. Cihangir Tetik, “SOSYAL BİLİMLERDE TEORİK MAKALE YAZIMI VE ULUSLARARASI İLİŞKİLER DİSİPLİNİNDEKİ YANSIMALARI”, PAUSBED, sy. 42, ss. 31–48, Şubat 2021, doi: 10.30794/pausbed.812589.
ISNAD Cihangir Tetik, Damla. “SOSYAL BİLİMLERDE TEORİK MAKALE YAZIMI VE ULUSLARARASI İLİŞKİLER DİSİPLİNİNDEKİ YANSIMALARI”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 42 (Şubat 2021), 31-48. https://doi.org/10.30794/pausbed.812589.
JAMA Cihangir Tetik D. SOSYAL BİLİMLERDE TEORİK MAKALE YAZIMI VE ULUSLARARASI İLİŞKİLER DİSİPLİNİNDEKİ YANSIMALARI. PAUSBED. 2021;:31–48.
MLA Cihangir Tetik, Damla. “SOSYAL BİLİMLERDE TEORİK MAKALE YAZIMI VE ULUSLARARASI İLİŞKİLER DİSİPLİNİNDEKİ YANSIMALARI”. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, sy. 42, 2021, ss. 31-48, doi:10.30794/pausbed.812589.
Vancouver Cihangir Tetik D. SOSYAL BİLİMLERDE TEORİK MAKALE YAZIMI VE ULUSLARARASI İLİŞKİLER DİSİPLİNİNDEKİ YANSIMALARI. PAUSBED. 2021(42):31-48.
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