Uzun yıllar boyunca sadece erişkinleri ilgilendiren bir hastalık grubu olarak bilinen “trombotik olaylar” son yıllarda pediatrik hematoloji ve genel pediatri pratiğinde sık tartışılan hastalık grupları içinde yerini almıştır. Kuşkusuz bunun en önemli nedeni son yıllarda tanımlanan, tromboz riskini arttırdığı gösterilen konjenital faktörlerdir 1 .
Rosendaal FR. Trombosis in the young: Epidemiology and risk factors. A focus on venous thrombosis. Thromb Haemost 1997; 2: 41-57.
Andrew M, Monagle PT, Broker L. Thromboembolic complications du- ring infancy and childhood. In: Andrew M (ed). Congenital Prothrombo- tik Disorders: Presentation During Infancy And Childhood. London: B.C.Decker Hamilton; 2000.p 51-102.
Gürgey A, Özyürek EH. Tromboza neden olan herediter faktörler. Katkı Pediatri Dergisi 2001; 22:170-77.
Gürgey A. Çocukluk çağı tromboembolilerinde klinik bulgular. 21. Pedi- atri Günleri,, 1999, İstanbul, Bildiri Özet Kitabı, s.149-54.
Kemahlı S. Çocuklarda trombozlar. XXXVI.Türk Pediatri Kongresi, 1999, Ankara, Bildiri Özet Kitabı, s.43-54.
De Stefona V, Finazzi G, Manucci PM. Inherited thrombophilia patoge- nesis, clinical syndrome and management. Blood 1996;87:3531-44.
Lanzkowsky P: Thrombotic Disorders. In: Manual of Pediatric Hemato- logy and Oncology. 3rd.ed. San Diego:Academic Press; 2000;233-87.
Bolaman Z. Aktive protein C Direnci. XXIX. Türk Hematoloji Kongresi, 2002, Antalya, VI. Mezuniyet Sonrası Eğitim Kurs Kitabı, s.81-92.
De Visser MC, Rosendaal FR, Bertina RM. A reduced sensitivity for ac- tivated protein C in the absence factor V Leiden increases the risk ve- nous thrombosus. Blood 1999; 93:1271-77.
Dahlback B. Inherited trombophilia: Resistance to actived PC as a pat- hologic factor of venous thromboembolism. Blood 1995,85:607-14.
Celkan T. Çocukluk çağında kalıtsal nedenli tromboz. Türk Pediatri Arfli- vi 2003;38:131-45.
Uçar F, Ovalı E, Önder E, Değer O, Özdemir F. Faktör V Leiden biyokim- yası, genetiği, risk grupları ve moleküler düzeyde tayini. İbni Sina Tıp Dergisi 2001;6: 60-5.
Goodnight SH, Griffin JH. Hereditary Trombophilia. In Beutler E, Licht- man MA, Coller BS, Kipps TJ, Seligsohn U (ed.). Willams Hematology. 6th edition. McGraw-Hill; 2001: 1697-707.
Kavaklı K, Özkayın N, Mir S. Hypercoagulability and preventive mecha- nism in childhood nephrotic syndrome. Thromb Haemost 1999; 82: 317- 18.
Spannagl M, Dick A, Asman A. Resistance to activated protein C in vo- men using oral contraceptives. Sem Thromb Hemost 1998; 24:423-30.
Gul A, Ozbek U, Oztürk C. Coagulation factor V leiden mutation incre- ases the risk of venosus thrombosus in Behçet’s disease. J Rheumatol 1996;35:1178-80.
Oner AF, Gurgey A, Gurler A. Factor V Leiden mutation in patients Beh- çet’s disease. J Rheumatol 1998;25:496-498.
Inbal A, Freimark D, Modan B. Synergistic effects of prothrombotic polymorphism and atherogenic factors on the risk of myocardial infarc- tion in young males. Blood 1999; 93:2186-93.
Conroy J.M, Trivedi G, Sovd T, Caggana M. The allele frequency of mu- tations in four genes that confer enhanced susceptibility to venous thromboembolism in an unselected group of New York State newborns. Thromb Research 2000;99: 317-24.
Aschka I, Aumann V, Bergmann F, Budde U, Eberl W et all. Prevalence of factor V Leiden in children with thrombo-embolism. Eur J Pediatr 1996;155:1009-14.
Rees DC, Cox M, Clegg JB. World distribition of factor V Leiden. Lancet 1995:346;1133-41.
