BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Gıdalardaki Katkı Maddeleri ve Zararları; Çocukluk Hiperaktivitesi

Yıl 2006, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 42 - 48, 01.06.2006

Öz

Gıdalardaki katkı maddeleri denince, kendileri gıda maddesi olmadıkları halde gıdaların kalitesini arttırmak, kıvamını tutturmak, tadını ve rengini vermek, yapısını düzeltmek gibi işlevleri yanında onların hazırlanması sırasında da kolaylık ve iyileştirme sağlayan ve bu aşamadan sonra ise bozulmaları- na engel olup tezgâh ömürlerini uzatmak gibi birtakım teknolojik fonksiyonları olan maddeler anlaşılır.

Kaynakça

  • Miller M: Danger Additives at Work, London Food Commission, London 1985.
  • Cohen N, Weiss G, Minde K: Cognitive styles in adolescents previ- ously diagnosed as hyperactive. J Chilld Psychol Psychiatry 1972; 13:203-9.
  • Dickerson JWT: Diet and Hyperactivity. J Human Nutr 1980; 34:167-74.
  • Morrison A and Stewart B: Evidence for polygenic inheritance in the hyperactive child syndrome. Am J Psychiatry 1973; 132:791-2.
  • Silver LB: A proposed view on the etiology of the neurological le- arning disability syndrome. J Learning Disabilities 1971; 4:123-33.
  • Waldrop MF and Goering JD: Hyperactivity and minor physical anomalies in elementary school children. Am J Orthopsychiatry 1971; 41:602-7.
  • Pasamanick B and Knobloch H: Syndrome of minimal cerebral da- mage in infancy. JAMA 1959; 170:1384-7.
  • Wender PH: Minimal brain dysfunction syndrome in children. New York, Wiley, 1971.
  • Dwivedi K N , Banhatti R G: Attention Deficit/hyperactivity disorder and ethnicity. Arch Dis Child 2005; 90:10-2.
  • Conners CK: Food Additives and Hyperactive Children. Plenum Press, New York, 1980.
  • Werry J and Hawthorne D: Conners' teachers questionnaire: norms and validity. Aust & New Zealand J Psychiatry 1976; 10:257-62.
  • Taylor E, Sandberg S, Tharley G et al. The epidemiology of child- hood hyperactivity. Mauldsley Monography No 33. Oxford: Oxford University Pres, 1991.
  • Faraone S, Sergeant J, Gillberg JK et al. The worldwide prevalen- ce of ADHD: is it an American condition? World pyschiatry 2003; 2:104-13.
  • Holborow PL, Berry P, Elkins J: Prevalence of hyperkinesis: a com- parison of 3 rating scales. J Learn Disabilities 1984; 17:411-5.
  • Gingerich KJ, Turrack P, Liftin JK et al. Divercity and attention de- ficit hyperactivity disorder. J Clin psychol 1998; 54:415-26.
  • The Journal of The Hyperactive Children's Support Group, No:43, p. 16, Summer, 1992, No:45, s.15, 1993.
  • Minde K, Lewin D, Weiss G, et al: The hyperactive child in elemen- tary school; A five-year controlled follow-up. Except Child 1971; 38:215-21.
  • Bryce-Smith D: Environmental and chemical influences on behavi- our and mentation. (John Jeyes Lecture) Chem Soc Rev 1986; 15:93-123.
  • Blouin AGA, Bornstein RA, Trites RL: Teenage alcohol use among hyperactive children: A five year follow-up study. J Pediatr Psychology 1978; 3:188-94.
  • Menkes MM, Rowe J, Menkes j: A 25-year follow-up on the hype- ractive child with minimal brain dysfunction. Pediatrics 1967; 39:398-9.
  • Cohen N, Weiss G, Minde K: Cognitive styles in adolescents previ- ously diagnosed as hyperactive. J Chilld Psychol Psychiatry 1972; 13:203-9.
  • Feingold BF: Hyperkinesis and learning disabilities linked to the in- gestion of artificial food colors and flavors. J Learn Disabilities 1976; 9:19-27.
