Maternal Obezitenin Preterm Bebeklerin Morbidite ve Mortalitesine Etkisi

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 1, 121 - 126, 09.04.2021

Esra Beşer , Hayriye Gözde Kanmaz Kutman Gülsüm Kadıoğlu Şimşek Esin Okman , Burak Ceran , Fuat Emre Canpolat

Öz

Giriş: Obezite günümüzde gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerin en önemli sağlık sorunları arasında yer almaktadır. Literatürde maternal obezitenin,
prematüre bebekler üzerindeki etkisine ilişkin veriler sınırlıdır. Bu çalışmada maternal obezitenin preterm bebeklerin morbidite ve mortalitesi üzerine etkisinin
araştırılması amaçlandı.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Gestasyon haftası ≤34 olan bebeklerin dosyaları retrospektif olarak incelendi. Doğum sırasındaki maternal vücut kitle indeksine(VKİ) göre anne-bebek çiftleri iki gruba (VKİ≥30kg/m2 ve VKİ<30kg/m2) ayrılarak karşılaştırıldı.

Bulgular: Toplam 100 anne-bebek çiftinin verileri analiz edildi. Doğum sırasında VKİ≥30 kg/m2 olan n=33 (%33) anne saptandı ve Grup 1 olarak tanımlandı.
VKİ<30 kg/m2 olanlar Grup 2 olarak tanımlandı. Grup 1 ve 2’de ortalama gebelik yaşı sırasıyla 29,89±2,98ve 30,36±2,79 (p=0,682) hafta ve doğum ağırlıkları
1368±512 ve 1475±515 (p=0,331) gram idi. Grup 1’de mortalite anlamlı olarak yüksek bulundu (%30,3, p=0,009). Diğer preterm morbiditeleri her iki grupta
benzer oranlardaydı. Regresyon analizinde maternal VKİ≥30 kg/m2 olması neonatal mortalite için bağımsız risk faktörü olarak saptandı (OR 4,5, %95CI 1,4-
14,5, p=0,01).

Sonuç: Önemli bir sağlık sorunu olan obezitenin; prematüre bebeklerde önlenebilir mortalite sebebi olması dikkat çekicidir. Yakın perinatal takibin bu sürece olumlu
etkisinin olacağını düşünmekteyiz.

Anahtar Kelimeler

mortalite,, Maternal obezite,, prematürite,, vücut kitle indeksi

Impact of Maternal Obesity on Morbidity and Mortality of Preterm Babies

Öz

Introduction: Obesity is among the most important health problems facing
developed and developing countries today. Data are scarce regarding the impact of
maternal obesity on preterm infants. This study aimed to investigate the effect of
maternal obesity on morbidity and mortality in preterm infants.
Materials and Methods: The records of infants born at ≤34 weeks of gestation
were analyzed retrospectively. Mother/infant pairs were grouped according to
the mother’s prepartum body mass index (BMI≥30kg/m2 and <30kg/m2) for
comparison.
Results: Data from a total of 100 mother/infant pairs were analyzed. Prepartum
BMI was ≥30kg/m2 in 33 (33%) of the mothers and defined as group 1. Those
with a BMI<30kg/m2 were defined as Group 2. Mean gestational age in group 1
and 2 was 29.89±2.98 and 30.36±2.79 weeks (p=0.682) and mean birth weight
was 1368±512 and 1475±515g (p=0.331), respectively. Mortality was found to
be significantly higher in group 1(30.3%; p=0.009). Other preterm morbidities
occured at similar rates in both groups. In regression analysis, maternal BMI≥30kg/
m2 was found to be an independent risk factor for neonatal mortality (odds ratio
4.5,95%CI 1.4-14.5;p=0.01).
Conclusions: Obesity is a major health problem and is notable as a preventable cause of mortality in preterm infants.We believe
that close perinatal follow-up may help mitigate this risk.

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