Haida C, Gialeraki A, Tsoukala C, Mandalaki T. Prevalance of FVQ506 mutation in Hellenic population. Thromb Haemost 1996;76:124-28.
Shen MC, Lin JS, Tsay W. High prevalance of antithrombin III, protein C and Protein S deficiency, but no factor V Leiden mutation in venous thrombophilic Chinese patients in Taiwan. Thromb Research 1997;87:377-85.
Ben-Tal O, Zivelin A, Seligsohn U. The relative frequency of hereditary thrombotic disorders among 107 patients and thrombophilia in Israel. Thromb Haemost 1999;61:50–4.
Ozbek U,Tangün Y. Frequency of factor V Leiden in Turkey. Int J Hema- tol 1996,64:291-292.
Akar N, Akar E, Dalgın G. Frequency of factor V 1691 G-A in the Turkish population. Thromb Haemost 1997:39:313-5.
Gurgey A, Mesci L. The prevalance of factor V Leiden (1691 G-A) muta- tion in Turkey. Turk J Pediatr 1997;39:213-7.
Vurkun M, Vural Ö, Demir M. The prevalance of activated protein C re- sistence and F V Leiden in healthy population of Edirne. Turk J Haema- tol 2002;19:287-91.
Bertina RM. Molecular risk factors for thrombosis. Thromb Haeamost 1999;82:601-9.
Zivelin A, Rosenberg N, Faier S. A single genetic origin for the common prothrombotic G20210A polymorphism in the prothrombin gene. Blood 1998;92: 1119–24.
McColl MD, Chalmers EA, Thomas A, et al. Factor V Leiden, prothrom- bin 20210 G—A and the MTHFR C677T mutation in childhood stroke. Thromb Haemost 1999;81:690–4.
Makris M, Preston FE, Beauchamp NJ, et al. Co-inheritance of the 20210A allele of the prothrombin gene increases the risk of thrombosis in subjects with familial thrombophilia. Thromb Haemost 1997;78:1426–9.
Rosendahl FR, Doggen CJM, Zivelin A. Geographic distribution of the 20219G to prothrombin Thromb Haemost 1998;79:706–8.
De Stefano V, Martinelli I, Mannucci PM, et al. The risk of recurrent de- ep venous thrombosis among heterozygous carriers of both factor V Leiden and the G20210A prothrombin mutation. N Engl J Med 1999;341:801–6.
Simioni P, Tormene D, Manfrin D. Prothrombin antigen levels in sympto- matic and asymptomatic carriers of the 20210A prothrombin variant. Br J Haematol 1998;103:1045–50.
Mahasandana C, Suvatte V, Chuansumvita A, et al. Homozygous prote- in S deficiency in an infant with purpura fulminans. J Pediatr 1990;117:750–3.
Tait RC, Walker ID, Perry DJ, et al. Prevalence of antithrombin defici- ency in the healthy population. Br J Haematol 1994;87:106–12.
Heijboer H, Brandjes D, Buller H, et al. Deficiencies of coagulation-in- hibiting and fibrinolytic proteins in outpatients with deep-vein throm- bosis. N Engl J Med 1990;323:1512–6.
Malm J, Laurell M, Nilsson I, Dahlback B. Thromboembolic disease critical evaluation of laboratory investigation. Thromb Haemost 1992;68:7–13.
Pabinger I, Brucker S, Kyrle PA, et al. Hereditary deficiency of antith- rombin III, protein C, and protein S: prevalence in patients with a his- tory of venous thrombosis and criteria for rational patient screening. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 1992;3:547–53.
Bertina RM, Brokemans AW. The use of a functional and immunologic assay for plasma protein C in the study of the heterogeneity of con- genital protein C deficiency. Thromb Haemost 1984;51:1–2.
Comp PC, Nixon RR, Esmon CT. Determination of functional levels of protein C, an antithrombotic protein, using thrombin-thrombomodulin complex. Blood 1984;63:15–6.
Tokgözlüoğlu SL, Alikaflifoğlu M, Atalar E. Homosistein ve MTHFR genotipinin koroner arter hastalığı risk ve yaygınlığının belirlenmesin- deki önemi. Türk Kardiyol Dern Arfl 1999; 27:598-603.
Clarke R, Daly R, Robinson K. Hyperhomocysteinemia: an independent risk factor for vascular disease. N Engl J Med 1991;324:1149-55.
Kang SS, Wong PW, Malinow MR. Hyperhomocystenemia as risk fac- tor for occlusive vascular disease. Ann Rev Nutr 1992;12:279-98.
