Türkiye’de Birden Fazla İşte Çalışma Motivasyonu: Cinsiyet Farklılığının İncelenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de birden fazla işte çalışma motivasyonu açısından kadınlar ve erkekler arasındaki farklılıkların belirlenmesini amaçlamaktadır. Analizlerde 2021-2024 TÜİK İşgücü İstatistikleri Mikro Veri Seti yıllar itibariyle birleştirilerek kullanılmıştır. Probit modeli ile 15-64 yaş arasında ücretli olarak istihdam edilen kadınlar ve erkekler için ayrı ayrı tahminler yapılmıştır. Her iki grup için birinci işte çalışılan saatin fazla olmasının, zaman kısıtı nedeniyle, bireylerin birden fazla bir işte çalışma tercihlerini olumsuz etkilediği görülmüştür. Benzer şekilde her iki grupta, birinci işte alınan ücret artıkça, birden fazla işte çalışma olasılığı azalmaktadır. Bu durum, finansal nedenlerin, birden fazla işte çalışma olasılığı üzerinde etkili olduğunun göstergesi olarak değerlendirilebilmektedir. Kadınların evli olması veya hanede okul öncesi yaştaki çocukların varlığı, kadınların aile içi sorumluluklarını arttırmaktadır. Bu durum kadınların birden fazla işte çalışma tercihlerini olumsuz etkileyebilmektedir. Erkekler açısından ise, evli olmak veya birinci işinde geçici statüde çalışmak, birden fazla işte çalışma olasılığını arttırmaktadır. Bu şekilde erkekler hem ailenin finansal ihtiyaçlarını karşılayabilmekte hem de gelecekteki gelir dalgalanmalarına karşı kendilerini güvence altına alabilmektedirler.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Birden fazla işte çalışma
• Cinsiyet
• Türkiye
• Probit model

Motivation of Holding Multiple Jobs in Türkiye: An Examination of Gender Differences

Öz

This study aims to examine gender differences between men and women in multiple job holding motivation in Türkiye. In the analysis, the Labor Force Statistics Micro Data Set between 2021 and 2024, which was collected by the TURKSTAT, was merged and used. Different estimations were conducted by the probit model for men and women employed between 15 and 64 years old, wage-employed. For both women and men, if the working hours in the main job are high, due to time constraints, it is observed that the choice of multiple job holding is affected negatively. Similarly, when wages are increased in the main job, the probability of holding multiple jobs decreases. According to this, it is evaluated that financial reasons can affect the likelihood of multiple job holding. When women are married or have children, pre-school age, their responsibilities at home increase. Thus, their choices in working multiple jobs can be affected negatively. For men, being married or working temporarily in their main job increases the likelihood of holding multiple jobs. In this way, men can not only satisfy the family's financial needs but also ensure themselves against future income fluctuations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Multiple Job Holding
• Gender
• Türkiye
• Probit Model

Kaynakça

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