  • Feingold BF: Food Additives andHyperkinesis: Letter to the editor. J Learn Disabilities 1977; 10:64-6.
  • O'Shea JA and Porter SF: Double-blind study of children with hyperkinetic syndrome treated with multi-allergen extract subcli- nically. J Learning Dis 1981; 14:189-237.
  • Stare FJ, Whelan EM, Sheridan M. Diet and hyperactivity: Is there a relationship? Pediatrics 1980; 66:521-5.
  • David T C: Reaction to dietary tartrazine. Arch Dis Child 1987; 62:119-22.
  • Pollock I, Warner JO: Effect of artificial food collours on childho- od behaviour. Arch Dis Child 1990; 65:74-7.
  • Carter CM, Urbanowicz M, Hamsley R et al: Effects of a few food diet in attention deficit disorder. Arch Dis Child 1993; 69:564-8.
  • Rowe KS, Rowe KJ: Synthetic food colorings and behavior: a dose response effect in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, repeated measures study. J Pediatr 1994; 125:691-8.
  • Tuormaa T.E: The adverse effects of food additives on Health. Jo- urnal of Orthomolecular Medicine 1994; 9:225-43.
  • Bateman B, Warner JO, Hutchinson E, et al . The effects of doub- le blind, placebo controlled, artificial food calorings and benzoate preservative challenge on hyperactivity in a general population sample of preschool children. Arch Dis Child 2004; 89:506-11.
  • Eigenmann PA, Haenggeli CA. Food colourings and preservatives- allergy and hyperactivity. Lancet 2004; 364:823-4.
  • Stevenson J, Bateman B and Warner J O. Recoinder to Eigen- mann PA, Haenggeli CA. Food colourings and preservatives-al- lergy and hyperactivity. Lancet 2004; 364:823-4 and an erratum. Arch Dis Child 2005; 90:875.
  • Lau K, McLean G, Williams D P and Howard C.V: Synergistic inte- raction between commonly used food additives in a developmen- tal neurotoxicity test. Toxicol Sci 2006; 90:178-87.
  • Food Additives; colours, preservatives & enhancers. URL:http//www.Lactose.com.uk
  • Lockey SD: Allergic reactions due to FD & C yellow No. tartrazine, an aniline dye used as colouring agent and identifying agent in va- rious steroids. Ann Allergy 1959; 17:719-21.
  • Peterson MA, Biggs DF, Aaron TH: Comparison of the effects of aspirin, indomethacin and tartazine on dynamic pulmonary comp- liance and flow resistance in the guinea pig. Proc Western Phar- macology Society (Seattle) 1980; 23:121-4.
  • Weliky N and Heiner DC: Hypersensitivity to chemicals. Correlati- on to tartazine hypersensitivity with characteristic serum IgD and IgE immune response pattern. Clin Allergy 1980; 10:375-94.
  • Ward NI, Soulsbury KA, Zeittel VH, et al: The influence of the che- mical additive tartazine on the zinc status of hyperactive children - A double-blind placebo-controlled study. J Nutr Med 1990; 1:51-7.
  • Vendanthan PK, Menon MM, Bell TD, et al: Aspirin and tartrazine oral challenge: incidence of adverse response in chronic childho- od asthma. J Allergy and Clin Immunol 1977; 60:8-13.
  • Lafferman JA and Silbergeld EK: Erythrosin B inhibits dopamine transport in rat caudate synaptosomes. Science 1979; 205:410-2.
  • Mailman RB, Ferris RN, Tang FLM, et al: Erythrosine (Red No:3) and its nonspecific biochemical actions: what relation to behavi- oral changes? Science 1980; 207:535-7.
  • Shaywitz BA, Cohn DJ, Bowers MB: CSF monoamine metabolites in children with minimal brain dysfunction: evidence for alterations of brain dopamine. A preliminary report. J Pediatr 1977; 90:67-71.
  • Burgert SL, Andersen DW, Stegink LD et al: Metabolism of aspar- tame and its L-phenylalanine methyl ester decomposition product by the porcine gut. Metabolism 1991; 40:612-8.
