Sermaye Yapısının Finansal Sürdürülebilirliğe Etkisi: Borsa İstanbul’da Bir Uygulama
Yıl 2025,
Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 447 - 459, 20.06.2025
Metehan Kurt
,
İlker Sakınç
Öz
Bu çalışmanın amacı, Borsa İstanbul (BİST) İmalat Sanayi'nde faaliyet gösteren şirketlerin sermaye yapılarının finansal sürdürülebilirlik üzerindeki etkilerini analiz etmektir. Çalışma, imalat sektöründeki şirketlerin sürdürülebilir büyüme oranı (SGR) ve içsel büyüme oranı (IGR) ile sermaye yapıları arasındaki ilişkiyi ele almaktadır. Araştırma verisi, 2010-2021 döneminde halka açık olan 113 imalat sanayi firmasına ait finansal göstergelerden oluşmaktadır. Çalışmada dinamik panel veri analizi yöntemi olan GMM (Genelleştirilmiş Momentler Metodu) kullanılmıştır. Bulgular, yüksek borç oranlarının firmaların SGR ve IGR üzerindeki etkisinin negatif olduğunu ifade etmektedir. Diğer bir deyişle, borçlanmanın uzun vadeli büyüme performansını sınırladığını göstermektedir. Ayrıca, büyük ölçekli firmaların ölçek ekonomileri sayesinde sürdürülebilir büyüme oranlarını daha yüksek seviyelerde koruyabildiği bulunmuştur. Firmanın yaşı ile büyüme performansı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki saptanamamıştır. Çalışma, imalat sektörü firmaları için optimal sermaye yapısının belirlenmesinde politika yapıcılar ile firma yöneticilerine yol gösterici olma potansiyeli taşımaktadır. Bu çerçevede, borç ve özkaynak arasındaki stratejik dengeleme kararlarının uzun vadeli büyümeyi destekleyecek şekilde yapılması gerektiği önerilmektedir.
Destekleyen Kurum
Tübitak
Proje Numarası
1919B012307572
Teşekkür
Bu çalışma, TÜBİTAK 2209-A Üniversite Öğrencileri Araştırma Projeleri Destekleme Programı kapsamında desteklenmiştir. Desteklerinden dolayı Tübitak kurumuna teşekkürlerimizi sunarız.
Kaynakça
-
Amouzesh, N., Zahra, M., & Zahra, M. (2011),"Sustainable growth rate and firm performance: Evidence from ıran stock exchange", International Journal of Business and Social Science, 23(2), 249–255.
-
Arellano, M., & Bover, O. (1995). Another look at the instrumental variable estimation of error-components models. Journal of Econometrics, 68(1), 29-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(94)01642-D
-
Aswad, M. A. M., & Haryono, S. (2023). The influence of firm characteristics and capital structure on sustainable growth rate: Moderating effect of industry sector. Petra International Journal of Business Studies, 6(1), 62-69.
-
Bivona, E. (2000). How to define a profitable and sustainable growth policy in a changing market: A case study: A Small Publishing Company, Proceedings of the 18th International Conference of the System Dynamics Society. Bengen, Norway (pp. 1-20).
-
Blundell, R., & Bond, S. (1998). Initial conditions and moment restrictions in dynamic panel data models. Journal of Econometrics, 87(1), 115-143. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4076(98)00009-8
-
Boshnak, H. (2023). The impact of capital structure on firm performance: evidence from Saudi-listed firms. International Journal of Disclosure and Governance, 20(1), 15-26.
-
Chen, J. J. (2004). Determinants of capital structure of Chinese-listed companies. Journal of Business research, 57(12), 1341-1351.
-
El Madbouly, D. (2022). Factors affecting the sustainable growth rate and its impact on firm value: Empirical evidence from the Egyptian stock exchange. The Journal of Accounting and Auditing of the Association of Arab Universities, 11(1), 1-40.