Akar N. Common mutations at the homocysteine metabolism pathway and pediatric stroke. Throm Res. 2001;22:75-9.
Loscalzo J: The oxidant stress of hyperhomocyst(e)inemia. J Clin Invest 1996; 98:5-7.
Brattstorm L, Wilcken DE, Ohrvick J, Brudin L. Common methylenetet- rahydrofolate reductase gene mutation leads to hyperhomocys- teinemia about not to vascular disease: the result of a metaanalysis. Circulation 1998; 24:24-9.
Cleophas TJ, Hornstra N, Hoogstraten van B, van der Meulen J: Homocysteine, a risk factor for coronary artery disease or not ? A meta analysis. Am J Cardiol 2000;86:1005-9.
Akar N, Akar E, Özel D, Deda G, Sipahi T: Common mutations at the homocysteine metabolism pathway and pediatric stroke. Thrombosis Research 2001;102:115 -20.
Akar N, Akar E, Mısırlıoglu M, Avcu F, Yalçin A, Cin S. Search for genet- ic factors thrombosis in Turkish population. Thromb Research 1998;79:79-82.
Balta G, Gurgey A. Metylenetetrahydrofolate reduktase (MTHFR) 677 C- T mutation in Turkish patients with thrombosis. Turk J Pediatr 1999;41:197-9.
Bushey CJ, Beresford SA, Omenn GS, Motulsky AG. A quantitative asses- ment of plasma homocystein as a risk factor for vascular dissease. Probable benefits of increasing folic asid intakes. JAMA 1995;274:1049-57.
Akar N: Trombozda moleküler değiflimler. In:Neonatal Hemostaz ve Tromboz. Ed: O. Ulutin, fi. Cin. Ankara: Ankara Tıp Fakültesi Basımevi: 1999. s.175-85
Kurekci E. Factor VIII levels in children with thrombosis. Ped. Int. 2003;2:25-9.
Van Cott EM. Laboratory evalution of hypercoaguable states. Hematol Oncol Clin Nort Am 2002.
June H. Wu: Studies of apolipoprotein (a) promoter from subject with different plasma Lipoprotein (a) concentrations. Clin. Biochemistry 2003;16:14-9.
Miletich JP, Broze GJ. Age and gender dependence of total protein S antigen in the normal adult population. Blood 1988;72:371a.
Andrew M, Marzinotto, V, Brooker L, et al. Oral anticoagulant therapy in pediatric patients: a prospective study. Thromb Haemost 1994;71:265–9.
Monagle P, Michelson AD, Bovill E, Andrew M. Antithrombotic Therapy in Children Chest 2001;119:344-70.
Hathaway, WE, Bonnar J, Hemostatic disorders of the pregnant woman and newborn infant. Elsevier Science New York:1987, 1552-57
Andrew, M, Paes, B, Milner, R. Development of the human coagulation system in the healthy premature infant. Blood 1988;72:1651-1657.
Hirsh, J, Dalen, J, Warkentin, T. Heparin: mechanism of action, phar- macokinetics, dosing considerations, monitoring, efficacy and safety. Chest;1995: 108(suppl):258-75.
Murphy M. Heparin therapy and bone fractures. Lancet:1992;340:1098-99.
Massicotte MP, Adams M, Leaker M, et al. A nomogram to establish therapeutic levels of the low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), cli- varine in children requiring treatment for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Thromb Haemost 1997; 282(suppl).
Andrew M, Ofosu F, Brooker L, The comparison of the phar- macokinetics of a low molecular heparin in the newborn and adult pig. Thromb Res 1989;56:529-39.
Dix D, Marzinotto V, Leaker M, The use of low molecular weight heparin in pediatric patients: a prospective cohort study. J Pediatr 2000;136:439-45.
Streif W, Andrew M, Marzinotto V, Analysis of warfarin therapy in pediatric patients: a prospective cohort study. Blood 1999;94:3007-14.
Lecompte TP, Lecrubier C, Bouloux C Antiplatelet effects of the addition of acetylsalicylic acid 40 mg daily to ticlopidine in human healthy volun- teers. Clin Appl Thromb Hemostas(abst) 1997;3:245-50.
Becquemin, JP Effect of ticlopidine on the long term patency of sap- henous vein bypass grafts in the legs: Etude de la Ticlopidine apres Pontage Femoro-Poplite and the Association Universitaire de Recherc- he en Chirurgie. N Engl J Med 1997;337:1726-31.
