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Çocukluk Çağı Obezitesine Genel Bakış

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 27 - 30, 01.06.2013
https://doi.org/10.4274/Jcp.11.05

Öz

Türkiye’de yakın zamana kadar çocuklardaki şişmanlık üzerinde pek durulmamış ve “şişman çocuk sağlıklı çocuk” anlayışı aileler tarafından yaygın bir biçimde kabul görmüştür. Ancak son yıllarda dünya ile birlikte ülkemizde de artan obezite prevalansı ve çocukluk çağı obezitesiyle hipertansiyon, diyabet, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar gibi birçok hastalık arasında yakın ilişki olduğunun anlaşılması tüm dünyada olduğu gibi Türkiye’de de hem sağlık profesyonellerinin hem de toplumun çocukluk çağı obezitesine bakışını değiştirmiştir. Ülkemizde okul çağındaki çocuklarda obezite prevalansını ve etkileyen faktörleri araştıran ülke genelinde yapılmış çalışmalar olmasa da, çeşitli illerde yapılan çalışmalarda okul çağındaki çocuklarda fazla tartılı çocuk oranının %4-13 arası, obez çocuk oranının ise %9-27 arası olduğu bildirilmektedir. Literatürde, Türkiye’de çocukların obezitesi ile fast-food restoranlara gitme sıklığı, çocukların tabağındaki yemeği bitirmeye zorlanması, aile bireylerinden birinin ya da ikisinin obez olması arasında pozitif korelâsyon bulunmuştur. Bunun yanı sıra kahvaltı etme sıklığı ile çocukluk çağı obezitesi arasında negatif korelâsyon olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu makalede, Türkiye’deki çocukluk çağı obezitesiyle ilgili risk faktörleri incelenecektir