  • Reif-Lehrer L: Possible significance of adverse reactions to gluta- mate in humans. Federation Proceedings 1976; 35:2205-11.
  • Werbach MR: Nutritional Influences on Mental Illness. Third Line Press, Inc, California,USA, pp 11-13, 1991
  • Volavka J, et al: Tryptophan treatment of aggressive psychiatric in- patients. Biol Psychiatry 1990; 28:728-32.
  • Blumenthal HJ, and Vance DA: Chewing gum headaches. Headac- he 1997; 37:665-6.
  • Drake ME: Panic attacks and excessive aspartame ingestion. Lan- cet 1986; 2,631.
  • Walton RG: Seizure and mania after high intake of aspartame. Psychosomatics 1986; 27:218220.
  • Olney JW, and Ho OL: Brain damage in infant mice following oral intake of glutamate, aspartate or cystein. Nature 1970; 227,609-11.
  • Kubo T, Kohira R, Okano T, and Ishikawa K: Neonatal glutamate can destroy the hippocampal CA1 structure and impair discrimina- tion learning in rats. Brain Res 1993; 616:311-4.
  • Olney JW, Sharpe LG, and Feigin RD: Glutamate-induced brain da- mage in infant primates. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1972; 31:464-88.
  • Ohguro H, Katsushima H, Maruyuma I, et al: A high dietary intake of sodium glutamate as flavoring causes gross changes in retina morphology and function. Exp Eye Res 2002; 75:307-15.
  • Schaumburg HH, Byck R, Gerstl R, and Mashman JH: Monosodi- um L-Glutamate: Its pharmacology and role in the Chinese resta- urant syndrome. Science 1969; 163: 826-8.
  • Goldman JA, et al: Behavioral effects of sucrose in preschool children. J Abnorm-Child Psychol 1986, 14:565-77.
  • Schauss AG: Nutrition and behavior: Complex interdisciplinary re- search. Nutrition and Health 1984; 3:9-37.
  • Bryce-Smith D: Environmental and chemical influences on behavi- our and mentation. (John Jeyes Lecture) Chem Soc Rev 1986; 15:93-123.
  • Schoenthaler S: Diet and crime: An empirical examination of the value of nutrition in the control and treatment of incarcerated ju- venile offenders. Int J Biosocial Res 1983, 4(1):25-39.
  • Schoenthaler S and Doraz W: Types of offences which can be re- duced in an institutional setting using nutritional intervention: A pre- liminary empirical evaluation. Int J Biosocial Res 1983; 4(2):74-84.
  • Schoenthaler S: The Los Angeles probation department dietbeha- vior program: An empirical evaluation of six institutions. Int J Bi- osocial Res 1983; 5(2):88-98.
  • Schoenthaler S: The Northern California diet-behavior program: An empirical examination of 3000 incarcerated juveniles in Stanis- laus Country juvenile hall. Int J Biosocial Res 1983; 5(2):99-106.
  • JECTA - Joint Expert Cornmittee on Food Additives of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation and the World Health Organisation. Environmental Health Criteria. 70, pp 46-65, Geneva, 1987
  • Conners CK, Goyette CH, Southwick MA, Lees JM, et al: Food ad- ditives and hyperkinesis: A double-blind experiment. Pediatrics 1976; 58:154-66.
  • Macioszek VK, and Kononowicz AK: The evaluation of the genoto- xicity of two commonly used food colors. Quinoline Yellow (E 104) and Brilliant Black (E 151). Cell Mol Biol Lett 2004; 9: 107-22.
  • Goyette CH, Conners CK, Petti TA et al: Effects of artificial food co- lors on hyperkinetic children: A double-blind challenge study. Psychopharmacology Bull 1978; 14:39-40.
  • Doyle W, et al: Nutritional status of schoolchildren in an inner city area. Arch Dis Childhood 1994; 70:376-81.
  • Lozoff B and Brittenham GH: Behavioral aspects of iron defici- ency. Prog Hematol 1986; 14:23-53.
  • Moynahan EJ: Zinc deficiency and disturbances of mood and vi- sual behavior. The Lancet 1976; 1:91.