Leaker M, Massicotte MP, Brooker L, Thrombolytic therapy in pediatric patients: a comprehensive review of the literature. Thromb Haemost 1996;76:132-4.
Rosendaal FR. Trombosis in the young: Epidemiology and risk factors. A focus on venous thrombosis. Thromb Haemost 1997; 2: 41-57.
Andrew M, Monagle PT, Broker L. Thromboembolic complications du- ring infancy and childhood. In: Andrew M (ed). Congenital Prothrombo- tik Disorders: Presentation During Infancy And Childhood. London: B.C.Decker Hamilton; 2000.p 51-102.
Gürgey A, Özyürek EH. Tromboza neden olan herediter faktörler. Katkı Pediatri Dergisi 2001; 22:170-77.
Gürgey A. Çocukluk çağı tromboembolilerinde klinik bulgular. 21. Pedi- atri Günleri,, 1999, İstanbul, Bildiri Özet Kitabı, s.149-54.
Kemahlı S. Çocuklarda trombozlar. XXXVI.Türk Pediatri Kongresi, 1999, Ankara, Bildiri Özet Kitabı, s.43-54.
De Stefona V, Finazzi G, Manucci PM. Inherited thrombophilia patoge- nesis, clinical syndrome and management. Blood 1996;87:3531-44.
Lanzkowsky P: Thrombotic Disorders. In: Manual of Pediatric Hemato- logy and Oncology. 3rd.ed. San Diego:Academic Press; 2000;233-87.
Bolaman Z. Aktive protein C Direnci. XXIX. Türk Hematoloji Kongresi, 2002, Antalya, VI. Mezuniyet Sonrası Eğitim Kurs Kitabı, s.81-92.
De Visser MC, Rosendaal FR, Bertina RM. A reduced sensitivity for ac- tivated protein C in the absence factor V Leiden increases the risk ve- nous thrombosus. Blood 1999; 93:1271-77.
Dahlback B. Inherited trombophilia: Resistance to actived PC as a pat- hologic factor of venous thromboembolism. Blood 1995,85:607-14.
Celkan T. Çocukluk çağında kalıtsal nedenli tromboz. Türk Pediatri Arfli- vi 2003;38:131-45.
Uçar F, Ovalı E, Önder E, Değer O, Özdemir F. Faktör V Leiden biyokim- yası, genetiği, risk grupları ve moleküler düzeyde tayini. İbni Sina Tıp Dergisi 2001;6: 60-5.
Goodnight SH, Griffin JH. Hereditary Trombophilia. In Beutler E, Licht- man MA, Coller BS, Kipps TJ, Seligsohn U (ed.). Willams Hematology. 6th edition. McGraw-Hill; 2001: 1697-707.
Kavaklı K, Özkayın N, Mir S. Hypercoagulability and preventive mecha- nism in childhood nephrotic syndrome. Thromb Haemost 1999; 82: 317- 18.
Spannagl M, Dick A, Asman A. Resistance to activated protein C in vo- men using oral contraceptives. Sem Thromb Hemost 1998; 24:423-30.
Gul A, Ozbek U, Oztürk C. Coagulation factor V leiden mutation incre- ases the risk of venosus thrombosus in Behçet’s disease. J Rheumatol 1996;35:1178-80.
Oner AF, Gurgey A, Gurler A. Factor V Leiden mutation in patients Beh- çet’s disease. J Rheumatol 1998;25:496-498.
Inbal A, Freimark D, Modan B. Synergistic effects of prothrombotic polymorphism and atherogenic factors on the risk of myocardial infarc- tion in young males. Blood 1999; 93:2186-93.
Conroy J.M, Trivedi G, Sovd T, Caggana M. The allele frequency of mu- tations in four genes that confer enhanced susceptibility to venous thromboembolism in an unselected group of New York State newborns. Thromb Research 2000;99: 317-24.
Aschka I, Aumann V, Bergmann F, Budde U, Eberl W et all. Prevalence of factor V Leiden in children with thrombo-embolism. Eur J Pediatr 1996;155:1009-14.
Rees DC, Cox M, Clegg JB. World distribition of factor V Leiden. Lancet 1995:346;1133-41.
Haida C, Gialeraki A, Tsoukala C, Mandalaki T. Prevalance of FVQ506 mutation in Hellenic population. Thromb Haemost 1996;76:124-28.