-
Fonseka, M. M., Ramos, C. G., & Tian, G. L. (2012). The most appropriate sustainable growth rate model for managers and researchers. Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR), 28(3), 481-500.
-
Frank, M. Z., & Goyal, V. K. (2009). Capital structure decisions: Which factors are reliably important? Financial Management, 38(1), 1-37.
-
Ghardallou, W. (2023). Do women in top management enhance firm financial sustainability? Evidence from a large sample of emerging cconomies. Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research (JSIR), 82(10), 1100-1108.
-
Gofman, M. (2017). Efficiency and stability of a financial architecture with too-interconnected-to-fail institutions. Journal of Financial Economics, 124(1), 113-146.
-
Greene, W. H. (2003). Econometric Analysis (5th ed.). Singapore: Pearson Education Inc.
-
Gülener, N., Korkmaz, T., & Yaman, S. (2023). İşletmelerde sürdürülebilir büyüme politikalarının içsel belirleyicileri: Borsa İstanbul’da bir uygulama. JOEEP: Journal of Emerging Economies and Policy, 8(2), 480-497.
-
Higgins, R. C. (1977). How much growth can a firm afford?. Financial management, 6(3), 7-16.
-
İskenderoğlu, Ö., Ayyıldız, N., & Suleımenova, M. (2020). Kamusal, özel ve yabancı sermayeli bankalarda büyüme oranlarının karşılaştırmalı analizi. İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, 9(3), 3034-3049.
-
Johnson, R., & Soenen, L. (2003). Indicators of successful companies. European management journal, 21(3), 364-369.
-
Myers, S. C. (1984). The capital structure puzzle. The Journal of Finance, 39(3), 575-592.
-
Osazefua Imhanzenobe, J. (2020). Managers’ financial practices and financial sustainability of Nigerian manufacturing companies: Which ratios matter most?. Cogent Economics & Finance, 8(1), 1724241.
-
Patel, N. M., & Bhatt, V. (2013). Capital structure and profitability: Case of national stock exchange. Indian Journal of Applied Research, 3(4), 276-260.
-
Qaim, S., BushraZulfiqar, D., Akmal Shahzad, D., & Salahuddin, T. (2021). Financial sustainability and firm performance impact on stock prices: An evidence from an emerging economy. Elementary Education Online, 20(2), 572-577.
-
Sørensen, J. B., & Stuart, T. E. (2000). Aging, obsolescence, and organizational innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 45(1), 81-112.
-
Stiglitz, J. E. (1969). A re-examination of the Modigliani-Miller theorem. The American Economic Review, 59(5), 784-793.
-
Şahin, A. (2020). Sürdürülebilir büyüme oranına göre hızlı ve yavaş büyüyen firmalarda finansal kaldıraç etkisi: iso 1000 üzerine bir inceleme. Ekonomi Politika ve Finans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 5(3), 620-642.
-
Şahin, A., & Ergün, B. (2018). Finansal sürdürülebilir büyüme oranı ve finansal oranlar: Borsa İstanbul imalat sanayi üzerinde bir araştırma. İşletme Araştırma Dergisi, 10(1), 172-197.
-
Teece, D. J., Pisano, G., & Shuen, A. (1997). Dynamic capabilities and strategic management. Strategic Management Journal, 18(7), 509-533.
-
Tibor, T., Edina, K., & Laurentiu, D. (2015). Risk and growth analysis of small and medium size enterprises between 2010 and 2012. Procedia Economics and Finance, 32, 1323-1331.
-
Utami, D., Muthia, F., & Thamrin, K. H. (2018). Sustainable growth: grow and broke empirical study on manufacturing sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. KnE Social Sciences. 3, 820–834.
-
Van Horne, J.C. (1987). Sustainable growth modeling. Journal of Corporate Finance, 2(3), 19-26.
-
Wu, N., Zhao, J., Musah, M., Ma, Z., Zhang, L., Zhou, Y., ... & Li, K. (2023). Do liquidity and capital structure predict firms’ financial sustainability? A panel data analysis on Quoted non-financial establishments in Ghana. Sustainability, 15(3), 2240.
