G20 Ülkelerinde Yeniliklerin Finansal Tabana Yayılma Üzerindeki Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, G20 ülkelerinde yeniliklerin finansal tabana yayılma üzerindeki etkisinin 2004-2022 dönemi için incelenmesidir. Bu kapsamda finansal tabana yayılmanın göstergesi olarak farklı göstergelerden oluşan bir endeks oluşturularak G20 ülkelerindeki yeniliklerin etkisi incelenmiştir. Çalışmada bağımlı değişkeni oluşturan finansal tabana yayılma, finansal kapsayıcılık endeksi ile ifade edilirken, bağımsız değişkeni oluşturan yenilikler ise patent sayısı ile temsil edilmiştir. Enflasyon, nüfus artışı, internet kullanıcı sayısı ve ekonomik karmaşıklık ise kontrol değişkenleri olarak araştırma modeline eklenmiştir. Finansal tabana yayılmaya etki eden faktörlerin tespit edilebilmesi için oluşturulan model, sabit etkiler modeli ile analiz edilerek en küçük kareler yöntemi ile tahmin edilmiştir. Analiz neticesinde, yeniliklerin finansal tabana yayılmayı artırdığına yönelik bulgulara ulaşılmıştır. Ulaşılan diğer bulgular, enflasyonun, finansal tabana yayılma üzerindeki etkisinin negatif olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca ekonomik karmaşıklık, nüfus artış oranı ve internet kullanıcı sayısındaki artışların G20 ülkelerinde finansal tabana yayılmanın artırılmasında etkili bir politika aracı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yeniliklerin, finansal kapsayıcılık göstergeleri üzerindeki olumlu etkileri dikkate alınarak G20 ülkelerinde patent sayısının artırılmasına bunun yanı sıra, bilgiye dayalı üretkenlik kapasitesinin geliştirilmesine ve enflasyonun düşürülmesine yönelik politikaların yürütülmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Finansal Tabana Yayılma
• Yenilik
• Ekonomik Karmaşıklık
• Enflasyon

Examining The Impact of Innovations On Financial Inclusion In G20 Countries

Öz

This study aims to analyze the impact of innovations on financial inclusion in G20 countries for the period 2004-2022. In this context, an index consisting of different indicators is created as an indicator of financial inclusion, and the impact of innovations in G20 countries is analyzed. Financial inclusion, which constitutes the dependent variable in the study, is expressed by the financial inclusion index, while innovations, which constitute the independent variable, are represented by the number of patents. Inflation, population growth, number of internet users, and economic complexity are added to the research model as control variables. The model created to determine the factors affecting financial inclusion was analyzed with the fixed effects model and estimated using the least squares method. The analysis reveals that innovations increase financial inclusion. Other findings show that the effect of inflation on financial inclusion is negative. Moreover, increases in economic complexity, population growth rate, and the number of internet users are found to be effective policy instruments in increasing financial inclusion in G20 countries. Considering the positive effects of innovations on financial inclusion indicators, it is recommended that policies should be implemented to increase the number of patents in G20 countries, as well as to improve knowledge-based productivity capacity and reduce inflation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Financial Inclusion
• Innovation
• Economic Complexity
• Inflation

Kaynakça

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