Shen MC, Lin JS, Tsay W. High prevalance of antithrombin III, protein C and Protein S deficiency, but no factor V Leiden mutation in venous thrombophilic Chinese patients in Taiwan. Thromb Research 1997;87:377-85.
Ben-Tal O, Zivelin A, Seligsohn U. The relative frequency of hereditary thrombotic disorders among 107 patients and thrombophilia in Israel. Thromb Haemost 1999;61:50–4.
Ozbek U,Tangün Y. Frequency of factor V Leiden in Turkey. Int J Hema- tol 1996,64:291-292.
Akar N, Akar E, Dalgın G. Frequency of factor V 1691 G-A in the Turkish population. Thromb Haemost 1997:39:313-5.
Gurgey A, Mesci L. The prevalance of factor V Leiden (1691 G-A) muta- tion in Turkey. Turk J Pediatr 1997;39:213-7.
Vurkun M, Vural Ö, Demir M. The prevalance of activated protein C re- sistence and F V Leiden in healthy population of Edirne. Turk J Haema- tol 2002;19:287-91.
Bertina RM. Molecular risk factors for thrombosis. Thromb Haeamost 1999;82:601-9.
Zivelin A, Rosenberg N, Faier S. A single genetic origin for the common prothrombotic G20210A polymorphism in the prothrombin gene. Blood 1998;92: 1119–24.
McColl MD, Chalmers EA, Thomas A, et al. Factor V Leiden, prothrom- bin 20210 G—A and the MTHFR C677T mutation in childhood stroke. Thromb Haemost 1999;81:690–4.
Makris M, Preston FE, Beauchamp NJ, et al. Co-inheritance of the 20210A allele of the prothrombin gene increases the risk of thrombosis in subjects with familial thrombophilia. Thromb Haemost 1997;78:1426–9.
Rosendahl FR, Doggen CJM, Zivelin A. Geographic distribution of the 20219G to prothrombin Thromb Haemost 1998;79:706–8.
De Stefano V, Martinelli I, Mannucci PM, et al. The risk of recurrent de- ep venous thrombosis among heterozygous carriers of both factor V Leiden and the G20210A prothrombin mutation. N Engl J Med 1999;341:801–6.
Simioni P, Tormene D, Manfrin D. Prothrombin antigen levels in sympto- matic and asymptomatic carriers of the 20210A prothrombin variant. Br J Haematol 1998;103:1045–50.
Mahasandana C, Suvatte V, Chuansumvita A, et al. Homozygous prote- in S deficiency in an infant with purpura fulminans. J Pediatr 1990;117:750–3.
Tait RC, Walker ID, Perry DJ, et al. Prevalence of antithrombin defici- ency in the healthy population. Br J Haematol 1994;87:106–12.
Heijboer H, Brandjes D, Buller H, et al. Deficiencies of coagulation-in- hibiting and fibrinolytic proteins in outpatients with deep-vein throm- bosis. N Engl J Med 1990;323:1512–6.
Malm J, Laurell M, Nilsson I, Dahlback B. Thromboembolic disease critical evaluation of laboratory investigation. Thromb Haemost 1992;68:7–13.
Pabinger I, Brucker S, Kyrle PA, et al. Hereditary deficiency of antith- rombin III, protein C, and protein S: prevalence in patients with a his- tory of venous thrombosis and criteria for rational patient screening. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 1992;3:547–53.
Bertina RM, Brokemans AW. The use of a functional and immunologic assay for plasma protein C in the study of the heterogeneity of con- genital protein C deficiency. Thromb Haemost 1984;51:1–2.
Comp PC, Nixon RR, Esmon CT. Determination of functional levels of protein C, an antithrombotic protein, using thrombin-thrombomodulin complex. Blood 1984;63:15–6.
Tokgözlüoğlu SL, Alikaflifoğlu M, Atalar E. Homosistein ve MTHFR genotipinin koroner arter hastalığı risk ve yaygınlığının belirlenmesin- deki önemi. Türk Kardiyol Dern Arfl 1999; 27:598-603.
Clarke R, Daly R, Robinson K. Hyperhomocysteinemia: an independent risk factor for vascular disease. N Engl J Med 1991;324:1149-55.
Kang SS, Wong PW, Malinow MR. Hyperhomocystenemia as risk fac- tor for occlusive vascular disease. Ann Rev Nutr 1992;12:279-98.
Akar N. Common mutations at the homocysteine metabolism pathway and pediatric stroke. Throm Res. 2001;22:75-9.