  • Durlach J: Clinical aspects of chronic magnesium deficiency. In: Magnesium in Health, Ed; MS Seeling, Spectrum Publications, New York, 1980.
  • Fishbein D: The contribution of refined carbohydrate consumption to maladaptive behaviors. J Orthomolecular Psychiatry 1982; 11(1):1-4.
  • Thompson D and Pudney M: Mental Illness; The Fundamental Facts. Mental Health Foundation Publication, 1990
  • Gorman J: Mental Health Statistics, MIND Information Unit, De- cember, 1993
  • The London Food Commission; Food Adulteration and How to Be- at It. Unwin Paperbacks, 1988
  • Schoenthaler SJ, Doraz WE, Wakefield JA: The impact of a low additive and sucrose diet on academic performance in 803 New York City public schools. Int J Biosocial Res 1986; 8(2):138-48.
  • Safer D, Allen R, Barr E: Depression of growth in hyperactive children on stimulant drugs. New Engl J Med 1972; 287:217-20.
  • Boris M, and Mandel F. S: Food and additives are common causes of the attention deficit hyperacxtive disorder in children. Ann Al- lergy 1994; 72:462-8.
  • Millstone E: Advers reaction to food additives: The extent and severity of the problem. J Nut Environment Med 1997; 7(4):323-32.
Yıl 2006, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 42 - 48, 01.06.2006

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Miller M: Danger Additives at Work, London Food Commission, London 1985.
  • Cohen N, Weiss G, Minde K: Cognitive styles in adolescents previ- ously diagnosed as hyperactive. J Chilld Psychol Psychiatry 1972; 13:203-9.
  • Dickerson JWT: Diet and Hyperactivity. J Human Nutr 1980; 34:167-74.
  • Morrison A and Stewart B: Evidence for polygenic inheritance in the hyperactive child syndrome. Am J Psychiatry 1973; 132:791-2.
  • Silver LB: A proposed view on the etiology of the neurological le- arning disability syndrome. J Learning Disabilities 1971; 4:123-33.
  • Waldrop MF and Goering JD: Hyperactivity and minor physical anomalies in elementary school children. Am J Orthopsychiatry 1971; 41:602-7.
  • Pasamanick B and Knobloch H: Syndrome of minimal cerebral da- mage in infancy. JAMA 1959; 170:1384-7.
  • Wender PH: Minimal brain dysfunction syndrome in children. New York, Wiley, 1971.
  • Dwivedi K N , Banhatti R G: Attention Deficit/hyperactivity disorder and ethnicity. Arch Dis Child 2005; 90:10-2.
  • Conners CK: Food Additives and Hyperactive Children. Plenum Press, New York, 1980.
  • Werry J and Hawthorne D: Conners' teachers questionnaire: norms and validity. Aust & New Zealand J Psychiatry 1976; 10:257-62.
  • Taylor E, Sandberg S, Tharley G et al. The epidemiology of child- hood hyperactivity. Mauldsley Monography No 33. Oxford: Oxford University Pres, 1991.
  • Faraone S, Sergeant J, Gillberg JK et al. The worldwide prevalen- ce of ADHD: is it an American condition? World pyschiatry 2003; 2:104-13.
  • Holborow PL, Berry P, Elkins J: Prevalence of hyperkinesis: a com- parison of 3 rating scales. J Learn Disabilities 1984; 17:411-5.
  • Gingerich KJ, Turrack P, Liftin JK et al. Divercity and attention de- ficit hyperactivity disorder. J Clin psychol 1998; 54:415-26.
  • The Journal of The Hyperactive Children's Support Group, No:43, p. 16, Summer, 1992, No:45, s.15, 1993.
  • Minde K, Lewin D, Weiss G, et al: The hyperactive child in elemen- tary school; A five-year controlled follow-up. Except Child 1971; 38:215-21.
  • Bryce-Smith D: Environmental and chemical influences on behavi- our and mentation. (John Jeyes Lecture) Chem Soc Rev 1986; 15:93-123.