Kaynakça

  • 1. Köksal G, Özel H G, Okul Öncesi Dönemde Obezite, Klasmat Matbaacılık, Ankara, 2008.
  • 2. Akgün S, Bakar C, Kut A, Kınık ST. Başkent üniversitesi hastanesi pediatri polikliniklerine başvuran beş yaş altı çocuklarda obezite görülme sıklığı ve etkileyen faktörler. STED 2006;15:60-7.
  • 3. Cinaz, P. Bideci, A. Obezite, H Günöz, G Öcal, N Yordam, S Kurtoğlu (Ed.), Pediatrik Endokrinoloji, 1. Basım, Pediatrik Endokrinoloji ve Oksoloji Derneği Yayınları 1, Kalkan Matbaacılık, 2003. p487–505.
  • 4. Wang Y, Lobstein T. Worldwide trends in childhood overweigh and obesity. Int J Pediatr Obes 2006:1;11-25.
  • 5. Çalışır H, Karaçam Z. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in primary schoolchildren and its correlation with sociodemographic factors in Aydın, Turkey. Int J Nurs Pract 2011;17:166–73.
  • 6. Janssen I, Craig WM, Boyce WF, Pickett W. Associations between overweight and obesity with bullying behaviors in school-aged children. Pediatrics 2004;113:1187–94.
  • 7. Chu N-F. Prevalence of obesity in Taiwan. Obes Rev 2005;6:271–4.
  • 8. World Health Organization Europe. The challenge of obesity, in the WHO European Region and the strategies for response. 2007. Available from URL: http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_ fi le/0010/74746/E90711.pdf.. Accessed, 20 May 2011.
  • 9. Lobstein T, Frelut ML. Prevalence of overweight among children in Europe. Obes Rev 2003;4:195–200.
  • 10. Overweight and Obesity, Trends in Childhood Obesity http:// www.cdc.gov/obesity/childhood/prevalence.html. Accessed, 20 May 2011.
  • 11. Al-Nuaim AR, Bamgboye EA, al-Herbish A. The pattern of growth and obesity in Saudi Arabian male school children. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1996;20:1000-5.
  • 12. al-Isa AN, Moussa MA. Obesity among Kuwaiti pre-school children aged 0-5 years: prevalence and comparison with the NCHS/CDC reference population. Nutr Health 1998;12:235-46.
  • 13. World Health Organization. School policy framework: Implementation of the WHO global strategy on diet, physical activity and health. 2008. Available from URL: http://www.who.int/ dietphysicalactivity/SPF-en-2008.pdf. Accessed, 20 May 2011.
  • 14. Dündar Y, Evliyaog˘lu O, Hatun S. Short stature and obesity in school children: A neglected problem. Turkiye Klinikleri J Pediatr 2000;9:19-22.
  • 15. Kara PG, Duru NS, Karşıdağ K, Elevli M, Ataoğlu E, Özkul AA. The metabolic syndrome components status and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in 10–14 age group healthy Turkish children at a primary school in Istanbul province. 2006. Available from URL: http://www.millipediatri.org.tr/bildiriler/ PP-211 Accessed, 20 May 2011.
  • 16. Martorell R, Kettle K, Hughes ML, Grummer-Stawn ML. Overweight and obesity in preschool children from developing countries. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2000;24:959-67.
  • 17. Eksen S, Karakuş A. Muğla Merkez İlköğretim Okulları Anasınıfı Öğrencilerinde Kan Basıncı, Kilo, Boy, Beden Kütle İndeksi Değerleri ile Obezite ve Hipertansiyon Durumlarının İncelenmesi, Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, www. insanbilimleri.com. Accessed, 10 Oct 2011.
  • 18. Hawkins SS, Law C. A review of risk factors for overweight in preschool children: A policy perspective. Int J Pediatr Obes 2006;1:195-209.
  • 19. Dietz WH, Robinson TN. Assessment and treatment of childhood obesity. Pediatr Rev 1993;14:337-43; quiz 344.
  • 20. Golan M, Weizman A. Familial approach to the treatment of childhood obesity: conceptual model. J Nutr Educ 2001;33:102-7.
  • 21. Sancak R, Dündar C, Totan M, Çakır M, Sunter T, Küçüködük Ş. Ortaokul ve lise öğrencilerinde obezite prevalansı ve predispozan faktörler. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Tıp Dergisi 1999;16:19-24.
  • 22. Hui LL, Nelson EA, Yu LM, Li AM, Fok TF. Risk factors for childhood overweight in 6- to 7-y-old Hong Kong children. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2003;27:1411-8.
  • 23. Takahashi E, Yoshida K, Sugimori H, Miyakawa M, Izuno T, Yamagami T et al. Infl uence Factors on the Development of Obesity in 3 Years-Old Children Based on the Toyoma Study. Prev Med 1999;28:293-6.
  • 24. Kramer MS. Do breast-feeding and delayed introduction of solid foods protect against subsequent obesity? J Pediatr 1981;98:883-7.
  • 25. von Kries R, Koletzko B, Sauerwald T, von Mutius E, Barnert D, Grunert V et al. Breast feeding and obesity; cross sectional study. BMJ 1999;319:147-50.
  • 26. Jain A, Sherman SN, Chamberlin LA, Carter Y, Power SW, Whitaker RC. Why don’t low-income mothers worry about their preschoolers being overweight? Pediatrics 2001;107:1138-46.
  • 27. Dursun A. Obezite. Ed: Kale G. Sosyal Pediatri III-IV 2003; 25. p277-297.
  • 28. Tüzün M. Obezite ve tedavisi. İstanbul: Mart Matbaacılık, 1999.
  • 29. Süzek H, Arı Z, Uyanık BS. The overweight and obesity prevalence in 6–15-years-old school children living in Muğla. Türk Biyokimya Dergisi 2005;30:290–5.
  • 30. Johnson CA, Xie B, Liu C, Reynolds KD, Chou CP, Koprowski C et al. Socio-demographic and cultural comparison of overweight and obesity risk and prevalence in adolescents in Southern California and Wuhan, China. J Adolesc Health 2006;39:925. e1-8.
  • 31. Khader Y, Irshaidat O, Khasawneh AZ, Alomari M, Batieha A. Overweight and obesity among school children in Jordan: Prevalence and associated factors. Matern Child Health J 2009;13:424-31.
  • 32. Pehlivanturk B. Cocuk ve ergenlerdeki obezitenin psikososyal yönleri. Katkı Pediatri Dergisi 2000;21:574-81.
  • 33. Harvey-Berino J, Rourke J. Obesity prevention in preschool native-American children: a pilot study using home visiting. Obes Res 2003;11:606-11.
  • 34. Bandura A. Social cognitive theory: an agentic perspective. Annu Rev Psychol 2001;52:1-26.

