Okul çağındaki astımlı olguların çocukluk çağı astım kontrol testi ile değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 3, 11 - 16, 01.12.2017

Başak Ceylan Demirbaş Şükrü Çekiç Yakup Canıtez Nihat Sapan

Öz

GİRİŞ ve
AMAÇ: Astım çocukluk çağında en sık görülen kronik hastalıktır. Mevsimsel
değişikliklerin, astım atak sayıları ve hastalığın kontrol altında olma
durumunu etkilediği bilinmektedir. BU çalışmada astım tanılı 6-11 yaş
arasındaki olguların çocukluk çağı astım kontrol testi (Ç-AKT) ile
değerlendirilmesi ve astım kontrolünü etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi
amaçlanmıştır.

YÖNTEM ve GEREÇLER: Çalışmaya astım tanısıyla takipli 6-11 yaş arası 103 olgu
alındı. Olgulardan Çocukluk Çağı Astım Kontrol Testi (Ç-AKT) ve tarafımızca
hastaların değerlendirilmesi için düzenlenen astımlı anketini doldurmaları
istendi. 

BULGULAR: Çocukluk çağı astım kontrol testi (Ç-AKT) sonucuna göre olguların
%47,5’inin (n=49) kontrol altında olduğu saptandı. Kontrol altında olan grupta
yıllık atak sayısı (medyan=2/yıl, minimum=0/yıl, maksimum=10/yıl) kontrol
altında olmayan gruba göre ( medyan=3,5/yıl, minimum=0/yıl, maksimum=10/yıl)
anlamlı olarak azdı (p=0,005). Kontrol altında olan olguların %14,3’ünün (n=7),
kontrol altında olmayan olguların %38,9’unun (n=21) ailesinde egzama öyküsü
olduğu tespit edildi (p=0,005). Hastaneye başvuru oranları kontrol altında olan
olgularda: Eylül ayında %30,6 (n=15), Ekim ayında %32,7 (n=16), Kasım ayında
%30,6 (n=15) ve Aralık ayında %6,10 (n=3); kontrol altında olmayan olgularda
Eylül ayında %5,6 (n=3), Ekim ayında %25,9 (n=14), Kasım ayında %33,3 (n=18) ve
Aralık ayında %35,2 (n=19) olarak saptandı. Aralık ayında kontrol altında
olmayan olguların, kontrol altında olan olgulara göre daha sık başvurduğu
tespit edildi (p=0,001).

TARTIŞMA ve SONUÇ: Astım kontrol testleri hastaların takiplerinde hekimlere
yardımcı olan pratik bir uygulamadır. Çalışma sonucunda astımlı hastaların
önemli bir kısmının kontrol altında olmadığı görüldü. Astımlı olgularda Aralık
ayında yakınmalarda görülen artışın bölgesel iklim değişiklikleri ve çevresel
faktörlere bağlı olabileceği düşünüldü. 

Evaluation
of school age asthmatic cases with childhood asthma control test

INTRODUCTION:
Asthma is the most common chronic disease in children. It is known that
seasonal changes affect the number of asthma attacks and the condition of the
disease under control as well. We evaluated children aged 6-11 years of age who
had been diagnosed with asthma using the childhood asthma control test (C-ACT)
to determine the factors affecting the control of asthma.

METHODS: One hundred and three follow-up cases diagnosed with asthma between
the ages of 6–11 were included. All cases were asked to fill in the C-ACT and
the asthmatic questionnaire that we had prepared to evaluate the patients.

RESULTS: It was determined that the 47.5% of the cases (n=49) were under
control according to the results of the C-ACT. The number of annual attacks in
the group under control (median=2/year, minimum=0/year,maximum=10/year) was
significantly less than for the uncontrolled cases (median=3.5/year,
minimum=0/year, maximum=10/year) (p=0.005). We determined that 14.3% (n=7) of
the families of the group under control and 38.9% (n=21) of the families of the
uncontrolled cases had a history of eczema (p=0.005). The hospital admission
rates of the group under control were found to be 30.6% (n=15) in September,
32.7% (n=16) in October, 30.6% (n=15) in November, and 6.10% (n=3) in December,
and the rates for the uncontrolled cases were 5.6% (n=3) in September, 25.9%
(n=14) in October, 33.3% (n=18) in November, and 35.2% (n=19) in December. We
detected that the uncontrolled cases were admitted more frequently than the
ones under control in December (p=0.001).

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: C-ACT is a practical application that helps
physicians with the follow-up of patients. We have determined in our study that
a significant percentage of the asthmatics are uncontrolled cases. We estimated
that the increase of complaints in December in patients with asthma may be
related to regional climatic changes as well as environmental conditions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Astım, okul çağı, astım kontrol testi

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