Loscalzo J: The oxidant stress of hyperhomocyst(e)inemia. J Clin Invest 1996; 98:5-7.
Brattstorm L, Wilcken DE, Ohrvick J, Brudin L. Common methylenetet- rahydrofolate reductase gene mutation leads to hyperhomocys- teinemia about not to vascular disease: the result of a metaanalysis. Circulation 1998; 24:24-9.
Cleophas TJ, Hornstra N, Hoogstraten van B, van der Meulen J: Homocysteine, a risk factor for coronary artery disease or not ? A meta analysis. Am J Cardiol 2000;86:1005-9.
Akar N, Akar E, Özel D, Deda G, Sipahi T: Common mutations at the homocysteine metabolism pathway and pediatric stroke. Thrombosis Research 2001;102:115 -20.
Akar N, Akar E, Mısırlıoglu M, Avcu F, Yalçin A, Cin S. Search for genet- ic factors thrombosis in Turkish population. Thromb Research 1998;79:79-82.
Balta G, Gurgey A. Metylenetetrahydrofolate reduktase (MTHFR) 677 C- T mutation in Turkish patients with thrombosis. Turk J Pediatr 1999;41:197-9.
Bushey CJ, Beresford SA, Omenn GS, Motulsky AG. A quantitative asses- ment of plasma homocystein as a risk factor for vascular dissease. Probable benefits of increasing folic asid intakes. JAMA 1995;274:1049-57.
Akar N: Trombozda moleküler değiflimler. In:Neonatal Hemostaz ve Tromboz. Ed: O. Ulutin, fi. Cin. Ankara: Ankara Tıp Fakültesi Basımevi: 1999. s.175-85
Kurekci E. Factor VIII levels in children with thrombosis. Ped. Int. 2003;2:25-9.
Van Cott EM. Laboratory evalution of hypercoaguable states. Hematol Oncol Clin Nort Am 2002.
June H. Wu: Studies of apolipoprotein (a) promoter from subject with different plasma Lipoprotein (a) concentrations. Clin. Biochemistry 2003;16:14-9.
Miletich JP, Broze GJ. Age and gender dependence of total protein S antigen in the normal adult population. Blood 1988;72:371a.
Andrew M, Marzinotto, V, Brooker L, et al. Oral anticoagulant therapy in pediatric patients: a prospective study. Thromb Haemost 1994;71:265–9.
Monagle P, Michelson AD, Bovill E, Andrew M. Antithrombotic Therapy in Children Chest 2001;119:344-70.
Hathaway, WE, Bonnar J, Hemostatic disorders of the pregnant woman and newborn infant. Elsevier Science New York:1987, 1552-57
Andrew, M, Paes, B, Milner, R. Development of the human coagulation system in the healthy premature infant. Blood 1988;72:1651-1657.
Hirsh, J, Dalen, J, Warkentin, T. Heparin: mechanism of action, phar- macokinetics, dosing considerations, monitoring, efficacy and safety. Chest;1995: 108(suppl):258-75.
Murphy M. Heparin therapy and bone fractures. Lancet:1992;340:1098-99.
Massicotte MP, Adams M, Leaker M, et al. A nomogram to establish therapeutic levels of the low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), cli- varine in children requiring treatment for venous thromboembolism (VTE). Thromb Haemost 1997; 282(suppl).
Andrew M, Ofosu F, Brooker L, The comparison of the phar- macokinetics of a low molecular heparin in the newborn and adult pig. Thromb Res 1989;56:529-39.
Dix D, Marzinotto V, Leaker M, The use of low molecular weight heparin in pediatric patients: a prospective cohort study. J Pediatr 2000;136:439-45.
Streif W, Andrew M, Marzinotto V, Analysis of warfarin therapy in pediatric patients: a prospective cohort study. Blood 1999;94:3007-14.
Lecompte TP, Lecrubier C, Bouloux C Antiplatelet effects of the addition of acetylsalicylic acid 40 mg daily to ticlopidine in human healthy volun- teers. Clin Appl Thromb Hemostas(abst) 1997;3:245-50.
Becquemin, JP Effect of ticlopidine on the long term patency of sap- henous vein bypass grafts in the legs: Etude de la Ticlopidine apres Pontage Femoro-Poplite and the Association Universitaire de Recherc- he en Chirurgie. N Engl J Med 1997;337:1726-31.
Leaker M, Massicotte MP, Brooker L, Thrombolytic therapy in pediatric patients: a comprehensive review of the literature. Thromb Haemost 1996;76:132-4.