General Overview on Childhood Obesity

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 27 - 30, 01.06.2013
https://doi.org/10.4274/Jcp.11.05

Öz

Until recently, it has not been put much emphasis on obesity in children and the view of “obese child is healthy” is widely accepted by families. However, understanding that a close relation exists between obesity prevalence and childhood obesity, which increased in recent years both across the world and in our country, and many diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases changed the opinion of both of health care professionals and the society about childhood obesity in Turkey, like it changed the opinion in all around the world. Although there are no studies in our country, which have been conducted to investigate obesity prevalence and affecting factors in children nationwide, it is reported in studies carried out in various cities that rate of overweight children in preschool children is between 4-13%, whereas rate of obese children is between 9-27%. In the literature, a positive correlation was found between the frequency of taking the children to fast-food restaurants, compelling children to eat foods on their dishes, one or two of the parents being obese and obesity of children in Turkey. In this review will focus on the risk factors of childhood obesity in Turkey

Kaynakça

  • 1. Köksal G, Özel H G, Okul Öncesi Dönemde Obezite, Klasmat Matbaacılık, Ankara, 2008.
  • 2. Akgün S, Bakar C, Kut A, Kınık ST. Başkent üniversitesi hastanesi pediatri polikliniklerine başvuran beş yaş altı çocuklarda obezite görülme sıklığı ve etkileyen faktörler. STED 2006;15:60-7.
  • 3. Cinaz, P. Bideci, A. Obezite, H Günöz, G Öcal, N Yordam, S Kurtoğlu (Ed.), Pediatrik Endokrinoloji, 1. Basım, Pediatrik Endokrinoloji ve Oksoloji Derneği Yayınları 1, Kalkan Matbaacılık, 2003. p487–505.
  • 4. Wang Y, Lobstein T. Worldwide trends in childhood overweigh and obesity. Int J Pediatr Obes 2006:1;11-25.
  • 5. Çalışır H, Karaçam Z. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in primary schoolchildren and its correlation with sociodemographic factors in Aydın, Turkey. Int J Nurs Pract 2011;17:166–73.
  • 6. Janssen I, Craig WM, Boyce WF, Pickett W. Associations between overweight and obesity with bullying behaviors in school-aged children. Pediatrics 2004;113:1187–94.
  • 7. Chu N-F. Prevalence of obesity in Taiwan. Obes Rev 2005;6:271–4.
  • 8. World Health Organization Europe. The challenge of obesity, in the WHO European Region and the strategies for response. 2007. Available from URL: http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_ fi le/0010/74746/E90711.pdf.. Accessed, 20 May 2011.
  • 9. Lobstein T, Frelut ML. Prevalence of overweight among children in Europe. Obes Rev 2003;4:195–200.
  • 10. Overweight and Obesity, Trends in Childhood Obesity http:// www.cdc.gov/obesity/childhood/prevalence.html. Accessed, 20 May 2011.
  • 11. Al-Nuaim AR, Bamgboye EA, al-Herbish A. The pattern of growth and obesity in Saudi Arabian male school children. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 1996;20:1000-5.
  • 12. al-Isa AN, Moussa MA. Obesity among Kuwaiti pre-school children aged 0-5 years: prevalence and comparison with the NCHS/CDC reference population. Nutr Health 1998;12:235-46.
  • 13. World Health Organization. School policy framework: Implementation of the WHO global strategy on diet, physical activity and health. 2008. Available from URL: http://www.who.int/ dietphysicalactivity/SPF-en-2008.pdf. Accessed, 20 May 2011.
  • 14. Dündar Y, Evliyaog˘lu O, Hatun S. Short stature and obesity in school children: A neglected problem. Turkiye Klinikleri J Pediatr 2000;9:19-22.
  • 15. Kara PG, Duru NS, Karşıdağ K, Elevli M, Ataoğlu E, Özkul AA. The metabolic syndrome components status and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in 10–14 age group healthy Turkish children at a primary school in Istanbul province. 2006. Available from URL: http://www.millipediatri.org.tr/bildiriler/ PP-211 Accessed, 20 May 2011.
  • 16. Martorell R, Kettle K, Hughes ML, Grummer-Stawn ML. Overweight and obesity in preschool children from developing countries. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2000;24:959-67.
  • 17. Eksen S, Karakuş A. Muğla Merkez İlköğretim Okulları Anasınıfı Öğrencilerinde Kan Basıncı, Kilo, Boy, Beden Kütle İndeksi Değerleri ile Obezite ve Hipertansiyon Durumlarının İncelenmesi, Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, www. insanbilimleri.com. Accessed, 10 Oct 2011.
  • 18. Hawkins SS, Law C. A review of risk factors for overweight in preschool children: A policy perspective. Int J Pediatr Obes 2006;1:195-209.
  • 19. Dietz WH, Robinson TN. Assessment and treatment of childhood obesity. Pediatr Rev 1993;14:337-43; quiz 344.
  • 20. Golan M, Weizman A. Familial approach to the treatment of childhood obesity: conceptual model. J Nutr Educ 2001;33:102-7.
  • 21. Sancak R, Dündar C, Totan M, Çakır M, Sunter T, Küçüködük Ş. Ortaokul ve lise öğrencilerinde obezite prevalansı ve predispozan faktörler. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Tıp Dergisi 1999;16:19-24.
  • 22. Hui LL, Nelson EA, Yu LM, Li AM, Fok TF. Risk factors for childhood overweight in 6- to 7-y-old Hong Kong children. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2003;27:1411-8.
  • 23. Takahashi E, Yoshida K, Sugimori H, Miyakawa M, Izuno T, Yamagami T et al. Infl uence Factors on the Development of Obesity in 3 Years-Old Children Based on the Toyoma Study. Prev Med 1999;28:293-6.
  • 24. Kramer MS. Do breast-feeding and delayed introduction of solid foods protect against subsequent obesity? J Pediatr 1981;98:883-7.
  • 25. von Kries R, Koletzko B, Sauerwald T, von Mutius E, Barnert D, Grunert V et al. Breast feeding and obesity; cross sectional study. BMJ 1999;319:147-50.
  • 26. Jain A, Sherman SN, Chamberlin LA, Carter Y, Power SW, Whitaker RC. Why don’t low-income mothers worry about their preschoolers being overweight? Pediatrics 2001;107:1138-46.
  • 27. Dursun A. Obezite. Ed: Kale G. Sosyal Pediatri III-IV 2003; 25. p277-297.
  • 28. Tüzün M. Obezite ve tedavisi. İstanbul: Mart Matbaacılık, 1999.
  • 29. Süzek H, Arı Z, Uyanık BS. The overweight and obesity prevalence in 6–15-years-old school children living in Muğla. Türk Biyokimya Dergisi 2005;30:290–5.
  • 30. Johnson CA, Xie B, Liu C, Reynolds KD, Chou CP, Koprowski C et al. Socio-demographic and cultural comparison of overweight and obesity risk and prevalence in adolescents in Southern California and Wuhan, China. J Adolesc Health 2006;39:925. e1-8.
  • 31. Khader Y, Irshaidat O, Khasawneh AZ, Alomari M, Batieha A. Overweight and obesity among school children in Jordan: Prevalence and associated factors. Matern Child Health J 2009;13:424-31.
  • 32. Pehlivanturk B. Cocuk ve ergenlerdeki obezitenin psikososyal yönleri. Katkı Pediatri Dergisi 2000;21:574-81.
  • 33. Harvey-Berino J, Rourke J. Obesity prevention in preschool native-American children: a pilot study using home visiting. Obes Res 2003;11:606-11.
  • 34. Bandura A. Social cognitive theory: an agentic perspective. Annu Rev Psychol 2001;52:1-26.
Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Collection
Yazarlar