-
Yaman, S., & Gür, K. E. (2023). Finansal risklerin sürdürülebilir büyüme ve karlılık üzerindeki etkileri: BİST100 endeksi firmaları üzerine bir uygulama. Uluslararası Ekonomi Siyaset İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(2), 64-88.
-
Zabolotnyy, S., & Wasilewski, M. (2019). The concept of financial sustainability measurement: A case of food companies from Northern Europe. Sustainability, 11(18), 5139.
The Impact of Capital Structure on Financial Sustainability: An Empirical Analysis within Borsa Istanbul
Yıl 2025,
Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 447 - 459, 20.06.2025
Metehan Kurt
,
İlker Sakınç
Öz
This study aims to evaluate the impact of capital structure on the financial sustainability of firms within the Manufacturing Sector of Borsa Istanbul (BIST). It investigates the relationship between firms' capital structures and their sustainable growth rate (SGR) and internal growth rate (IGR). The research dataset comprises financial indicators from 113 publicly traded manufacturing firms covering the period from 2010 to 2021, utilizing the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) in dynamic panel data analysis. Findings indicate that high debt ratios negatively impact SGR and IGR, suggesting that debt limits long-term growth performance. Additionally, large firms sustain higher growth rates due to economies of scale, while no statistically significant relationship was found between firm age and growth performance. The study offers guidance for policymakers and firm managers in identifying an optimal capital structure for manufacturing firms, recommending a strategic balance between debt and equity to support long-term growth.
Proje Numarası
1919B012307572
Kaynakça
-
Amouzesh, N., Zahra, M., & Zahra, M. (2011),"Sustainable growth rate and firm performance: Evidence from ıran stock exchange", International Journal of Business and Social Science, 23(2), 249–255.
-
Arellano, M., & Bover, O. (1995). Another look at the instrumental variable estimation of error-components models. Journal of Econometrics, 68(1), 29-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4076(94)01642-D
-
Aswad, M. A. M., & Haryono, S. (2023). The influence of firm characteristics and capital structure on sustainable growth rate: Moderating effect of industry sector. Petra International Journal of Business Studies, 6(1), 62-69.
-
Bivona, E. (2000). How to define a profitable and sustainable growth policy in a changing market: A case study: A Small Publishing Company, Proceedings of the 18th International Conference of the System Dynamics Society. Bengen, Norway (pp. 1-20).
-
Blundell, R., & Bond, S. (1998). Initial conditions and moment restrictions in dynamic panel data models. Journal of Econometrics, 87(1), 115-143. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4076(98)00009-8
-
Boshnak, H. (2023). The impact of capital structure on firm performance: evidence from Saudi-listed firms. International Journal of Disclosure and Governance, 20(1), 15-26.
-
Chen, J. J. (2004). Determinants of capital structure of Chinese-listed companies. Journal of Business research, 57(12), 1341-1351.
-
El Madbouly, D. (2022). Factors affecting the sustainable growth rate and its impact on firm value: Empirical evidence from the Egyptian stock exchange. The Journal of Accounting and Auditing of the Association of Arab Universities, 11(1), 1-40.
-
Fonseka, M. M., Ramos, C. G., & Tian, G. L. (2012). The most appropriate sustainable growth rate model for managers and researchers. Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR), 28(3), 481-500.
-
Frank, M. Z., & Goyal, V. K. (2009). Capital structure decisions: Which factors are reliably important? Financial Management, 38(1), 1-37.
-
Ghardallou, W. (2023). Do women in top management enhance firm financial sustainability? Evidence from a large sample of emerging cconomies. Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research (JSIR), 82(10), 1100-1108.
-
Gofman, M. (2017). Efficiency and stability of a financial architecture with too-interconnected-to-fail institutions. Journal of Financial Economics, 124(1), 113-146.