  • Blouin AGA, Bornstein RA, Trites RL: Teenage alcohol use among hyperactive children: A five year follow-up study. J Pediatr Psychology 1978; 3:188-94.
  • Menkes MM, Rowe J, Menkes j: A 25-year follow-up on the hype- ractive child with minimal brain dysfunction. Pediatrics 1967; 39:398-9.
  • Cohen N, Weiss G, Minde K: Cognitive styles in adolescents previ- ously diagnosed as hyperactive. J Chilld Psychol Psychiatry 1972; 13:203-9.
  • Feingold BF: Hyperkinesis and learning disabilities linked to the in- gestion of artificial food colors and flavors. J Learn Disabilities 1976; 9:19-27.
  • Feingold BF: Food Additives andHyperkinesis: Letter to the editor. J Learn Disabilities 1977; 10:64-6.
  • O'Shea JA and Porter SF: Double-blind study of children with hyperkinetic syndrome treated with multi-allergen extract subcli- nically. J Learning Dis 1981; 14:189-237.
  • Stare FJ, Whelan EM, Sheridan M. Diet and hyperactivity: Is there a relationship? Pediatrics 1980; 66:521-5.
  • David T C: Reaction to dietary tartrazine. Arch Dis Child 1987; 62:119-22.
  • Pollock I, Warner JO: Effect of artificial food collours on childho- od behaviour. Arch Dis Child 1990; 65:74-7.
  • Carter CM, Urbanowicz M, Hamsley R et al: Effects of a few food diet in attention deficit disorder. Arch Dis Child 1993; 69:564-8.
  • Rowe KS, Rowe KJ: Synthetic food colorings and behavior: a dose response effect in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, repeated measures study. J Pediatr 1994; 125:691-8.
  • Tuormaa T.E: The adverse effects of food additives on Health. Jo- urnal of Orthomolecular Medicine 1994; 9:225-43.
  • Bateman B, Warner JO, Hutchinson E, et al . The effects of doub- le blind, placebo controlled, artificial food calorings and benzoate preservative challenge on hyperactivity in a general population sample of preschool children. Arch Dis Child 2004; 89:506-11.
  • Eigenmann PA, Haenggeli CA. Food colourings and preservatives- allergy and hyperactivity. Lancet 2004; 364:823-4.
  • Stevenson J, Bateman B and Warner J O. Recoinder to Eigen- mann PA, Haenggeli CA. Food colourings and preservatives-al- lergy and hyperactivity. Lancet 2004; 364:823-4 and an erratum. Arch Dis Child 2005; 90:875.
  • Lau K, McLean G, Williams D P and Howard C.V: Synergistic inte- raction between commonly used food additives in a developmen- tal neurotoxicity test. Toxicol Sci 2006; 90:178-87.
  • Food Additives; colours, preservatives & enhancers. URL:http//www.Lactose.com.uk
  • Lockey SD: Allergic reactions due to FD & C yellow No. tartrazine, an aniline dye used as colouring agent and identifying agent in va- rious steroids. Ann Allergy 1959; 17:719-21.
  • Peterson MA, Biggs DF, Aaron TH: Comparison of the effects of aspirin, indomethacin and tartazine on dynamic pulmonary comp- liance and flow resistance in the guinea pig. Proc Western Phar- macology Society (Seattle) 1980; 23:121-4.
  • Weliky N and Heiner DC: Hypersensitivity to chemicals. Correlati- on to tartazine hypersensitivity with characteristic serum IgD and IgE immune response pattern. Clin Allergy 1980; 10:375-94.
  • Ward NI, Soulsbury KA, Zeittel VH, et al: The influence of the che- mical additive tartazine on the zinc status of hyperactive children - A double-blind placebo-controlled study. J Nutr Med 1990; 1:51-7.
  • Vendanthan PK, Menon MM, Bell TD, et al: Aspirin and tartrazine oral challenge: incidence of adverse response in chronic childho- od asthma. J Allergy and Clin Immunol 1977; 60:8-13.
  • Lafferman JA and Silbergeld EK: Erythrosin B inhibits dopamine transport in rat caudate synaptosomes. Science 1979; 205:410-2.