Sevil İnal Bu kişi benim

Nejla Canbulat

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Haziran 2013
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2013 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA İnal, S., & Canbulat, N. (2013). Çocukluk Çağı Obezitesine Genel Bakış. Güncel Pediatri, 11(1), 27-30. https://doi.org/10.4274/Jcp.11.05
AMA İnal S, Canbulat N. Çocukluk Çağı Obezitesine Genel Bakış. Güncel Pediatri. Haziran 2013;11(1):27-30. doi:10.4274/Jcp.11.05
Chicago İnal, Sevil, ve Nejla Canbulat. “Çocukluk Çağı Obezitesine Genel Bakış”. Güncel Pediatri 11, sy. 1 (Haziran 2013): 27-30. https://doi.org/10.4274/Jcp.11.05.
EndNote İnal S, Canbulat N (01 Haziran 2013) Çocukluk Çağı Obezitesine Genel Bakış. Güncel Pediatri 11 1 27–30.
IEEE S. İnal ve N. Canbulat, “Çocukluk Çağı Obezitesine Genel Bakış”, Güncel Pediatri, c. 11, sy. 1, ss. 27–30, 2013, doi: 10.4274/Jcp.11.05.
ISNAD İnal, Sevil - Canbulat, Nejla. “Çocukluk Çağı Obezitesine Genel Bakış”. Güncel Pediatri 11/1 (Haziran 2013), 27-30. https://doi.org/10.4274/Jcp.11.05.
JAMA İnal S, Canbulat N. Çocukluk Çağı Obezitesine Genel Bakış. Güncel Pediatri. 2013;11:27–30.
MLA İnal, Sevil ve Nejla Canbulat. “Çocukluk Çağı Obezitesine Genel Bakış”. Güncel Pediatri, c. 11, sy. 1, 2013, ss. 27-30, doi:10.4274/Jcp.11.05.
Vancouver İnal S, Canbulat N. Çocukluk Çağı Obezitesine Genel Bakış. Güncel Pediatri. 2013;11(1):27-30.