-
Greene, W. H. (2003). Econometric Analysis (5th ed.). Singapore: Pearson Education Inc.
-
Gülener, N., Korkmaz, T., & Yaman, S. (2023). İşletmelerde sürdürülebilir büyüme politikalarının içsel belirleyicileri: Borsa İstanbul’da bir uygulama. JOEEP: Journal of Emerging Economies and Policy, 8(2), 480-497.
-
Higgins, R. C. (1977). How much growth can a firm afford?. Financial management, 6(3), 7-16.
-
İskenderoğlu, Ö., Ayyıldız, N., & Suleımenova, M. (2020). Kamusal, özel ve yabancı sermayeli bankalarda büyüme oranlarının karşılaştırmalı analizi. İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi, 9(3), 3034-3049.
-
Johnson, R., & Soenen, L. (2003). Indicators of successful companies. European management journal, 21(3), 364-369.
-
Myers, S. C. (1984). The capital structure puzzle. The Journal of Finance, 39(3), 575-592.
-
Osazefua Imhanzenobe, J. (2020). Managers’ financial practices and financial sustainability of Nigerian manufacturing companies: Which ratios matter most?. Cogent Economics & Finance, 8(1), 1724241.
-
Patel, N. M., & Bhatt, V. (2013). Capital structure and profitability: Case of national stock exchange. Indian Journal of Applied Research, 3(4), 276-260.
-
Qaim, S., BushraZulfiqar, D., Akmal Shahzad, D., & Salahuddin, T. (2021). Financial sustainability and firm performance impact on stock prices: An evidence from an emerging economy. Elementary Education Online, 20(2), 572-577.
-
Sørensen, J. B., & Stuart, T. E. (2000). Aging, obsolescence, and organizational innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 45(1), 81-112.
-
Stiglitz, J. E. (1969). A re-examination of the Modigliani-Miller theorem. The American Economic Review, 59(5), 784-793.
-
Şahin, A. (2020). Sürdürülebilir büyüme oranına göre hızlı ve yavaş büyüyen firmalarda finansal kaldıraç etkisi: iso 1000 üzerine bir inceleme. Ekonomi Politika ve Finans Araştırmaları Dergisi, 5(3), 620-642.
-
Şahin, A., & Ergün, B. (2018). Finansal sürdürülebilir büyüme oranı ve finansal oranlar: Borsa İstanbul imalat sanayi üzerinde bir araştırma. İşletme Araştırma Dergisi, 10(1), 172-197.
-
Teece, D. J., Pisano, G., & Shuen, A. (1997). Dynamic capabilities and strategic management. Strategic Management Journal, 18(7), 509-533.
-
Tibor, T., Edina, K., & Laurentiu, D. (2015). Risk and growth analysis of small and medium size enterprises between 2010 and 2012. Procedia Economics and Finance, 32, 1323-1331.
-
Utami, D., Muthia, F., & Thamrin, K. H. (2018). Sustainable growth: grow and broke empirical study on manufacturing sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. KnE Social Sciences. 3, 820–834.
-
Van Horne, J.C. (1987). Sustainable growth modeling. Journal of Corporate Finance, 2(3), 19-26.
-
Wu, N., Zhao, J., Musah, M., Ma, Z., Zhang, L., Zhou, Y., ... & Li, K. (2023). Do liquidity and capital structure predict firms’ financial sustainability? A panel data analysis on Quoted non-financial establishments in Ghana. Sustainability, 15(3), 2240.
-
Yaman, S., & Gür, K. E. (2023). Finansal risklerin sürdürülebilir büyüme ve karlılık üzerindeki etkileri: BİST100 endeksi firmaları üzerine bir uygulama. Uluslararası Ekonomi Siyaset İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(2), 64-88.
-
Zabolotnyy, S., & Wasilewski, M. (2019). The concept of financial sustainability measurement: A case of food companies from Northern Europe. Sustainability, 11(18), 5139.