  • Mailman RB, Ferris RN, Tang FLM, et al: Erythrosine (Red No:3) and its nonspecific biochemical actions: what relation to behavi- oral changes? Science 1980; 207:535-7.
  • Shaywitz BA, Cohn DJ, Bowers MB: CSF monoamine metabolites in children with minimal brain dysfunction: evidence for alterations of brain dopamine. A preliminary report. J Pediatr 1977; 90:67-71.
  • Burgert SL, Andersen DW, Stegink LD et al: Metabolism of aspar- tame and its L-phenylalanine methyl ester decomposition product by the porcine gut. Metabolism 1991; 40:612-8.
  • Reif-Lehrer L: Possible significance of adverse reactions to gluta- mate in humans. Federation Proceedings 1976; 35:2205-11.
  • Werbach MR: Nutritional Influences on Mental Illness. Third Line Press, Inc, California,USA, pp 11-13, 1991
  • Volavka J, et al: Tryptophan treatment of aggressive psychiatric in- patients. Biol Psychiatry 1990; 28:728-32.
  • Blumenthal HJ, and Vance DA: Chewing gum headaches. Headac- he 1997; 37:665-6.
  • Drake ME: Panic attacks and excessive aspartame ingestion. Lan- cet 1986; 2,631.
  • Walton RG: Seizure and mania after high intake of aspartame. Psychosomatics 1986; 27:218220.
  • Olney JW, and Ho OL: Brain damage in infant mice following oral intake of glutamate, aspartate or cystein. Nature 1970; 227,609-11.
  • Kubo T, Kohira R, Okano T, and Ishikawa K: Neonatal glutamate can destroy the hippocampal CA1 structure and impair discrimina- tion learning in rats. Brain Res 1993; 616:311-4.
  • Olney JW, Sharpe LG, and Feigin RD: Glutamate-induced brain da- mage in infant primates. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 1972; 31:464-88.
  • Ohguro H, Katsushima H, Maruyuma I, et al: A high dietary intake of sodium glutamate as flavoring causes gross changes in retina morphology and function. Exp Eye Res 2002; 75:307-15.
  • Schaumburg HH, Byck R, Gerstl R, and Mashman JH: Monosodi- um L-Glutamate: Its pharmacology and role in the Chinese resta- urant syndrome. Science 1969; 163: 826-8.
  • Goldman JA, et al: Behavioral effects of sucrose in preschool children. J Abnorm-Child Psychol 1986, 14:565-77.
  • Schauss AG: Nutrition and behavior: Complex interdisciplinary re- search. Nutrition and Health 1984; 3:9-37.
  • Bryce-Smith D: Environmental and chemical influences on behavi- our and mentation. (John Jeyes Lecture) Chem Soc Rev 1986; 15:93-123.
  • Schoenthaler S: Diet and crime: An empirical examination of the value of nutrition in the control and treatment of incarcerated ju- venile offenders. Int J Biosocial Res 1983, 4(1):25-39.
  • Schoenthaler S and Doraz W: Types of offences which can be re- duced in an institutional setting using nutritional intervention: A pre- liminary empirical evaluation. Int J Biosocial Res 1983; 4(2):74-84.
  • Schoenthaler S: The Los Angeles probation department dietbeha- vior program: An empirical evaluation of six institutions. Int J Bi- osocial Res 1983; 5(2):88-98.
  • Schoenthaler S: The Northern California diet-behavior program: An empirical examination of 3000 incarcerated juveniles in Stanis- laus Country juvenile hall. Int J Biosocial Res 1983; 5(2):99-106.
  • JECTA - Joint Expert Cornmittee on Food Additives of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation and the World Health Organisation. Environmental Health Criteria. 70, pp 46-65, Geneva, 1987
  • Conners CK, Goyette CH, Southwick MA, Lees JM, et al: Food ad- ditives and hyperkinesis: A double-blind experiment. Pediatrics 1976; 58:154-66.
  • Macioszek VK, and Kononowicz AK: The evaluation of the genoto- xicity of two commonly used food colors. Quinoline Yellow (E 104) and Brilliant Black (E 151). Cell Mol Biol Lett 2004; 9: 107-22.
  • Goyette CH, Conners CK, Petti TA et al: Effects of artificial food co- lors on hyperkinetic children: A double-blind challenge study. Psychopharmacology Bull 1978; 14:39-40.
  • Doyle W, et al: Nutritional status of schoolchildren in an inner city area. Arch Dis Childhood 1994; 70:376-81.
  • Lozoff B and Brittenham GH: Behavioral aspects of iron defici- ency. Prog Hematol 1986; 14:23-53.
  • Moynahan EJ: Zinc deficiency and disturbances of mood and vi- sual behavior. The Lancet 1976; 1:91.
  • Durlach J: Clinical aspects of chronic magnesium deficiency. In: Magnesium in Health, Ed; MS Seeling, Spectrum Publications, New York, 1980.
  • Fishbein D: The contribution of refined carbohydrate consumption to maladaptive behaviors. J Orthomolecular Psychiatry 1982; 11(1):1-4.
  • Thompson D and Pudney M: Mental Illness; The Fundamental Facts. Mental Health Foundation Publication, 1990
  • Gorman J: Mental Health Statistics, MIND Information Unit, De- cember, 1993
  • The London Food Commission; Food Adulteration and How to Be- at It. Unwin Paperbacks, 1988
  • Schoenthaler SJ, Doraz WE, Wakefield JA: The impact of a low additive and sucrose diet on academic performance in 803 New York City public schools. Int J Biosocial Res 1986; 8(2):138-48.
  • Safer D, Allen R, Barr E: Depression of growth in hyperactive children on stimulant drugs. New Engl J Med 1972; 287:217-20.
  • Boris M, and Mandel F. S: Food and additives are common causes of the attention deficit hyperacxtive disorder in children. Ann Al- lergy 1994; 72:462-8.
  • Millstone E: Advers reaction to food additives: The extent and severity of the problem. J Nut Environment Med 1997; 7(4):323-32.
Toplam 78 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Collection
Yazarlar

Hasan Doğruyol

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Haziran 2006
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2006 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Doğruyol, H. (2006). Gıdalardaki Katkı Maddeleri ve Zararları; Çocukluk Hiperaktivitesi. Güncel Pediatri, 4(2), 42-48.
AMA Doğruyol H. Gıdalardaki Katkı Maddeleri ve Zararları; Çocukluk Hiperaktivitesi. Güncel Pediatri. Haziran 2006;4(2):42-48.
Chicago Doğruyol, Hasan. “Gıdalardaki Katkı Maddeleri Ve Zararları; Çocukluk Hiperaktivitesi”. Güncel Pediatri 4, sy. 2 (Haziran 2006): 42-48.
EndNote Doğruyol H (01 Haziran 2006) Gıdalardaki Katkı Maddeleri ve Zararları; Çocukluk Hiperaktivitesi. Güncel Pediatri 4 2 42–48.
IEEE H. Doğruyol, “Gıdalardaki Katkı Maddeleri ve Zararları; Çocukluk Hiperaktivitesi”, Güncel Pediatri, c. 4, sy. 2, ss. 42–48, 2006.
ISNAD Doğruyol, Hasan. “Gıdalardaki Katkı Maddeleri Ve Zararları; Çocukluk Hiperaktivitesi”. Güncel Pediatri 4/2 (Haziran 2006), 42-48.
JAMA Doğruyol H. Gıdalardaki Katkı Maddeleri ve Zararları; Çocukluk Hiperaktivitesi. Güncel Pediatri. 2006;4:42–48.
MLA Doğruyol, Hasan. “Gıdalardaki Katkı Maddeleri Ve Zararları; Çocukluk Hiperaktivitesi”. Güncel Pediatri, c. 4, sy. 2, 2006, ss. 42-48.
Vancouver Doğruyol H. Gıdalardaki Katkı Maddeleri ve Zararları; Çocukluk Hiperaktivitesi. Güncel Pediatri. 2006;4(2):42-8.